메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 255-260

Distinctive characteristics of germinal center B cells

Author keywords

Affinity maturation; Germinal center; Memory B cells; Phenotype; Somatic mutation

Indexed keywords

B LYMPHOCYTE; B LYMPHOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; GERMINAL CENTER; IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; MEMORY CELL; SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE; SHORT SURVEY; T LYMPHOCYTE;

EID: 0031214948     PISSN: 10445323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/smim.1997.0081     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (88)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0014943022 scopus 로고
    • Variability in the lambda light chain sequences of mouse antibody
    • 1. Weiget M, Cesari IM, Yonkovich SJ, Cohn M (1970) Variability in the lambda light chain sequences of mouse antibody. Nature 228:1045-1048
    • (1970) Nature , vol.228 , pp. 1045-1048
    • Weiget, M.1    Cesari, I.M.2    Yonkovich, S.J.3    Cohn, M.4
  • 2
    • 0024327901 scopus 로고
    • Stable expression and somatic hypermutation of antibody V regions in B-cell development pathways
    • 2. Kocks C, Rajewsky K (1989) Stable expression and somatic hypermutation of antibody V regions in B-cell development pathways. Annu Rev Immunol 7:537-559
    • (1989) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 537-559
    • Kocks, C.1    Rajewsky, K.2
  • 3
    • 0020562931 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of germinal centers in lymphoid tissue to immunologic memory. VI. Transfer of B cell memory with lymph node cells fractinated according to their receptors for peanut agglutinin
    • 3. Coico RF, Bhogal BS, Thorbecke GJ (1983) The relationship of germinal centers in lymphoid tissue to immunologic memory. VI. Transfer of B cell memory with lymph node cells fractinated according to their receptors for peanut agglutinin. J Immunol 131:2254-2257
    • (1983) J Immunol , vol.131 , pp. 2254-2257
    • Coico, R.F.1    Bhogal, B.S.2    Thorbecke, G.J.3
  • 4
    • 0030001674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunological memory and protective immunity: Understanding their relation
    • 4. Ahmed R, Gray D (1996) Immunological memory and protective immunity: understanding their relation. Science 272:54-60
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 54-60
    • Ahmed, R.1    Gray, D.2
  • 5
    • 0025601012 scopus 로고
    • The repertoire of somatic antibody mutants accumulating in the memory compartment after primary immunization is restricted through affinity maturation and mirrors that expressed in the secondary response
    • 5. Weiss U, Rajewsky K (1990) The repertoire of somatic antibody mutants accumulating in the memory compartment after primary immunization is restricted through affinity maturation and mirrors that expressed in the secondary response. J Exp Med 172:1681-1689
    • (1990) J Exp Med , vol.172 , pp. 1681-1689
    • Weiss, U.1    Rajewsky, K.2
  • 6
    • 0027373275 scopus 로고
    • In vivo CD40-gp39 interactions are essential for thymus-dependent humoral immunity. I. In vivo expression of CD40 ligand, cytokines and antibody production delineates sites of cognate of T-B cell interactions
    • 6. Alfons JM, Eertwegh VD, Noelle RJ, Roy M, Shepherd DM, Aruffo A, Ledbetter JA, Boersma WJA, Claassen E (1993) In vivo CD40-gp39 interactions are essential for thymus-dependent humoral immunity. I. In vivo expression of CD40 ligand, cytokines and antibody production delineates sites of cognate of T-B cell interactions. J Exp Med 178:1555-1565
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.178 , pp. 1555-1565
    • Alfons, J.M.1    Eertwegh, V.D.2    Noelle, R.J.3    Roy, M.4    Shepherd, D.M.5    Aruffo, A.6    Ledbetter, J.A.7    Boersma, W.J.A.8    Claassen, E.9
  • 7
    • 0026670190 scopus 로고
    • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. II. A common clonal origin for periarteriorlar lymphoid sheath-associated foci and germinal centers
