Multiple genes for chitin synthase in the zygomycete fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Journal of General and Applied Microbiology

Volumn 43, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 333-340

  Miyazaki, Atsushi ^a   Ootaki, Tamotsu ^a  

^a TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Chitin synthase; Filamentous fungi; Multigene family; Phycomyces blakesleeanus; Zygomycete

Indexed keywords

CHITIN; CHITIN SYNTHASE; CHITOSAN; DNA FRAGMENT; FUNGAL PROTEIN;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; CELL WALL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA SEQUENCE; FUNGAL GENETICS; FUNGUS; FUNGUS CULTURE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NONHUMAN; NORTHERN BLOTTING; PHYCOMYCETES; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SOUTHERN BLOTTING;

PHYCOMYCES BLAKESLEEANUS;

EID: 0031421032     PISSN: 00221260     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.43.333     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bartinicki-Garcia, S. (1968) Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis, and taxonomy of fungi. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 22, 87-108.
2. Bergman, K., Burke, P. V., Cerdá-Olmedo, E., David, C. N., Delbrück, M., Foster, K. W., Goodell, E. W., Heisenberg, M., Meissner, G., Zalokar, M., Dennison, D. S., and Shropshire, W., Jr. (1969) PHYCOMYCES. Bacteriol. Rev., 33, 99-157.
3. Borgia, P. T., Iartchouk, N., Riggle, P. J., Winter, K. R., Koltin, Y., and Bulawa, C. E. (1996) The chsB gene of Aspergillus nidulans is necessary for normal hyphal growth and development. Fungal Genet. Biol., 20, 193-203.
4. Bowen, A. R., Chen-Wu, J. L., Momany, M., Young, R., Szaniszlo, P. J., and Robbins, P. W. (1992) Classification of fungal chitin synthases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 89, 519-523.
5. Bracker, C. E., Ruiz-Herrera, J., and Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (1976) Structure and transformation of chitin synthetase particles (chitosomes) during microfibril synthesis in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 3, 4570-4574.
6. Bulawa, C. E. (1993) Genetics and molecular biology of chitin synthesis in fungi. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 47, 505-534.
7. Cabib, E. and Farkas, V. (1971) The control of morphogenesis: An enzymatic mechanism for the initiation of septum formation in yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 68, 2052-2056.
8. Castle, E. S. (1965) Differential growth and phototropic bending in Phycomyces. J. Gen. Physiol., 48, 409-423.
9. Cerdá-Olmedo, E. and Lipson, E. D. (1987) A biography of Phycomyces. In PHYCOMYCES, ed. by Cerdá-Olmedo, E. and Lipson, E. D., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp. 7-26.
10. Choi, H. T., Revuelta, J. L., Sadhu, C., and Jayaram, M. (1988) Structural organization of the TRP1 gene of Phycomyces blakesleeanus: Implications for evolutionary gene fusion in fungi. Gene, 71, 85-95.
11. Choi, W., Sburlati, A., and Cabib, E. (1994) Chitin synthase 3 from yeast has zymogenic properties that depend on both the CAL1 and the CAL3 genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 91, 4727-4730.
12. Chua, S. S., Momany, M., Mendoza, L., and Szaniszlo, P. J. (1994) Identification of three chitin synthase genes in the dimorphic fungal pathogen Sporothrix schenckii. Curr. Microbiol., 29, 151-156.
13. Cid, V. J., Durán, A., Rey, F., Snyder, M. P., Nombela, C., and Sánchez, M. (1995) Molecular basis of cell integrity and morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiol. Rev., 59, 345-386.
14. Durán, A., Bowers, B., and Cabib, E. (1975) Chitin synthetase zymogen is attached to the yeast plasma membrane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 72, 3952-3955.
15. Fujiwara, M., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. (1997) A novel fungal gene encoding chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 236, 75-78.
16. Higgins, D. G. and Sharp, P. M. (1989) Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer. Comp. Appl. Biosci., 5, 151-153.
17. Karuppayil, S. M., Peng, M., Mendoza, L., Levins, T. A., and Szaniszlo, P. J. (1996) Identification of the conserved coding sequences of three chitin synthase genes in Fonsecaea pedrosoi. J. Med. Vet. Mycol., 34, 117-125.
