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85033171510
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2 group (see Ref. 17).
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46
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85033159194
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note
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Throughout this paper, the term "inhomogeneous" may read instead as "solvent-induced." In disordered systems at low temperatures, the former is rather specifically associated with the nonequilibrium distribution of the transition energy, which is indeed closely connected to the latter at high temperatures.
-
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47
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24444468650
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We used the program MOPAC Version 6 for the MNDO calculations; J. J. P. Stewart, MOPAC6.0, QCPE 455. For the semiempirical MNDO approximation; M. J. S. Dewar and W. Thiel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 4899 (1977).
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We used the program MOPAC Version 6 for the MNDO calculations; J. J. P. Stewart, MOPAC6.0, QCPE 455. For the semiempirical MNDO approximation; M. J. S. Dewar and W. Thiel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 4899 (1977).
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85033170182
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note
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5 torsion resulted in 174.3°.
-
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50
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3843151248
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We used the programs HONDO7 and GAMESS for the standard ab initio self-consistent field, SCRF, and S-CI calculations. HONDO7; M. Dupuis, J. D. Watts, H. O. Villar, and G. J. B. Hurst, HONDO Version 7.0, QCPE 544 (1987); Comput. Phys. Comm. 52, 415 (1989). GAMESS; M. W. Schmidt et al., J. Comput. Chem. 14, 1347 (1993). The corresponding orbital transformations and the subsequent calculations of the energy and dipole matrices and the exchange potentials are carried out with codes written to interface to the HONDO7 package.
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We used the programs HONDO7 and GAMESS for the standard ab initio self-consistent field, SCRF, and S-CI calculations. HONDO7; M. Dupuis, J. D. Watts, H. O. Villar, and G. J. B. Hurst, HONDO Version 7.0, QCPE 544 (1987); Comput. Phys. Comm. 52, 415 (1989). GAMESS; M. W. Schmidt et al., J. Comput. Chem. 14, 1347 (1993). The corresponding orbital transformations and the subsequent calculations of the energy and dipole matrices and the exchange potentials are carried out with codes written to interface to the HONDO7 package.
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52
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84893169025
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We used the programs HONDO7 and GAMESS for the standard ab initio self-consistent field, SCRF, and S-CI calculations. HONDO7; M. Dupuis, J. D. Watts, H. O. Villar, and G. J. B. Hurst, HONDO Version 7.0, QCPE 544 (1987); Comput. Phys. Comm. 52, 415 (1989). GAMESS; M. W. Schmidt et al., J. Comput. Chem. 14, 1347 (1993). The corresponding orbital transformations and the subsequent calculations of the energy and dipole matrices and the exchange potentials are carried out with codes written to interface to the HONDO7 package.
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85033181338
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note
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3 state.
-
-
-
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63
-
-
85033168067
-
-
note
-
0+1).
-
-
-
-
64
-
-
85033177893
-
-
note
-
1 states. As stated in the text, we employ the results obtained with 3.5 Å (i.e., more polarized ones) rather than those with a 4.0 Å radius.
-
-
-
-
65
-
-
85033181222
-
-
note
-
As expected generally, the ROHF approximation itself does not give quantitative dipole moment of excited states. (Compare the results in Table II.) It would be intriguing to see, however, that by mixing the nonorthogonal Slater determinants the adiabatic simulation results show the expected increase of the dipole moment of C120 upon photoexcitation. (See also Ref. 32.)
-
-
-
-
66
-
-
85033177547
-
-
note
-
-1. Because we treat the solute C120 as a rigid body, the computed excitation energy does not precisely correspond to the 0-0 excitation energy. Nonetheless, the rough estimate of the correction employed here would be enough for the present purpose.
-
-
-
-
72
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0000291225
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(c) J. Phys. Chem. 90, 1276 (1986).
