Colonisation and infection with resistant gram-positive cocci. Epidemiology and risk factors

Drugs

Volumn 54, Issue SUPPL. 6, 1997, Pages 4-10

  Cars, O ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPICILLIN; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CEPHALOSPORIN; COAGULASE; COTRIMOXAZOLE; GLYCOPEPTIDE; PENICILLIN G; VANCOMYCIN;

AGRICULTURE; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG USE; ENTEROCOCCUS; GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIUM; HOSPITAL; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HUMAN; HYGIENE; INFECTION CONTROL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PENICILLIN RESISTANCE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); ENTEROCOCCUS; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; POSIBACTERIA; STAPHYLOCOCCI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

EID: 0031441138     PISSN: 00126667     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00003495-199700546-00004     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. 1. DR Schaberg DH Culver RP Gaynes 1991 Major trends in the microbial aetiology of nosocomial infection Am J Med 91 3B 72 5S 10.1016/0002-9343(91)90346-Y Schaberg DR, Culver DH, Gaynes RP. Major trends in the microbial aetiology of nosocomial infection. Am J Med 1991; 91 Suppl. 3B: 72–5S
2. 2. MG Cormican RN Jones 1996 Emerging resistance to antimicrobial agents in Gram-positive bacteria — enterococci, staphylococci and nonpneumococcal streptococci Drugs 51 1 6 12 8724811 10.2165/00003495-199600511-00004 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XktF2mtb4%3D Cormican MG, Jones RN. Emerging resistance to antimicrobial agents in Gram-positive bacteria — enterococci, staphylococci and nonpneumococcal streptococci. Drugs 1996; 51 Suppl. 1: 6–12
3. 3. JL Vincent DJ Bihari PM Suter 1995 The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe JAMA 274 639 44 7637145 10.1001/jama.1995.03530080055041 1:STN:280:DyaK2MzmsVWnuw%3D%3D Vincent JL, Bihari DJ, Suter PM, et al. The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe. JAMA 1995; 274: 639–44
4. 4. J Bates Z Jordens JB Selkon 1993 Evidence for an animal origin of vancomycin resistant enterococci Lancet 342 490 1 8102440 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91613-Q 1:STN:280:DyaK3szltl2ktA%3D%3D Bates J, Jordens Z, Selkon JB. Evidence for an animal origin of vancomycin resistant enterococci. Lancet 1993; 342: 490–1
5. 5. WC Noble Z Virani RG Cree 1992 Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 72 195 8 1505742 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05089.x 1:STN:280:DyaK38zntFOguw%3D%3D Noble WC, Virani Z, Cree RG. Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992; 72: 195–8
6. 6. F Baquero J Martinez-Beltran E Loza 1991 A review of antibiotic resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe J Antimicrob Chemother 28 C 31 8 1787127 10.1093/jac/28.suppl_C.31 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xht1Shs70%3D Baquero F, Martinez-Beltran J, Loza E. A review of antibiotic resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991; 28 Suppl. C: 31–8
7. 7. H Seppala T Klaukka R Lehtonen 1995 Outpatient use of erythromycin: link to increased erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci Clin Infect Dis 21 1378 85 8749619 10.1093/clinids/21.6.1378 1:STN:280:DyaK28zltFCrsw%3D%3D Seppala H, Klaukka T, Lehtonen R, et al. Outpatient use of erythromycin: link to increased erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21: 1378–85
8. 8. K Hiramatsu H Hanaki T Ino 1997 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain with reduced vancomycin susceptibility J Antimicrob Chemother 40 135 6 9249217 10.1093/jac/40.1.135 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXltVCit7w%3D Hiramatsu K, Hanaki H, Ino T, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain with reduced vancomycin susceptibility. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 40: 135–6
9. 9. VA Arason KG Kristinsson JA Sigurdsson 1996 Do antimicrobials increase the carriage rate of penicillin resistant pneumococci in children? Cross sectional prevalence study BMJ 313 387 91 8761224 10.1136/bmj.313.7054.387 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvVOgsr0%3D Arason VA, Kristinsson KG, Sigurdsson JA, et al. Do antimicrobials increase the carriage rate of penicillin resistant pneumococci in children? Cross sectional prevalence study. BMJ 1996; 313: 387–91