    • 7. Jacob J, Kelsoe G (1992) In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. II. A common clonal origin for periarteriorlar lymphoid sheath-associated foci and germinal centers. J Exp Med 176:679-687
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.176 , pp. 679-687
    • Jacob, J.1    Kelsoe, G.2
  • 8
    • 0019231842 scopus 로고
    • The follicular dendritic cells, its role in antigen presentation in the generation of immunological memory
    • 8. Klaus GGB, Humphrey JH, Kunkel A, Dongworth DW (1980) The follicular dendritic cells, its role in antigen presentation in the generation of immunological memory. Immunol Rev 53:3-28
    • (1980) Immunol Rev , vol.53 , pp. 3-28
    • Klaus, G.G.B.1    Humphrey, J.H.2    Kunkel, A.3    Dongworth, D.W.4
  • 9
    • 0019231835 scopus 로고
    • The follicular dendritic cell: Long term antigen retention during memory
    • 9. Mandel TE, Phipps RP, Abbott A, Tew JG (1980) The follicular dendritic cell: long term antigen retention during memory. Immunol Rev 53:29-59
    • (1980) Immunol Rev , vol.53 , pp. 29-59
    • Mandel, T.E.1    Phipps, R.P.2    Abbott, A.3    Tew, J.G.4
  • 10
    • 0026703112 scopus 로고
    • The central role of follicular dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues
    • 10. Schriever F, Nadler LM (1992) The central role of follicular dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues. Adv Immunol 51:243-284
    • (1992) Adv Immunol , vol.51 , pp. 243-284
    • Schriever, F.1    Nadler, L.M.2
  • 11
    • 0029840392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T helper cell in murine germinal centers are antigen-specific emigrants that down-regulate Thy-1
    • 11. Zheng B, Han S, Kelsoe G (1996) T helper cell in murine germinal centers are antigen-specific emigrants that down-regulate Thy-1. J Exp Med 184:1083-1091
    • (1996) J Exp Med , vol.184 , pp. 1083-1091
    • Zheng, B.1    Han, S.2    Kelsoe, G.3
  • 12
    • 0026060620 scopus 로고
    • Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centers
    • 12. Jacob J, Kelsoe G, Rajewsky K, Weiss U (1991) Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centers. Nature 354:389
    • (1991) Nature , vol.354 , pp. 389
    • Jacob, J.1    Kelsoe, G.2    Rajewsky, K.3    Weiss, U.4
  • 13
    • 0025726702 scopus 로고
    • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. I. The architecture and dynamics of responding cell populations
    • 13. Jacob J, Kassir R, Kelsoe G (1991) In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. I. The architecture and dynamics of responding cell populations. J Exp Med 173:1165-1175
    • (1991) J Exp Med , vol.173 , pp. 1165-1175
    • Jacob, J.1    Kassir, R.2    Kelsoe, G.3
  • 14
    • 0028298229 scopus 로고
    • gp39-CD40 interactions are essential for germinal center formation and the development of B cell memory
    • 14. Foy TM, Laman JD, Ledbetter JA, Aruffo A, Claassen E, Noelle RJ (1994) gp39-CD40 interactions are essential for germinal center formation and the development of B cell memory. J Exp Med 157:157-163
    • (1994) J Exp Med , vol.157 , pp. 157-163
    • Foy, T.M.1    Laman, J.D.2    Ledbetter, J.A.3    Aruffo, A.4    Claassen, E.5    Noelle, R.J.6
  • 19
    • 0028790434 scopus 로고
    • CD40 ligand-transduced co-stimulation of T cells in the development of helper function
    • 19. van Essen D, Kikutani H, Gray D (1995) CD40 ligand-transduced co-stimulation of T cells in the development of helper function. Nature 378:620-623
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 620-623
    • Van Essen, D.1    Kikutani, H.2    Gray, D.3
  • 20
    • 0022556211 scopus 로고
    • Antigen-driven selection of vergin and memory B cells
    • 20. MacLennen ICM, Gray D (1986) Antigen-driven selection of vergin and memory B cells. Immunol Rev 91:61-85
    • (1986) Immunol Rev , vol.91 , pp. 61-85
    • MacLennen, I.C.M.1    Gray, D.2
  • 23
    • 0029052398 scopus 로고
    • Cellular interaction in germinal centers. Roles of CD40 ligand and B7-2 in established germinal centers
