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Data protection bills introduced in the 104th US Congress included: (1) Medical Records Confidentiality Act of 1995 (S.1360, introduced by Sens. Bennett and Leahy; (2) Medical Privacy in the Age of New Technologies Act (HR.3482, introduced by Rep. McDermott); (3) Genetic Privacy and Nondiscrimination Act of 1995 (S.1416 and HR.2690, introduced by Rep. Stearns and Sen. Hatfield); and the Genetic Confidentiality and Nondiscrimination Act of 1996 (S.1898). Provisions of the Health Coverage Availability and Affordability Act of 1996 (see subtitle F, "Administrative Simplification"), passed in August 1996, mandate study of health care privacy and security issues by the Department of Health and Human Services. The Bennett-Leahy bill, styled as a reasonable middle ground between the status quo and highly protective bills such as McDermott's, proved unacceptable to both "pro-industry" and "pro-privacy" factions.
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