10. 10. F Baquero 1996 Trends in antibiotic resistance of respiratory pathogens: an analysis and commentary on a collaborative surveillance study J Antimicrob Chemother 38 A 117 32 8858478 10.1093/jac/38.suppl_A.117 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltVOkurk%3D Baquero F. Trends in antibiotic resistance of respiratory pathogens: an analysis and commentary on a collaborative surveillance study. J Antimicrob Chemother 1996; 38 Suppl. A: 117–32
11. 11. RW Haley NB Cushion FC Tenover 1995 Eradication of endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections from a neonatal intensive care unit J Infect Dis 171 614 24 7876608 10.1093/infdis/171.3.614 1:STN:280:DyaK2M7otFylug%3D%3D Haley RW, Cushion NB, Tenover FC, et al. Eradication of endemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections from a neonatal intensive care unit. J Infect Dis 1995; 171: 614–24
12. 12. M Uhari M Mottonen 1995 Infection prevention in child day care centers [abstract K180] Proceedings of the 35th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1995 American Society for Microbiology San Francisco. Washington DC Uhari M, Mottonen M. Infection prevention in child day care centers [abstract K180]. Proceedings of the 35th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy: 1995 Sep 17–20: San Francisco. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1995
13. 13. HC Neu 1992 The crisis in antibiotic resistance Science 257 1064 73 1509257 10.1126/science.257.5073.1064 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xls1OhsbY%3D Neu HC. The crisis in antibiotic resistance. Science 1992; 257: 1064–73
14. 14. L Mouthon J-L Mainardi 1996 Vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the gram-positive challenges Curr Opin Infect Dis 9 256 60 10.1097/00001432-199608000-00009 Mouthon L, Mainardi J-L. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the gram-positive challenges. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1996; 9: 256–60
15. 15. A Voss D Milatovic C Wallrauch-Schwarz 1994 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 13 50 5 8168564 10.1007/BF02026127 1:STN:280:DyaK2c3it1WhtA%3D%3D Voss A, Milatovic D, Wallrauch-Schwarz C, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13: 50–5
16. 16. BN Doebbeling 1995 The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation and infection J Chemother 7 3 99 103 8609545 Doebbeling BN. The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation and infection. J Chemother 1995; 7 Suppl. 3: 99–103
17. 17. RA Cox C Mallaghan C Conquest 1995 Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: controlling the spread outside hospital J Hosp Infect 29 107 9 7759827 10.1016/0195-6701(95)90192-2 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3nvFOnsw%3D%3D Cox RA, Mallaghan C, Conquest C, et al. Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: controlling the spread outside hospital. J Hosp Infect 1995; 29: 107–9
18. 18. FW Goldstein Y Pean J Gertner 1995 Resistance to ceftriaxone and other beta-lactams in bacteria isolated in the community Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39 2516 9 8585736 10.1128/AAC.39.11.2516 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXptFylsLw%3D Goldstein FW, Pean Y, Gertner J, et al. Resistance to ceftriaxone and other beta-lactams in bacteria isolated in the community. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 2516–9
19. 19. G Peters C Eiff von M Herrmann 1995 The changing pattern of coagulase-negative staphylococci as infectious pathogens Curr Opin Infect Dis 8 1 S12 9 10.1097/00001432-199503001-00004 Peters G, von Eiff C, Herrmann M. The changing pattern of coagulase-negative staphylococci as infectious pathogens. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1995; 8 Suppl. 1: S12–9
20. 20. G Hedin A Hambraeus 1991 Multiply antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in patients, staff and environment — a one week survey in a bone marrow transplant unit J Hosp Infect 17 95 106 1674266 10.1016/0195-6701(91)90173-6 1:STN:280:DyaK3M3jtFOiug%3D%3D Hedin G, Hambraeus A. Multiply antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in patients, staff and environment — a one week survey in a bone marrow transplant unit. J Hosp Infect 1991; 17: 95–106