    • 23. Han S, Hathcock K, Zheng B, Kepler TB, Hodes R, Kelsoe G (1995) Cellular interaction in germinal centers. Roles of CD40 ligand and B7-2 in established germinal centers. J Immunol 155:556-567
    • (1995) J Immunol , vol.155 , pp. 556-567
    • Han, S.1    Hathcock, K.2    Zheng, B.3    Kepler, T.B.4    Hodes, R.5    Kelsoe, G.6
  • 24
    • 0028661071 scopus 로고
    • Lack of B7-2 expression in the germinal centers of aged mice
    • 24. Miller C, Kelsoe G, Han S (1994) Lack of B7-2 expression in the germinal centers of aged mice. Aging: Immunol Infect Dis 5:249-257
    • (1994) Aging: Immunol Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 249-257
    • Miller, C.1    Kelsoe, G.2    Han, S.3
  • 25
    • 0028983212 scopus 로고
    • H hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice
    • H hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice. J Immunol 155:3377-3384
    • (1995) J Immunol , vol.155 , pp. 3377-3384
    • Miller, C.1    Kelsoe, G.2
  • 26
    • 0030587934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The xid mutation diminishes memory B cell generation, but does not affect somatic hyper mutation and selection
    • 26. Ridderstad A, Nossal GJV, Tarlinton DM (1996) The xid mutation diminishes memory B cell generation, but does not affect somatic hyper mutation and selection. J Immunol 157:3357-3367
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 3357-3367
    • Ridderstad, A.1    Nossal, G.J.V.2    Tarlinton, D.M.3
  • 27
    • 0026331458 scopus 로고
    • Maturation of the immune response in germinal centers
    • 27. Berek C, Berger A, Apel M (1991) Maturation of the immune response in germinal centers. Cell 67:1121-1129
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 1121-1129
    • Berek, C.1    Berger, A.2    Apel, M.3
  • 28
    • 0027305024 scopus 로고
    • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of v region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells
    • 28. Jacob J, Przylepa J, Miller C, Kelsoe G (1993) In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of V region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells. J Exp Med 178:1293-1307
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.178 , pp. 1293-1307
    • Jacob, J.1    Przylepa, J.2    Miller, C.3    Kelsoe, G.4
  • 30
    • 0028128577 scopus 로고
    • Development of antibody diversity in single germinal centers: Selective expansion of high-affinity variants
    • 30. Ziegner M, Steinhauser G, Berek C (1994) Development of antibody diversity in single germinal centers: selective expansion of high-affinity variants. Eur J Immunol 24:2393-2400
    • (1994) Eur J Immunol , vol.24 , pp. 2393-2400
    • Ziegner, M.1    Steinhauser, G.2    Berek, C.3
  • 31
    • 0028785538 scopus 로고
    • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl IV. Affinity-dependent, antigen-driven B cell apoptosis in germinal centers as a mechanism for maintaining self-tolerance
    • 31. Han S, Zheng B, Dal Porto J, Kelsoe G (1995) In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl IV. Affinity-dependent, antigen-driven B cell apoptosis in germinal centers as a mechanism for maintaining self-tolerance. J Exp Med 182:1635-1644
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.182 , pp. 1635-1644
    • Han, S.1    Zheng, B.2    Dal Porto, J.3    Kelsoe, G.4
  • 32
    • 0029059370 scopus 로고
    • Soluble antigen can cause enhanced apoptosis of germinal-centre B cells
    • 32. Pulendran B, Kannourakis G, Nouri S, Smith KG, Nossal GJ (1995) Soluble antigen can cause enhanced apoptosis of germinal-centre B cells. Nature 375:331-334
    • (1995) Nature , vol.375 , pp. 331-334
    • Pulendran, B.1    Kannourakis, G.2    Nouri, S.3    Smith, K.G.4    Nossal, G.J.5
  • 33
    • 0029014435 scopus 로고
    • Antigen-induced B-cell death and elimination during germinal-centre immune responses
    • 33. Shokat KM, Goodnow CC (1995) Antigen-induced B-cell death and elimination during germinal-centre immune responses. Nature 375:334-338
    • (1995) Nature , vol.375 , pp. 334-338
    • Shokat, K.M.1    Goodnow, C.C.2
