Arabidopsis mutants resistant to the auxin effects of indole-3-acetonitrile are defective in the nitrilase encoded by the NIT1 gene

Plant Cell

Volumn 9, Issue 10, 1997, Pages 1781-1790

  Normanly, Jennifer ^a   Grisafi, Paula ^b   Fink, Gerald R ^b,c   Bartel, Bonnie ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^b WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH   (United States)

^c MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^d RICE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARABIDOPSIS;

EID: 0031252198     PISSN: 10404651     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.9.10.1781     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Ausubel, P.M., Brent, R., Kingston, R.E., Moore, D.D., Seidman, J.G., Smith, J.A., and Struhl, K., eds (1993). Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. (New York: Greene Publishing Associates and Wiley-Interscience).
2. Bartel, B. (1997). Auxin biosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 48, 51-66.
3. Bartel, B., and Fink, G.R. (1994). Differential regulation of an auxin-producing nitrilase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6649-6653.
4. Bartel, B., and Fink, G.R. (1995). ILR1, an amidohydrolase that releases active indole-3-acetic acid from conjugates. Science 268, 1745-1748.
5. Bartling, D., Seedorf, M., Mithöfer, A., and Weiler, E.W. (1992). Cloning and expression of an Arabidopsis nitrilase which can con vert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indoie-3-acetic acid. Eur. J. Biochem. 205, 417-424.
6. Bartling, D., Seedorf, M., Schmidt, R.C., and Weiler, E.W. (1994). Molecular characterization of two cloned nitrilases from Arabidopsis thaliana: Key enzymes in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6021-6025.
7. Bischoff, M., Löw, R., Grsic, S., Rausch, T., Hilgenberg, W., and Ludwig-Müller, J. (1995). Infection with the obligate biotroph Plasmodiophora brassicae, the causal agent of the club root disease, does not affect expression of NIT 1/2-related nitrilases in roots of Chinese cabbage. J. Plant Physiol. 147, 341-345.
8. Blonstein, A.D., Vahala, T., Koornneef, M., and King, P.J. (1988). Plants regenerated from auxin-auxotrophic variants are inviable. Mol. Gen. Genet. 215, 58-64.
9. Celenza, J.L., Grisafi, P.L., and Fink, G.R. (1995). A pathway for lateral root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes Dev. 9, 2131-2142.
10. Fracheboud, Y., and King, P.J. (1991). An auxin-auxotrophic mutant of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. Mol. Gen. Genet. 227, 397-400.
11. Haughn, G.W., and Somerville, C. (1986). Sulfonylurea-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol. Gen. Genet. 204, 430-434.
12. Henbest, H.B., Jones, E.R.H., and Smith, G.F. (1953). Isolation of a new plant-growth hormone, 3-indolylacetonitrile. J. Chem. Soc., 3796-3801.
13. Hillebrand, H., Tiemann, B., Hell, R., Bartling, D., and Weiler, E.W. (1996). Structure of the gene encoding nitrilase 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Gene 170, 197-200.
14. Ilic, N., Normanly, J., and Cohen, J.D. (1996). Quantification of free plus conjugated indoleacetic acid in Arabidopsis requires correction for the nonenzymatic conversion of indolic nitrites. Plant Physiol. 111, 781-788.
15. Jefferson, R.A., Kavanagh, T.A., and Bevan, M.W. (1987). GUS fusions: β-Glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. EMBO J. 6, 3901-3907.
16. Jones, E.W., and Fink, G.R. (1982). Regulation of amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis in yeast. In The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Metabolism and Gene Expression, J.N. Strathern, E.W. Jones, and U.R. Broach, eds (Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press), pp. 181-299.
17. Kobayashi, M., Yanaka, N., Nagasawa, T., and Yamada, H. (1992a). Primary structure of an aliphatic nitrile-degrading enzyme, aliphatic nitrilase, from Rhodococcus rhodochrous K22 and expression of its gene and identification of its active site residue. Biochemistry 31, 9000-9007.
18. Kobayashi, M., Komeda, H., Yanaka, N., Nagasawa, T., and Yamada, H. (1992b). Nitrilase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1. Sequencing and overexpression of the gene and identification of an essential cysteine residue. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 20746-20751.
19. Kobayashi, M., Izui, H., Nagasawa, T., and Yamada, H. (1993). Nitrilase in biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid from indole-3-acetonitrile: Cloning the Alcaligenes gene and site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 247-251.
20. Kobayashi, M., Suzuki, T., Fujita, T., Masuda, M., and Shimizu, S. (1995). Occurrence of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid from indole-3-acetonitrile in plant-associated bacteria, Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 714-718.
21. Koshiba, T., Kamiya, Y., and Iino, M. (1995). Biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid from L-tryptophan in coleoptile tips of maize (Zea mays L). Plant Cell Physiol. 36, 1503-1510.
22. Lam, H.-M., Coschigano, K., Schultz, C., Melo-Oliveira, R., Tjaden, G., Oliveira, I., Ngai, N., Hseih, M.-H., and Coruzzi, G. (1995). Use of Arabidopsis mutants and genes to study amide amino acid biosynthesis. Plant Cell 7, 887-898.