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73
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36148995600
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Although the atomic charges over ± e in Table IV may appear too big, these cause essentially no problem in the present calculations because the physically relevant quantity is the net interaction potential summed over the solute atomic sites in Eq. (2.2) which is most adequately modeled by the ESP-derived charges. If one is to discuss details of each atomic charge, alternative methods such as the Natural Population Analysis [A. E. Reed, R. B. Weinstock, and F. Weinhold, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 735 (1985)] would be suitable. For semiempirical atomic charges of coumarin 1, see; P. K. McCarthy and G. J. Blanchard, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 12205 (1993).
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J. Chem. Phys.
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Reed, A.E.1
Weinstock, R.B.2
Weinhold, F.3
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74
-
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0346540824
-
-
Although the atomic charges over ± e in Table IV may appear too big, these cause essentially no problem in the present calculations because the physically relevant quantity is the net interaction potential summed over the solute atomic sites in Eq. (2.2) which is most adequately modeled by the ESP-derived charges. If one is to discuss details of each atomic charge, alternative methods such as the Natural Population Analysis [A. E. Reed, R. B. Weinstock, and F. Weinhold, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 735 (1985)] would be suitable. For semiempirical atomic charges of coumarin 1, see; P. K. McCarthy and G. J. Blanchard, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 12205 (1993).
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J. Phys. Chem.
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McCarthy, P.K.1
Blanchard, G.J.2
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0003474751
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Cambridge University Press, New York
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(d) for example, W. L. Press, B. P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W. T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1989).
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Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing
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Press, W.L.1
Flannery, B.P.2
Teukolsky, S.A.3
Vetterling, W.T.4
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79
-
-
85033174866
-
-
note
-
1 wave functions thus obtained is constructed to be diagonalized. The purpose of the first step is to characterize the solute polarization in terms of the fluctuation between the two bases. The second step could have been omitted for simplification if the transition properties such as the transition dipoles were not of major interest. (As an alternative option, our simulation code can directly handle the 4×4 Hamiltonian matrix constructed from the four diabatic bases. General an N×N description is also possible - besides the computational limitation - which will be presented elsewhere.)
-
-
-
-
80
-
-
33750587438
-
-
Cooling and equilibration runs were carried out prior to the production runs reported in the text. In the cooling run, the translational and angular velocities of the molecules are scaled to 298 K at every 3000 steps (=1.5 ps), which is repeated at least 20 times. Then, the equilibration run is performed for 30 ps by using the constant temperature method by Berendsen et al. to keep the kinetic temperature around 298 K. The relaxation time parameter of the method was set to be 0.4 ps, see H. J. C. Berendsen, J. P. M. Postma, W. F. van Gunsteren, A. Di Nola, and J. R. Haak, J. Chem. Phys. 81, 3684 (1984).
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J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.81
, pp. 3684
-
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Berendsen, H.J.C.1
Postma, J.P.M.2
Van Gunsteren, W.F.3
Di Nola, A.4
Haak, J.R.5
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81
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33751385900
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M. Tachiya, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 5911 (1993); M. Tachiya and M. Hilczer, in Ref. 3(a).
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J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.97
, pp. 5911
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Tachiya, M.1
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82
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33751385900
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-
in Ref. 3(a)
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M. Tachiya, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 5911 (1993); M. Tachiya and M. Hilczer, in Ref. 3(a).
-
-
-
Tachiya, M.1
Hilczer, M.2
-
83
-
-
85033169028
-
-
note
-
Although this behavior is seen in both the equilibrium and nonequilibrium distributions, the deviations from the Gaussian are very small. Therefore, it would be intriguing to pursue this issue for (some modelistic) systems with increased nonlinearity.
-
-
-
-
84
-
-
0001456049
-
-
Equation (3.5) is appreciated in the electron transfer context: M. Tachiya, J. Phys. Chem. 93, 7050 (1989); A. Yoshimori, T. Kakitani, Y. Enomoto, and N. Malaga, ibid. 93, 8316 (1989).
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J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.93
, pp. 7050
-
-
Tachiya, M.1
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85
-
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0000712771
-
-
Equation (3.5) is appreciated in the electron transfer context: M. Tachiya, J. Phys. Chem. 93, 7050 (1989); A. Yoshimori, T. Kakitani, Y. Enomoto, and N. Malaga, ibid. 93, 8316 (1989).