  • 34
    • 0029589915 scopus 로고
    • FAS is highly expressed in the germinal center but is not required for regulation of the B-cell response to antigen
    • 34. Smith KG, Nossal GJ, Tarlinton DM (1995) FAS is highly expressed in the germinal center but is not required for regulation of the B-cell response to antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:11628-11632
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 11628-11632
    • Smith, K.G.1    Nossal, G.J.2    Tarlinton, D.M.3
  • 35
    • 0029917123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human germinal center B cells express the apoptosis-inducing genes Fas, c-myc, p53, and Bax but not the survival gene bcl-2
    • 35. Martinez-Valdez H, Guret C, de Bouteiller O, Fugier I, Banchereau J, Liu YJ (1996) Human germinal center B cells express the apoptosis-inducing genes Fas, c-myc, p53, and Bax but not the survival gene bcl-2. J Exp Med 183:971-977
    • (1996) J Exp Med , vol.183 , pp. 971-977
    • Martinez-Valdez, H.1    Guret, C.2    De Bouteiller, O.3    Fugier, I.4    Banchereau, J.5    Liu, Y.J.6
  • 36
    • 0028675668 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 increases memory B cell recruitment but does not perturb selection in germinal centers
    • 36. Smith KGC, Weiss U, Rajewsky K, Nossal GJV, Tarlinton DM ( 1994) Bcl-2 increases memory B cell recruitment but does not perturb selection in germinal centers. Immunity 1:803-813
    • (1994) Immunity , vol.1 , pp. 803-813
    • Smith, K.G.C.1    Weiss, U.2    Rajewsky, K.3    Nossal, G.J.V.4    Tarlinton, D.M.5
  • 37
    • 0023892588 scopus 로고
    • Memory B cells in T cell-dependent antibody responses colonize the splenic marginal zones
    • 37. Liu YJ, Oldfield C, MacLennan ICM (1988) Memory B cells in T cell-dependent antibody responses colonize the splenic marginal zones. Eur J Immunol 18:355-362
    • (1988) Eur J Immunol , vol.18 , pp. 355-362
    • Liu, Y.J.1    Oldfield, C.2    MacLennan, I.C.M.3
  • 38
    • 0030070295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of B cells in the nonlymphoid tissue of the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    • 38. Schroder AE, Greiner A, Seyfert C, Berek C (1996) Differentiation of B cells in the nonlymphoid tissue of the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:221-225
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 221-225
    • Schroder, A.E.1    Greiner, A.2    Seyfert, C.3    Berek, C.4
  • 41
    • 0030460833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neoteny in lymphocytes: Rag-1 and Rag-2 expression in germinal center B cells
    • 41. Man S, Zheng B, Schatz DG, Spanopoulou E, Kelsoe G (1996) Neoteny in lymphocytes: Rag-1 and Rag-2 expression in germinal center B cells. Science 274:2094-2097
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 2094-2097
    • Man, S.1    Zheng, B.2    Schatz, D.G.3    Spanopoulou, E.4    Kelsoe, G.5
  • 42
    • 0030475466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reexpression of RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes in activated mature mouse B cells
    • 42. Hikida M, Mori M, Takai T, Tomochika K, Hamatani K, Ohmori H (1996) Reexpression of RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes in activated mature mouse B cells. Science 274:2092-2094
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 2092-2094
    • Hikida, M.1    Mori, M.2    Takai, T.3    Tomochika, K.4    Hamatani, K.5    Ohmori, H.6
  • 43
    • 0025301095 scopus 로고
    • RAG-1 and RAG-2, adjacent genes that synergistically activate V(D)J recombination
    • 43. Oettinger MA, Schatz DG, Gorka C, Baltimore D (1990) RAG-1 and RAG-2, adjacent genes that synergistically activate V(D)J recombination. Science 248:1517-1523
    • (1990) Science , vol.248 , pp. 1517-1523
    • Oettinger, M.A.1    Schatz, D.G.2    Gorka, C.3    Baltimore, D.4
  • 44
    • 0027296517 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of V(D)J recombination activator protein RAG-2 by phosphorylation
