Cytokines and peripheral nerve disorders

European Cytokine Network

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 145-151

  Créange, Alain ^a   Barlovatz Meimon, Georgia ^a   Gherardi, Romain K ^a  

^a FACULTÉ DE MÉDECINE   (France)

Author keywords

Cytokine; Demyelinating neuropathy; Peripheral neuropathy; Wallerian degeneration

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 6; LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VASCULOTROPIN;

BLOOD VESSEL PERMEABILITY; CELL MIGRATION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DEMYELINATING NEUROPATHY; LEUKOCYTE; LYMPHOCYTE; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; MACROPHAGE; MAST CELL; NERVE CELL; NERVE CELL GROWTH; NERVE DEGENERATION; NERVE FIBER TRANSECTION; NERVE REGENERATION; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; REVIEW; SCHWANN CELL;

ANIMALS; CYTOKINES; DEMYELINATING DISEASES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; NERVE DEGENERATION; NERVE REGENERATION; NEURITIS; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES;

WALLERIA;

EID: 0031420796     PISSN: 11485493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. Griffin J W, George R, Ho T. 1993. Macrophage systems in peripheral nerves. A review. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 52: 553.
2. Stoll G, Griffin J W, Li C Y, Trapp B D. 1989. Wallerian degeneration in the peripheral nervous systm: participation of both Schwann cells and macrophages in myelin degradation. J. Neurocytol. 18: 671.
3. Galli S J, Tsai M, Wershil BK 1993. The c-kit receptor, stem cell factor, and mast cells: what each is teaching us about the others. Am. J. Pathol. 142: 965.
4. Knorr-Held S, Meier C. 1990. Mast cells in human polyneuropathies: their density and regional distribution. Clin. Neuropathol. 9: 141.
5. Johnson D, Seeldrayers P A, Weiner H L. 1988. The role of mast cells in demyelination. Myelin proteins are degraded by mast cell proteases and myelin basic protein and P2 can stimulate mast cell degranulation. Bruin Res. 444: 195.
6. Burd P R. 1995. Role of cytokines in mast cell functions. In: Aggarwal BB, Puri RK, eds. Human cytokines: their role in disease and therapy. Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science, 87.
7. Powell H C, Myers RR. 1996. The axon in Guillain-Barré syndrome: immune target or innocent bystander. Ann. Neurol. 39: 4.
8. Jakobsson A E. 1994. Angiogenesis induced by mast cell secretion in rat peritoneal connective tissue: a process of three phases. Microvasc. Res. 47: 252.
9. Litwin M S, Gamble J R, Vadas M A. 1995. Role of cytokines in endothelial cell functions. In: Aggarwal B B, Puri R K, eds. Human cytokines: their role in disease and therapy. Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science, 101.
10. Smith W B, Gamble J R, Clark-Lewis I, Vadas M A. 1991. Interleukin-8 induces neutrophil transendothelial migration. Immunology 72: 65.
11. Mancardi G L, Cadoni A, Zicca A, Schenone A, Tabaton M, De Martini I, Zaccheo D. 1988. HLA-DR Schwann cell reactivity in peripheral neuropathies of different origins. Neurology 38: 848.
12. Goodrum J F, Bouldin T W. 1996. The cell biology of myelin degeneration and regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 55: 943.
13. Reichert F, Saada A K, Rotshenker S. 1994. Peripheral nerve injury induces Schwann cells to express two macrophages phenotypes: phagocytosis and the galactose-specific lectin MAC-2. J. Neurosci. 4: 3231.
14. Kaiserling E, Xiao J C, Ruck P, Horny H P. 1993. Aberrant expression of macrophage-associated antigens (CD68 and KiM1P) by Schwann cells in reactive and neoplastic neural tissue. Light- and electron-microscopic findings. Mod. Pathol. 6: 463.
15. Bergsteinsdottir K, Kingston A, Mirsky R, Jessen K R. 1991. Rat Schwann cells produce interleukin-1. J. Neuroimmunol. 34: 15.
16. Schultzberg M, Sverson S B, Unden A, Bartfai T. 1987. Interleukin-1-like immunoreactivity in peripheral tissues. J. Neurosci. Res. 18: 184.
17. Sabourin J C, Florea-Strat A, Poron F, Gherardi R K. 1994. Differential pattern of cytokines expression in nerve of patients with various HIV-associated peripheral neuropathies. Neurology 44 (Suppl 2): A 250 (abstract).
18. Dobrea G M, Unnerstall J R, Rao M S. 1992. The expression of CNTF message and immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of the rat. Dev. Brain Res. 66: 209.