21. 21. FD Daschner A Kropec 1995 Glycopeptides in the treatment of staphylococcal infections Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 14 1 S12 7 7729466 Daschner FD, Kropec A. Glycopeptides in the treatment of staphylococcal infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1995; 14 Suppl. 1: S12–7
22. 22. R Leclercq 1996 Epidemiology and control of multiresistant enterococci Drugs 52 2 47 9 8869836 10.2165/00003495-199600522-00010 Leclercq R. Epidemiology and control of multiresistant enterococci. Drugs 1996; 52 Suppl. 2: 47–9
23. 23. R Leclercq P Courvalin 1996 Emerging problems with enterococcal infections Curr Opin Infect Dis 9 115 9 10.1097/00001432-199604000-00015 Leclercq R, Courvalin P. Emerging problems with enterococcal infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1996; 9: 115–9
24. 24. NC Clark RC Cooksey BC Hill 1993 Characterisation of gly-copeptide-resistant enterococci from US hospitals Antimicrob Agents Chemother 37 2311 7 8285611 10.1128/AAC.37.11.2311 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXislehsA%3D%3D Clark NC, Cooksey RC, Hill BC, et al. Characterisation of gly-copeptide-resistant enterococci from US hospitals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 2311–7
25. 25. JG Morris DK Shay JN Hebden 1995 Enterococci resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents including vancomycin Ann Intern Med 123 250 9 7611590 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnsFaktrg%3D Morris JG, Shay DK, Hebden JN, et al. Enterococci resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents including vancomycin. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 250–9
26. 26. AS Gin GG Zhanel 1996 Vancomycin-resistant enterococci Ann Pharmacother 30 615 24 8792949 1:STN:280:DyaK28zosFSruw%3D%3D Gin AS, Zhanel GG. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Ann Pharmacother 1996; 30: 615–24
27. 27. NG Tornieporth RB Roberts J John 1996 Risk factors associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection or colonisation in 145 matched case patients and control patients Clin Infect Dis 23 767 8909842 10.1093/clinids/23.4.767 1:STN:280:DyaK2s%2Fms1elsw%3D%3D Tornieporth NG, Roberts RB, John J, et al. Risk factors associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection or colonisation in 145 matched case patients and control patients. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 767
28. 28. MB Edmond JF Ober DL Weinbaum 1995 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteremia: risk factors for infection Clin Infect Dis 20 1126 33 7619987 10.1093/clinids/20.5.1126 1:STN:280:DyaK2MzksFaktg%3D%3D Edmond MB, Ober JF, Weinbaum DL, et al. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteremia: risk factors for infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20: 1126–33
29. 29. P Auwera Van der N Pensart V Korten 1996 Influence of oral glycopeptides on the fecal flora of human volunteers: selection of highly glycopeptide-resistant enterococci J Infect Dis 173 1129 36 8627064 10.1093/infdis/173.5.1129 Van der Auwera P, Pensart N, Korten V, et al. Influence of oral glycopeptides on the fecal flora of human volunteers: selection of highly glycopeptide-resistant enterococci. J Infect Dis 1996; 173: 1129–36
30. 30. I Klare H Heier H Claus 1995 Enterococcus faecium strains with vanA mediated high-level glycopeptide resistance isolated from animal foodstuffs and fecal samples of humans in the community Microb Drug Resist 1 265 72 9158786 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.265 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xhs1eisL8%3D Klare I, Heier H, Claus H, et al. Enterococcus faecium strains with vanA mediated high-level glycopeptide resistance isolated from animal foodstuffs and fecal samples of humans in the community. Microb Drug Resist 1995; 1: 265–72
31. 31. LV Karanfil A Josephson 1992 A cluster of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an intensive care unit Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 13 195 200 1593099 10.1086/646509 1:STN:280:DyaK383ns1Ontg%3D%3D Karanfil LV, Josephson A. A cluster of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1992; 13: 195–200