    • 44. Lin WC, Desiderio S (1993) Regulation of V(D)J recombination activator protein RAG-2 by phosphorylation. Science 260:953-959
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 953-959
    • Lin, W.C.1    Desiderio, S.2
  • 45
    • 0028939698 scopus 로고
    • + memory T cells contains preformed CD40 ligand that is rapidly but transiently expressed on their surface after activation through the T cell receptor complex
    • + memory T cells contains preformed CD40 ligand that is rapidly but transiently expressed on their surface after activation through the T cell receptor complex. J Exp Med 181:1293-1301
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.181 , pp. 1293-1301
    • Casamayor-Palleja, M.1    Kahn, M.2    MacLennan, I.C.M.3
  • 46
    • 0023161406 scopus 로고
    • Mutation drift and repertoire shift in the maturation of the immune response
    • 46. Berek C, Milstein C (1987) Mutation drift and repertoire shift in the maturation of the immune response. Immunol Rev 96:23-41
    • (1987) Immunol Rev , vol.96 , pp. 23-41
    • Berek, C.1    Milstein, C.2
  • 47
    • 0024802909 scopus 로고
    • Primary antibody-forming cells and secondary B cells are generated from separate precursor cell populations
    • 47. Linton PJL, Decker DJ, Klinman NR (1989) Primary antibody-forming cells and secondary B cells are generated from separate precursor cell populations. Cell 59:1049-1059
    • (1989) Cell , vol.59 , pp. 1049-1059
    • Linton, P.J.L.1    Decker, D.J.2    Klinman, N.R.3
  • 48
    • 0025868702 scopus 로고
    • Resolution and characterization of pro-B and pre-pro-B cell stages in normal bone marrow
    • 48. Hardy RR, Carmack CE, Sainton SA, Kemp JD, Hayakawa K (1991) Resolution and characterization of pro-B and pre-pro-B cell stages in normal bone marrow. J Exp Med 173:1213-1225
    • (1991) J Exp Med , vol.173 , pp. 1213-1225
    • Hardy, R.R.1    Carmack, C.E.2    Sainton, S.A.3    Kemp, J.D.4    Hayakawa, K.5
  • 49
    • 0028807328 scopus 로고
    • In situ studies of the germinal center reaction
    • 49. Kelsoe G (1995) In situ studies of the germinal center reaction. Adv Immunol 60:267-288
    • (1995) Adv Immunol , vol.60 , pp. 267-288
    • Kelsoe, G.1
  • 50
    • 0027478391 scopus 로고
    • Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells
    • 50. Tiegs SL, Russell DM, Namazee D (1993) Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells. J Exp Med 177:1009-1020
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 1009-1020
    • Tiegs, S.L.1    Russell, D.M.2    Namazee, D.3
  • 51
    • 0027499537 scopus 로고
    • Receptor editing: An approach by autoreactive B cells to escape tolerance
    • 51. Gray D, Saunder T, Camper S, Weigert M (1993) Receptor editing: an approach by autoreactive B cells to escape tolerance. J Exp Med 177:999-1008
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 999-1008
    • Gray, D.1    Saunder, T.2    Camper, S.3    Weigert, M.4
  • 52
    • 0027532192 scopus 로고
    • B lymphocytes may escape tolerance by revising their antigen receptors
    • 52. Radic MZ, Erikson J, Litwin S, Weigert M (1993) B Lymphocytes may escape tolerance by revising their antigen receptors. J Exp Med 177:1165-1173
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 1165-1173
    • Radic, M.Z.1    Erikson, J.2    Litwin, S.3    Weigert, M.4
  • 53
    • 0029164869 scopus 로고
    • Light chain replacement: A new model for antibody gene rearrangement
    • 53. Prak EL, Weigert M (1995) Light chain replacement: a new model for antibody gene rearrangement. J Exp Med 182:541-548
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.182 , pp. 541-548
    • Prak, E.L.1    Weigert, M.2
  • 54
    • 0029553058 scopus 로고
    • Immunoglobulin heavy chain replacement: A mechanism of receptor editing
    • 54. Chen C, Nagy Z, Prak EL, Weigert M (1995) Immunoglobulin heavy chain replacement: a mechanism of receptor editing. Immunity 3:747-755
    • (1995) Immunity , vol.3 , pp. 747-755
    • Chen, C.1    Nagy, Z.2    Prak, E.L.3    Weigert, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.