Fluid inclusion evidence for hydrothermal enrichment of magmatic ore at the contact zone of the Ni-Cu-platinum-group element 4b deposit, lindsley mine, Sudbury, Canada

Economic Geology

Volumn 92, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 674-685

  Molnár, Ferenc ^a,b   Watkinson, David H ^b   Jones, Peter C ^b   Gatter, István ^a  

^a EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY   (Hungary)

^b CARLETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GEOCHEMISTRY; HYDROTHERMAL ENRICHMENT; IGNEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY; MAGMATIC ORE; PGE; SULPHIDE ORE;

CANADA, ONTARIO, SUDBURY, LINDSLEY MINE;

EID: 0031418591     PISSN: 03610128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gsecongeo.92.6.674     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Ballhaus, C.G., and Stumpfl, E.F., 1986, Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky reef: Evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 94, p. 193-204.
2. Bennett, G., Dressier, B.O., and Robertson, J.A., 1992, The Huronian Super-group and associated intrusive rocks: Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 4, Part I, p. 549-591.
3. Binney, W.P., Poulin, R.Y., Sweeny, J.M., and Halladay, S.H., 1994, The Lindsley Ni-Cu-PGE deposit and its geologic setting; Ontario Geological Survey Special Paper 5, p. 91-103.
4. 2O-NaCl. Experimental determination of the halite liquidus and isochores for a 40 wt % NaCl solution: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 58, p. 1053-1063
5. 2O-NaCl fluid inclusions, in De Vivo, B., and Frezzotti, M.L., eds., Fluid inclusions in minerals: Methods and applications: International Mineralogical Association Short Course of the Working Group "Inclusions in Minerals," September 1-4, 1994, Pontignano-Siena, Italy, p. 117-130.
6. Burruss, R.C., 1981, Analysis of phase equilibria in C-H-O-S fluid inclusions: Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Handbook, v. 6, p. 39-74.
7. Card, K.H., Gupta, V.K., McGrath, P.H., and Grant, F.S., 1984, The Sudbury structure: Its regional geologic and geophysical setting:Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 1, p. 25-43.
8. Crawford, M.L., 1981, Phase equilibria in aqueous fluid inclusions: Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Handbook, v. 6, p. 75-100.
9. 2-NaCl fluid inclusions: Implications for P-T isochore location: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 55, p. 3869-3871.
10. 2O fluid inclusions, in De Vivo, B., and Frezzotti, M.L., eds., Fluid inclusions in minerals: Methods and applications: International Mineralogical Association Short Course of the Working Group "Inclusions in Minerals," September 1-4, 1994, Pontignano-Siena, Italy, p. 131-158.
11. Farrow, C.E.G., 1994, Geology, alteration and the role of fluids in Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization of the footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Levack and Morgan Townships, Sudbury district, Ontario: Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Ottawa, Carleton University, 373 p.
12. Farrow, C.E.G., and Watkinson, D.H., 1992, Alteration and the role of fluids in Ni, Cu and platinum-group element deposition, Sudbury Igneous Complex contact, Onaping-Levack area, Ontario: Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 46, p. 67-83.
13. _1997, Diversity of precious metal mineralization in footwall Cu-Ni-PGE deposits, Sudbury, Onratio: Implications for hydrothermal models of formation: Canadian Mineralogist, in press.
14. Farrow, C.E.G., Watkinson, D.H., and Jones, P.C., 1994, Fluid inclusions in sulfides from North and South Range Cu-Ni-PGE deposits, Sudbury structure, Ontario: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 89, p. 647-655.
15. Fleet, M.E., 1995, Reply to the comment by C. Li and S.-J. Barnes on "Fractional crystallization of anhydrous sulfide liquid in the system Fe-Ni-Cu-S, with application to magmatic sulfide deposits": Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 59, p. 3867-3870.
16. Frape, S.K., and Fritz, P., 1982, The chemistry and isotopic composition of saline groundwaters from the Sudbury basin, Ontario: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 19., p. 645-661.
17. Gammons, C.H., and Bloom, M.S., 1993, Experimental investigation of the hydrothermal geochemsitry of platinum and palladium: II. The solubility of PtS and PdS in aqueous sulfide solutions to 300°C: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, p. 2451-2467.
18. 4 solutions at 300°C: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, p. 3881-3894.