18. Kreger, D. R. (1954) Observations of cell walls of yeasts and some other fungi by X-ray diffraction and solubility tests. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 13, 1-9.
19. Lending, C. R., Leal-Morales, C. A., Flores-Martinez, A., Bracker, C. E., and Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (1991) Purification and characterization of 16 S chitin synthetase particles from cell walls of Mucor rouxii. Exp. Mycol., 15, 11-25.
20. Mehmann, B., Brunner, I., and Braus, G. (1994) Nucleotide sequence variation of chitin synthase genes among ectomycorrhizal fungi and its potential use of taxonomy. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 60, 3105-3111.
21. Mellado, E., Aufauvre-Brown, A., Gow, N. A. R., and Holden, D. W. (1996) The Aspergillus fumigatus chsC and chsG genes encode Class III chitin synthases with different functions. Mol. Microbiol., 20, 667-679.
22. Mellado, E., Aufauvre-Brown, A., Specht, C. A., Robbins, P. W., and Holden, D. W. (1995) A multigene family related to chitin synthase genes of yeast in the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Mol. Gen. Genet., 246, 353-359.
23. Miyazaki, A., Momany, M., Szaniszlo, P. J., Jayaram, M., and Ootaki, T. (1993) Chitin synthase-encoding gene(s) of the Zygomycete fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Gene, 134, 129-134.
24. Motoyama, T., Fujiwara, M., Kojima, N., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. (1996) The Aspergillus nidulans genes chsA and chsD encode chitin synthases which have redundant functions in conidia formation. Mol. Gen. Genet., 251, 442-450, corrected in (1997) 253, 520-528.
25. Motoyama, T., Sudoh, M., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. (1994) Isolation and characterization of two chitin synthase genes of Rhizopus oligosporus. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 58, 1685-1693.
26. Orlean, P. (1987) Two chitin synthases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5732-5739.
27. Peng, M., Karuppayil, S. M., Mendoza, L., Levins, T. A., and Szaniszlo, P. J. (1995) Use of the polymerase chain reaction to identify coding sequences for chitin synthase isozymes in Phialophora verrucosa. Curr. Genet., 27, 517-523.
28. Revuelta, J. L. and Jayaram, M. (1986) Transformation of Phycomyces blakesleeanus to G-418 resistance by an autonomously replicating plasmid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 83, 7344-7347.
29. Ruiz-Herrera, J. (1992) Fungal Cell Wall: Structure, Synthesis, and Assembly, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 5-22.
30. Saitou, N. and Nei, M. (1987) The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol., 4, 406-425.
31. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual, 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
32. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., and Coulson, A. R. (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 74, 5463-5467.
33. Specht, C. A., Liu, Y., Robbins, P. W., Bulawa, C. E., Iartchouk, N., Winter, K. R., Riggle, P. J., Rhodes, J. C., Dodge, C. L., Culp, D. W., and Borgia, P. T. (1996) The chsD and chsE genes of Aspergillus nidulans and their roles in chitin synthesis. Fungal Genet. Biol., 20, 153-167.
34. Sudoh, M., Nagahashi, S., Doi, M., Ohta, A., Takagi, M., and Arisawa, M. (1993) Cloning of the chitin synthase 3 gene from Candida albicans and its expression during yeast-hyphal transition. Mol. Gen. Genet., 241, 351-358.
35. Sutter, R. P. (1975) Mutations affecting sexual development in Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 72 127-130.
36. Thomsen, L. and Beauvais, A. (1995) Cloning of two chitin synthase gene fragments from a protoplastic entomophthorale. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 129, 115-120.
37. Yamazaki, Y. and Ootaki, T. (1996) Roles of extracellular fibrils connecting progametangia in mating of Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Mycol. Res., 100, 984-988.
38. Yanai, K., Kojima, N., Takaya, N., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. (1994) Isolation and characterization of two chitin synthase genes from Aspergillus nidulans. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 58, 1828-1835.
39. Yarden, O. and Yanofsky, C. (1991) Chitin synthase 1 plays a major role in cell wall biogenesis in Neurospora crassa. Genes Develop., 5, 2420-2430.