19. Kurek J B, Austin L, Cheema S S, Bartlett P F, Murphy M. 1996. Up-regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-6 in transected sciatic nerve and muscle following denervation. Neuromusc. Disord. 6: 105.
20. Hopkins S J, Rothwell N J. 1995. Cytokines and the nervous system I: Expression and recognition. (Review) Trends Neurosci. 18:83.
21. Unsicker K, Flanders K C, Cissel D S, Lafyatis R, Sporn M B. 1991. Transforming growth factor beta isoforms in the adult rat central and peripheral nervous system. Neuroscience 44: 613.
22. Scherer S S, Kamholz J, Jakowlew S B. 1993. Axons modulate the expression of transforming growth factor-beta's in Schwann cells. Glia 8: 265.
23. Jander S, Pohl J, Gillen C, Stoll G. 1996. Differential expression of interleukin-10 mRNA in wallerian degeneration and immune-mediated inflammation of the rat peripheral nervous system. J. Neurosci. Res. 43: 254.
24. Kiefer R, Kreutzberg G W. 1990. Gamma interferon-like immunoreactivity in the rat nervous system. Neuroscience 37: 725.
25. Bourde O, Kiefer R, Toyka K V, Hartung H P. 1996. Quantification of interleukin-6 mRNA in wallerian degeneration by competitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Neuroimmunol. 69: 135.
26. Wells M R, Racis SP Jr, Vaidya U. 1992. Changes in plasma cytokines associated with peripheral nerve injury. J. Neuroimmunol. 39: 261.
27. Stoll G, Jung S, Jander S, van der Meide P, Hartung H.P. 1993. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in immune-mediated demyelination and Wallerian degeneration of the rat peripheral nervous system. J. Neuroimmunol. 45: 175.
28. Reichert F, Levitzky R, Rotshenker S. 1996. Interleukin-6 in intact and injured mouse peripheral nerves. Eur. J. Neurosci. 8: 530.
29. Kiefer R, Streit W J, Toyka K V, Kreutzberg G W, Hartung H P. 1995. Transforming growth factor-β1: a lesion-associated cytokine of the nervous system. (Review) Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 13: 331.
30. Beuche W, Friede R L. 1984. The role of non-resident cells in Wallerian degeneration. J. Neurocytol. 13: 767.
31. Saïd G, Hontebeyrie-Joskowicz M. 1992. Nerve lesions induced by macrophage activation. Res. Immunol. 143: 589.
32. Redford E J, Hall S M, Smith K J. 1995. Vascular changes and demyelination induced by the intraneural injection of tumour necrosis factor. Brain 118: 869.
33. Lisak R P, Bealmear B. 1991. Antibodies to interleukin-1 inhibit cytokin-induced proliferation of neonatal rat Schwann cells in vitro. J. Neuroimmunol 31: 123.
34. Saada A, Reichert F, Rotshenker S. 1996. Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor produced in lesioned peripheral nerves induces the up-regulation of cell surface expression of MAC-2 by macrophages and Schwann cells. J. Cell. Biol. 133: 159.
35. Lindholm D, Heumann R, Meyer M, Thoenen H. 1987. Interleukin-1 regulates synthesis of nerve growth factor in non neuronal cells of rat sciatic nerve. Nature 330: 658.
36. Guénard V, Dinarello C A, Weston P J, Aebischer P. 1991. Peripheral nerve regeneration is impeded by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist released from a polymeric guidance channel. J. Neurosci. Res. 29: 396.
37. Einheber S, Hannocks M J, Metz C N, Rifkin D B, Salzer J L. 1995. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 regulates axon/Schwann cell interactions. J. Cell. Biol. 129: 443.
38. Guénard V, Gwynn L A, Wood PM. 1995. Transforming growth factor-beta blocks myelination but not ensheathment of axons by Schwann cells in vitro. J. Neurosci. 15: 419.
39. Chalazonitis A, Kalberg J, Twardzick D R, Morrison R S, Kessler J A. 1992. Transforming growth factor beta has neurotrophic actions on sensory neurons in vitro and is synergistic with nerve growth factor. Dev. Biol. 152: 121.
40. Register B, Delree P, Leprince P, Martin D, Sadzot C, Malgrange B, Munaut C, Rigo J M, Lefebvre P P, Octave J N, et al. 1993. Transforming growth factor beta as a neuronoglial signal during peripheral nervous system response to injury. J. Neurosci. Res. 34: 32.
41. Richards L J, Kilpatrick T J, Bartlett P F, Murphy M. 1992. Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes the neuronal development of spinal cord precursors from the neural tube. J. Neurosci. Res. 33: 476.
42. Murphy M, Reid K, Hilton D J, Bartlett P F. 1991. Generation of sensory neurons is stimulated by leukemia inhibitory factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 3498.