19. Hoffman, E.L., Naldrett, A.J., Alcock, R.A., and Hancock, R.G.V., 1979, The noble metal content of ore in Levack West and Little Stobie mines, Ontario: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 17, p. 437-451.
20. Johan, Z., and Watkinson, D.H., 1987, Phase fluide riche en Na-Cl-H-O-N et son rôle dans le concentration des elements groupe de platine et de la chromite: "Upper Critical Zone," complexe de Bushveld, in Guides de prospection pour les gisements de platinoides dans les complexes ophiolitiques et stratifiés: Commission des Communautés Européennes, Rapport final, p. 61-85.
21. Krogh, T.E., Davis, D.W., and Corfu, F., 1984, Precise U-Pb zircon and baddeleyite ages for the Sudbury area: Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 1, p. 431-446.
22. Li, C., and Naldrett, A.J., 1993, High chlorine alteration minerals and cal-cium-rich brines in fluid inclusions from the Strathcona Deep Copper zone, Sudbury, Ontario: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 88, p. 1780-1796.
23. Linke, W.F., 1965, Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds: American Chemical Society 2, Van Nostrand, 1914 p.
24. Marshall, D., Watkinson, D., Fouillac, A.-M., Molnár, F., and Farrow, C., 1996, Fluid mixing during the emplacement of the Sudbury Igneous Complex: Fluid inclusion, Ar, O and H isotopic evidence: Biennial Pan-American Conference on Research on Fluid Inclusions, 6th, May 30-June 1, Madison, Wisconsin, Program and Abstracts, p. 83-85.
25. Molnár, F., Watkinson, D.H., and Everest, J., 1996, Heavy-metal rich, highly saline fluid inclusions from the Cu-rich footwall contact, Little Stobie Ni-Cu-PGE mine, Sudbury, Canada: Biennial Pan-American Conference on Research on Fluid Inclusions, 6th, May 30-June 1, Madison. Wisconsin, Program and Abstracts, p. 89-91.
26. Naldrett, A.J., 1989, Magmatic sulfide deposits: New York, Oxford University Press, 186 p.
27. Nyman, M.W., Sheets, R.W., and Bodnar, R.J., 1990, Fluid inclusion evidence for the physical and chemical conditions associated with intermediate-temperature PGE mineralization at the New Rambler deposit, southeastern Wyoming: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 28, p. 629-638.
28. 2O: I. The ice liquidas at 1 atm total pressure: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 54, p. 603-610.
29. Pasteris, J.D., Harris, T.N., and Sassani, D.C., 1995, Interactions of mixed volatile-brine fluids in rocks of the southwestern footwall of the Duluth Complex, Minnesota: Evidence from aqueous fluid inclusions. American Journal of Science, v. 295, p. 125-172.
30. Peredery, W.V., and Morrison, G.G., 1984, Discussion on the origin of the Sudbury structure: Ontario Geological Survey Special Volume 1, p. 491-511.
31. Roedder, E., 1963, Studies of fluid inclusions. II: Freezing data and their interpretation: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 58., p. 167-211.
32. _1984, Fluid inclusions: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 12, 644 p.
33. Shepherd, T., Rankin, A.H., and Alderton, D.H.M., 1985, A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies: Glasgow, Blackie and Son Ltd, 239 p.
34. Souch, B.E., Podolsky, T., and Geologic Staff, 1969, The sulfide ores of Sudbury: Their particular relationship to a distinctive inclusion-bearing facies of the nickel irruptive: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY MONOGRAPH 4, p. 252-261.
35. 2O under vapor-saturated conditions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, p. 989-1005.
36. 2 inclusions: Modelling for T<31°C and P<4000 bars: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 6, p. 753-771.
37. 2O, with application to fluid inclusions from oceanic hydrothermal systems: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, p. 2451-2456.
38. Watkinson, D.H., 1990, Platinum-group minerals in Cu-rich sulfides from some North American mafic-ultramafic rock complexes: Mineralogical Society of Korea Journal, v. 6, p. 37-51.
39. _1994, Fluid-rock interaction at contact of Lindsley 4b Ni-Cu-PGE ore-body and enclosing granitic rocks, Sudbury, Canada: Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, v. 103, p. B121-B128.
40. Wood, S.A., Mountain, B.W., and Pan, P., 1992, The aqueous geochemistry of platinum, palladium and gold: Recent experimental constraints and a re-evaluation of theoretical predictions: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 30, p. 955-982.
41. 2O using synthetic fluid inclusions: Chemical Geology, v. 64, p. 335-350.