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J. Phys. Chem.
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, pp. 8316
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-
Yoshimori, A.1
Kakitani, T.2
Enomoto, Y.3
Malaga, N.4
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86
-
-
85033177733
-
-
note
-
The previous works which show a larger nonlinearity of methanol solvation deal with greater perturbations associated with ionizations, dipole creations, or dipole flips of spherical or diatomic solute. On the other hand, as in Refs. 9, 11, and 12, the linear response behavior has been observed for polyatomic solutes in which the changes in the charges are distributed.
-
-
-
-
87
-
-
0002458464
-
-
For a theory of nonlinear effects in polar solvation dynamics, see A. Yoshimori, Chem. Phys. Lett. 184, 76 (1991); J. Mol. Liq. 65/66, 297 (1995).
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Chem. Phys. Lett.
, vol.184
, pp. 76
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Yoshimori, A.1
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88
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3843067424
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For a theory of nonlinear effects in polar solvation dynamics, see A. Yoshimori, Chem. Phys. Lett. 184, 76 (1991); J. Mol. Liq. 65/66, 297 (1995).
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J. Mol. Liq.
, vol.65-66
, pp. 297
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89
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36849135354
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M. Lax, J. Chem. Phys. 20, 1752 (1952); R. Kubo and Y. Toyozawa, Prog. Theor. Phys. 13, 160 (1955).
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(1952)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.20
, pp. 1752
-
-
Lax, M.1
-
91
-
-
85033159610
-
-
note
-
t·e where e represents one of the polarization vectors of the emitting photon.
-
-
-
-
93
-
-
85033165302
-
-
note
-
-1.
-
-
-
-
94
-
-
85033181310
-
-
note
-
It would be of interest to compare with the water solvent. The oscillation in the TCF coming from the libration is seen more prominently and the libration peak band of the spectral density is relatively more intense for aqueous solutions. See Ref. 53, for example.
-
-
-
-
95
-
-
0003589741
-
-
Springer, New York
-
See, for example, R. Kubo, M. Toda, and N. Hashitsume, Statistical Physics II: Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics (Springer, New York, 1985); S. Kinoshita and Y. Kanematsu, in Advances in Multi-photon Processes and Spectroscopy, edited by S. H. Lin, A. A. Villaeys, and Y. Fujimura (World Scientific, Singapore, 1995), Vol. 9.
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(1985)
Statistical Physics II: Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics
-
-
Kubo, R.1
Toda, M.2
Hashitsume, N.3
-
96
-
-
3843081548
-
-
edited by S. H. Lin, A. A. Villaeys, and Y. Fujimura World Scientific, Singapore
-
See, for example, R. Kubo, M. Toda, and N. Hashitsume, Statistical Physics II: Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics (Springer, New York, 1985); S. Kinoshita and Y. Kanematsu, in Advances in Multi-photon Processes and Spectroscopy, edited by S. H. Lin, A. A. Villaeys, and Y. Fujimura (World Scientific, Singapore, 1995), Vol. 9.
-
(1995)
Advances in Multi-photon Processes and Spectroscopy
, vol.9
-
-
Kinoshita, S.1
Kanematsu, Y.2
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97
-
-
85033159510
-
-
note
-
I are classical quantities directly evaluated by the MD simulations.
-
-
-
-
99
-
-
84985609328
-
-
For a review on TICT, see, for example, W. Rettig, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 25, 971 (1986).
-
(1986)
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.
, vol.25
, pp. 971
-
-
Rettig, W.1
-
100
-
-
85033181896
-
-
note
-
5, etc.).
-
-
-
-
101
-
-
33750926031
-
-
and references therein
-
See, for example, A. J. Leggett, S. Chakravarty, A. Dorsey, M. P. A. Fisher, A. Garg, and W. Zwerger, Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, 1 (1987), and references therein.
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(1987)
Rev. Mod. Phys.
, vol.59
, pp. 1
-
-
Leggett, A.J.1
Chakravarty, S.2
Dorsey, A.3
Fisher, M.P.A.4
Garg, A.5
Zwerger, W.6
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