43. Curtis R, Scherer S S, Somogyi R, Adryan K M, Ip N Y, Zhu Y, Lindsay R M, DiStefano P S. 1994. Retrograde axonal transport of LIF is increased by peripheral nerve injury: correlation with increased expression in distal nerve. Neuron 12: 191.
44. Satoh T, Nakamura S, Taga T, Matsuda T, Hirano T, Kishimoto T, Kaziro Y. 1988. Induction of neuronal differentiation of PC 12 cells by B cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin-6. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8: 3346.
45. Smith G M, Rabinovsky E D, McManaman J L, Shine H D. 1993. Temporal and spatial expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor after peripheral nerve injury. Exp. Neurol. 121: 239.
46. Stöckli K A, Lottspeich F, Sendtner M, Masiakowski P, Carroll P, Götz R, Lindholm D, Thoenen H. 1989. Molecular cloning, expression and regional distribution of rat ciliary neurotrophic factor. Nature 342: 920.
47. Hartung H P, Pollard J D, Harvey G K, Toyka K V. 1995. Immunopathogenesis and treatment of the Guillain-Barré syndrome - part I. (Review) Muscle Nerve 18: 137.
48. Hartung H P, Reiners K, Schmidt B, Stoll G, Toyka K V. 1991. Serum interleukin-2 concentrations in Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic idiopathic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: comparison with other neurological diseases of presumed immunopathogenesis. Ann. Neurol. 30: 48.
49. Hartung H P, Hughes R A, Taylor W A, Heininger K, Reiners K, Toyka K V. 1990. T cell activation in Guillain-Barré syndrome and in MS: elevated serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptors. Neurology 40: 215.
50. Bansil S, Mithen F A, Cook S D, Sheffet A, Rohowsky-Kochan C. 1991. Clinical correlation with serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology 41: 1302.
51. Maimone D, Annuziata P, Simone I L, Livrea P, Guazzi G C. 1993. lnterleukin-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. J. Neuroimmunol. 47: 55.
52. Tsukada N, Miyagi K, Matsuda M, Yanagisawa N, Yone K. 1991. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in the CSF and sera of patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 102: 230.
53. Sharief M K, McLean B, Thompson E J. 1993. Elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann. Neurol. 33:591.
54. Exley A R, Smith N, Winer J B. 1994. Tumour necrosis factor-α and other cytokines in Guillain-Barré syndrome. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 57: 1118.
55. Créange A, Belec L, Clair B, Raphael J C, Gherardi R.K. 1996. Circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and soluble TNF receptor in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. J. Neuroimmunol. 68: 95.
56. Selmaj K, Raine C S, Cross A H. 1991. Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy abrogates autoimmune demyelination. Ann. Neurol. 30: 694.
57. Hartung H P, Schäfer B, van der Meide P H, Fierz W, Heininger K, Toyka K V. 1990. The role of interferon-gamma in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system. Ann. Neurol. 27: 247.
58. Roberts A B, Sporn M B. 1988. Physiological actions and clinical applications of transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β). Growth Factors 8: 1.
59. Kulkarni A B, Karlsson S. 1993. Transforming growth factor-β knockout mice. A mutation in one cytokine gene causes a dramatic inflammatory disease. (Review) Am. J. Pathol. 143: 3.
60. Créange A, Belec L, Clair B, Degos J D, Raphael J C, Gherardi R K. 1996. Circulating TGF-B1 Levels Parallel Motor Function In Patients With Guilain-Barré Syndrome. Neurology 46 (Suppl 4): A 286 (abstract).
61. Shull M M, Orrnsby I, Kier A B, Pawlowski S, Diebold R J, Yin M, Allen R, Sidman C, Proetzel G, Calvin D, Annunziata N, Doetschman T. 1992. Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-β1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease. Nature 359: 693.
62. Christ M, McCartney-Francis N L, Kulkarni A B, Ward J M, Mizel D E, Mackall C L, Gress R E, Hines K L, Tian H, Karlsson S, Wahal S M. 1994. Immune dysregulation in TGF-β1 deficient mice. J. Immunol. 153: 1936.
63. Sindern E, Schweppe K, Ossege L M, Malin J P. 1996. Potential role of transforming growth factor-β1 in terminating the immune response in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. J. Neurol. 243: 264.
64. Kiefer R, Funa K, Schweitzer T, Jung S, Bourde O, Toyka K V, Hartung H P. 1996. Transforming growth factor-β1 in experimental autoimmune neuritis. Cellular localization and time course. Am. J. Pathol. 148: 211.