23. Last, R.L., and Fink, G.R. (1988). Tryptophan-requiring mutants of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Science 240, 305-310.
24. Last, R.L., Bissinger, P.M., Mahoney, D.J., Radwanski, E.R., and Fink, G.R. (1991). Tryptophan mutants in Arabidopsis: The consequences of duplicated tryptophan synthase β genes. Plant Cell 3, 345-358.
25. Lincoln, C., Britton, J.H., and Estelle, M. (1990). Growth and development of the axr 1 mutants of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 2, 1071-1080.
26. Michalczuk, L., Ribnicky, D.M., Cooke, T.J., and Cohen, J.D. (1992). Regulation of indole-3-acetic acid biosynthetic pathways in carrot cell cultures. Plant Physiol. 100, 1346-1353.
27. Niyogi, K.K., Last, R.L., Fink, G.R., and Keith, B.(1993). Suppressors of trp 1 fluorescence identify a new Arabidopsis gene, TRP4, encoding the anthranilate synthase β subunit. Plant Cell 5, 1011-1027.
28. Nonhebel, H.M., Cooney, T.P., and Simpson, R. (1993). The route, control and compartmentation of auxin synthesis. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 20, 527-539.
29. Normanly, J., Cohen, J.D., and Fink, G.R. (1993). Arabidopsis thaliana auxotrophs reveal a tryptophan-independent biosynthetic pathway for indole-3-acetic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 10355-10359.
30. Normanly, J., Slovin, J.P., and Cohen, J.D. (1995). Rethinking auxin biosynthesis and metabolism. Plant Physiol. 107, 323-329.
31. Oetiker, J., Gebhardt, C., and King, P.J. (1990). A temperature-sensitive auxin auxotroph not deficient in indole-3-acetic acid. Planta 180, 220-228.
32. Pickett, F.B., Wilson, A.K., and Estelle, M. (1990). The aux 1 mutation of Arabidopsis confers both auxin and ethylene resistance. Plant Physiol. 94, 1462-1466.
33. Radwanski, E.R., and Last, R.L. (1995). Tryptophan biosynthesis and metabolism: Biochemical and molecular genetics. Plant Cell 7, 921-934.
34. Radwanski, E.R., Barczak, A.J., and Last, R.L. (1996). Characterization of tryptophan synthase alpha subunit mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol. Gen. Genet. 253, 353-361.
35. Reid, J.B. (1993). Plant hormone mutants. J. Plant Growth Regul. 12, 207-226.
36. Reid, J.B., and Howell, S.H. (1995). Hormone mutants and plant development. In Plant Hormones, P.J. Davies, ed (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers), pp. 448-485.
37. Schmidt, R.C., Müller, A., Hain, R., Bartling, D., and Weiler, E.W. (1996). Transgenic tobacco plants expressing the Arabidopsis thaliana nitritase II enzyme. Plant J. 9, 683-691.
38. Schneider, E.A., and Wightman, F. (1974). Metabolism of auxin in higher plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 25, 487-513.
39. Sembdner, G., Gross, D., Liebisch, H.-W., and Schneider, G. (1981). Biosynthesis and metabolism of plant hormones. In Hormonal Regulation and Development. I. Molecular Aspects of Plant Hormones, J. MacMillan, ed (Berlin: Springer-Verlag), pp. 281-444.
40. Sitbon, F., Edlund, A., Gardeström, P., Olsson, O., and Sandberg, G. (1993). Compartmentation of indole-3-acetic acid metabolism in protoplasts isolated from leaves of wild-type and IAA-overproducing transgenic tobacco plants. Planta 191, 274-279.
41. Stasinopoulos, T.C., and Hangarter, R.P. (1990). Preventing photochemistry in culture media by long-pass light filters alters growth of cultured tissues. Plant Physiol. 93, 1365-1369.
42. Thimann, K.V., and Mahadevan, S. (1964). Nitrilase. I. Occurrence, preparation, and general properties of the enzyme. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 105, 133-141.
43. Tsunoda, H., and Yamaguchi, K. (1995). The cDNA sequence of an auxin-producing nitrilase homologue in tobacco (accession no. D63331). Plant Physiol. 109, 339.
44. Valvekens, D., Van Montagu, M., and Van Lijsebettens, M. (1988). Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana root expiants by using kanamycin selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 5536-5540.
45. Wilson, A.K., Pickett, F.B., Turner, J.C., and Estelle, M. (1990). A dominant mutation in Arabidopsis confers resistance to auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid. Mol. Gen. Genet. 222, 377-383.
46. Wright, A.D., Sampson, M.B., Neuffer, M.G., Michalczuk, L., Slovin, J.P., and Cohen, J.D. (1991). Indole-3-acetic acid biosym thesis in the mutant maize orange pericarp, a tryptophan auxotroph. Science 254, 998-1000.
47. Zhao, J., and Last, R.L. (1995). Immunological characterization and chloroplast localization of the tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6081-6087.
48. Zhou, L., Bartel, B., and Thornburg, R. (1996a). Nucleotide sequence of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrilase 1 gene (accession no. U38845). Plant Physiol. 110, 337.
49. Zhou, L., Bartel, B., and Thornburg, R. (1996b). Nucleotide sequence of a pathogen-induced nitrilase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana: Nit2 (accession no. U47114). Plant Physiol. 110, 1048.
50. Zilversmit, D.B., Enterman, C., and Fisher, M.C. (1943). On the calculation of turnover rate from experiments involving the use of labeling agents. J. Gen. Physiol. 26, 325-331.