32. 32. JM Boyce SM Opal JW Chow 1994 Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium with transferable vanB class vancomycin resistance J Clin Microbiol 32 1148 53 8051238 1:STN:280:DyaK2czislOguw%3D%3D Boyce JM, Opal SM, Chow JW, et al. Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium with transferable vanB class vancomycin resistance. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32: 1148–53
33. 33. PC Appelbaum 1992 Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an overview Clin Infect Dis 15 77 83 1617076 10.1093/clinids/15.1.77 1:STN:280:DyaK38zhsVamug%3D%3D Appelbaum PC. Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an overview. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 77–83
34. 34. F Baquero E Loza 1994 Antibiotic resistance of microorganisms involved in ear, nose and throat infections Pediatr Infect Dis J 13 1 9 14 Baquero F, Loza E. Antibiotic resistance of microorganisms involved in ear, nose and throat infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J1994; 13 Suppl. 1: 9–14
35. 35. A Marton 1995 Epidemiology of resistant pneumococci in Hungary Microb Drug Resist 1 2 127 30 9158745 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.127 1:STN:280:DyaK2szgt1Cqug%3D%3D Marton A. Epidemiology of resistant pneumococci in Hungary. Microb Drug Resist 1995; 1(2): 127–30
36. 36. P Geslin A Buu-Hoi A Fremaux 1992 Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an epidemiological survey in France, 1970–1979 Clin Infect Dis 15 95 8 1617078 10.1093/clinids/15.1.95 1:STN:280:DyaK38zhsValsg%3D%3D Geslin P, Buu-Hoi A, Fremaux A. Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an epidemiological survey in France, 1970–1979. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 95–8
37. 37. T Baquero 1996 Epidemiology and management of penicillin-resistant pneumococci Curr Opinion Infect Dis 9 372 9 10.1097/00001432-199612000-00003 Baquero T. Epidemiology and management of penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Curr Opinion Infect Dis 1996; 9: 372–9
38. 38. SL Block CJ Harrison JA Hedrick 1995 Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in acute otitis media: risk factors, susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial management Pediatr Infect Dis J 14 751 9 8559623 10.1097/00006454-199509000-00005 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FnvFemsg%3D%3D Block SL, Harrison CJ, Hedrick JA, et al. Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in acute otitis media: risk factors, susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial management. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14: 751–9
39. 39. S Soares KG Kristinsson JM Musser 1993 Evidence for the introduction of a multiresistant clone of serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae from Spain to Iceland in the late 1980s J Infect Dis 168 158 63 8515104 10.1093/infdis/168.1.158 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3psVemsw%3D%3D Soares S, Kristinsson KG, Musser JM. Evidence for the introduction of a multiresistant clone of serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae from Spain to Iceland in the late 1980s. J Infect Dis 1993; 168: 158–63
40. 40. KE Arnold RJ Leggiadro RF Breiman 1996 Risk factors for carriage of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in Memphis, Tennessee J Pediatr 128 757 64 8648533 10.1016/S0022-3476(96)70326-8 1:STN:280:DyaK283ktlOksg%3D%3D Arnold KE, Leggiadro RJ, Breiman RF, et al. Risk factors for carriage of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in Memphis, Tennessee. J Pediatr 1996; 128: 757–64
41. 41. JM Nava F Bella J Garau 1994 Predictive factors for invasive disease due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a population-based study Clin Infect Dis 19 884 90 7893874 10.1093/clinids/19.5.884 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3gtFSruw%3D%3D Nava JM, Bella F, Garau J, et al. Predictive factors for invasive disease due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a population-based study. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19: 884–90
42. 42. F Moreno C Crisp HJ Jorgensen 1995 The clinical and molecular epidemiology of bacteremias at a university hospital caused by pneumococci not susceptible to penicillin J Infect Dis 172 427 32 7622885 10.1093/infdis/172.2.427 1:STN:280:DyaK2MzkvVGnsw%3D%3D Moreno F, Crisp C, Jorgensen HJ, et al. The clinical and molecular epidemiology of bacteremias at a university hospital caused by pneumococci not susceptible to penicillin. J Infect Dis 1995; 172: 427–32