65. Johns L D, Flanders K C, Ranges G E, Sriram S. 1991. Successful treatment of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with transforming growth factor-β1. J. Immunol. 147: 1792.
66. Jung S, Schluesener H J, Schmidt B, Fontana A, Toyka K V, Hartung H P. 1994. Therapeutic effect of transforming growth factor-β2 on actively induced EAN but not adoptive transfer BAN. Immunology 83: 545.
67. Czarniecki C W, Chiu H H, Wong G H, McCabe S M, Palladino M A. 1988. Transforming growth factor-β1 modulates the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens on human cells. J. Immunol. 140: 4217.
68. Miller A, Lider O, Roberts A B, Sporn M B, Weiner H L. 1992. Suppressor T cells generated by oral tolerization to myelin basic protein suppress both in vitro and in vivo immune responses by the release of transforming growth factor-β after antigen-specific triggering. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 421.
69. Chen Y, Kuchroo V K, Inobe J, Hafler D A, Weiner H L. 1994. Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 265: 1237.
70. Gamble J R, Vadas M A. 1991. Endothelial cell adhesiveness for human T lymphocytes is inhibited by transforming growth factor-β1. J. Immunol. 146: 1149.
71. Tsunawaki S, Sporn M, Ding A, Nathan C. 1988. Deactivation of macrophages by transforming growth factor-β. Nature 334: 260.
72. Vodovotz Y, Bogdan C, Paik J, Xie Q W, Nathan C. 1993. Mechanisms of suppression of macrophage nitric oxide release by transforming growth factor-β. J. Exp. Med. 178: 605.
73. Fukatsu A, Ito Y, Yuzawa Y, Yoshida F, Kato M, Miyakawa K, Matsuo S. 1992. A case of POEMS syndrome showing elevated serum interleukin-6 and abnormal expression of interleukin-6 in the kidney. Nephron 62: 47.
74. Mandler R N, Kerrigan D P, Smart J, Kuis W, Villiger P, Lotz M. 1992. Castleman's disease in POEMS syndrome with elevated interleukin-6. Cancer 69: 2697.
75. Gherardi R K, Chouaib S, Malapert D, Belec L, Intrator L, Degos J D. 1994. Early weight loss and high serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels in polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, skin changes syndrome. Ann. Neurol. 35: 501.
76. Gherardi R K, Belec L, Fromont G, Divine M, Malapert D, Gaulard P, Degos J D. 1994. Elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and increased production of IL-1β mRNA in lymph nodes of patients with POEMS syndrome. Blood 83: 2587.
77. Gherardi R K, Belec L, Soubrier M, Malapert D, Zuber M, Viard J P, Intrator L, Degos J D, Authier F J. 1996. Overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines imbalanced by their antagonists in POEMS syndrome. Blood 87: 1458.
78. Authier F J, Belec L, Levy Y, Lefaucheur J P, Defer G, Degos J D, Gherardi R K. 1996. All-trans-retinoic acid in POEMS syndrome. Therapeutic effect associated with decreased circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines Arthritis. Rheum. 39: 1423.
79. Soubrier M, Dubost J J, Serre A F, Ristori J M, Cathebras P, Piette J C, Chapman A. Authier F J, Gherardi R K. 1997. Growth factors in POEMS syndrome: evidence for a marked increase of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor. Arthritis Rheum. 40: 786.
80. Watanabe O, Arimura K, Kitajima I, Osame M, Maruyama I. 1996. Greatly raised vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in POEMS syndrome. Lancet 347: 702.
81. Gherardi R K, Baudrimont M, Kujas M, Malapert D, Lange F, Gray F, Poirier J. 1988. Pathological findings in three non-japonese patients with the POEMS syndrome. Virchows Arch. 413: 357.
82. Vital C, Gherardi R, Vital A, Kopp N, Pellissier J F, Soubrier M, Clavelou P, Bellance R, Delisle M B, Ruchoux M M, Hauw J J. 1994. Uncompacted myelin lamellae in polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes syndrome. Ultrastructural study of peripheral nerve biopsy from 22 patients. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl) 87: 302.
83. Lesprit P, Authier F J, Gherardi R K, Belec L, Paris D, Melliere D, Schaeffer A, Godeau B. 1996. Acute arterial obliteration: a new feature of POEMS syndrome (Review). Medicine (Baltimore) 75: 226.
84. Gherardi R K, Amiel H, Martin-Mondière C, Viard J P, Salama J, Delaporte P. 1989. Solitary plasmocytoma of the skull revealed by a mononeuritis multiplex associated with immune complex vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum. 32: 1470.