Positionality, tension, and instability in the UN Security Council

Global Governance

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 147-169

  Mc Carthy, Patrick A ^a,b  

^a EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031136251     PISSN: 10752846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/19426720-00302003     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Peter J. Fromuth, "The Making of a Security Community: The United Nations After the Cold War," Journal of International Affairs 46, no. 2 (1993): 365-366.
2. Robert Gilpin, War & Change in World Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
3. Ibid., p. 14.
4. Bruce Russett, Barry O'Neill, and James Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," Global Governance 2, no. 1 (1996): 65-80; Wolfgang Wagner, "Der ständige Sitz im Sicherheitsrat: Wer braucht wen: Die Deutschen diesen Sitz? Der Sicherheitsrat die Deutschen?" Europa Archiv 19 (1993): 533-540; Edward C. Luck and Tobi T. Gati, "Whose Collective Security?" Washington Quarterly (spring 1992): 45-46.
5. Bruce Russett, Barry O'Neill, and James Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," Global Governance 2, no. 1 (1996): 65-80; Wolfgang Wagner, "Der ständige Sitz im Sicherheitsrat: Wer braucht wen: Die Deutschen diesen Sitz? Der Sicherheitsrat die Deutschen?" Europa Archiv 19 (1993): 533-540; Edward C. Luck and Tobi T. Gati, "Whose Collective Security?" Washington Quarterly (spring 1992): 45-46.
6. Bruce Russett, Barry O'Neill, and James Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," Global Governance 2, no. 1 (1996): 65-80; Wolfgang Wagner, "Der ständige Sitz im Sicherheitsrat: Wer braucht wen: Die Deutschen diesen Sitz? Der Sicherheitsrat die Deutschen?" Europa Archiv 19 (1993): 533-540; Edward C. Luck and Tobi T. Gati, "Whose Collective Security?" Washington Quarterly (spring 1992): 45-46.
7. Jerzy Ciechanski, "Restructuring of the UN Security Council," International Peacekeeping 1, no. 4 (1994): 414.
8. Debra Lau, "Japan Backs Wider Expansion of UNSC," Daily Yomiuri, 10 February 1995, p. 3. See also "Statement to the United Nations' 50th General Assembly by H.E. Mr. Hisashi Owada, Representative of Japan, on item 47: Question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council and related matters," New York, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations, 13 November 1995.
9. "Statement by Ambassador Detlev Graf zu Rantzau, Permanent Representative of Germany to the United Nations, to the United Nations' 49th General Assembly. Agenda item 33: Question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council," New York, Permanent Mission of Germany to the United Nations, 13 October 1994.
10. Ciechanski, "Restructuring of the UN Security Council," p. 414.
11. These and various other observations reported below are based on interviews conducted in New York, 5-7 February 1996.
12. Takai Susumu, "Japan's Contribution to UN Peacekeeping," Social Science Japan 6 (1996): 7-10.
13. Anonymous interview of Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono, 24 April 1995 (http:// www.nttls.co.jp/infomofa/press/fm/interview.html#2).
14. "Statement by Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono at the 50th Session of the UN General Assembly," 26 September 1995 (http://www.nttls.co.jp/infomofa/press/fm/ 92850th. html).
15. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 54. See also Peter J. Katzenstein, "Culture, Norms, and Japanese Security," Social Science Japan 7 (August 1996): 9-11.
16. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 54. See also Peter J. Katzenstein, "Culture, Norms, and Japanese Security," Social Science Japan 7 (August 1996): 9-11.
17. Hella Pick, "Allies Resist German Push for Big-Power Seat at UN," Guardian, 25 September 1992, p. 8.
18. Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts vom 12. Juli 1994 zu Auslandseinsätzen der Bundeswehr (Bonn: Presse-& Informationsamt der Bundesregierung; Referat Außen-& Sicherheitspolitik, August 1994), pp. 15-16.
19. Rüdiger Moniac, "Deutsche Soldaten für Krisenfeuerwehr der UNO," Die Welt, 20 November 1995, p. 1.
20. Yehuda Z. Blum, "Russia Takes Over the Soviet Union's Seat at the United Nations," European Journal of International Law 3, no. 2 (1992): 354-361; Tad Daley, Russia's "Continuation" of the Soviet Security Council Membership and Prospective Russian Policies Toward the United Nations (Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand, 1992 [P-7778-RGS]).
21. Yehuda Z. Blum, "Russia Takes Over the Soviet Union's Seat at the United Nations," European Journal of International Law 3, no. 2 (1992): 354-361; Tad Daley, Russia's "Continuation" of the Soviet Security Council Membership and Prospective Russian Policies Toward the United Nations (Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand, 1992 [P-7778-RGS]).
22. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 41; Martin Walker, "France Plays Nuclear Card over UN Veto," Guardian, 11 June 1993, p. 24, and "United Nations: 'Big Five' Split Over Security Council Reforms," Inter Press Service, 3 August 1993, p. 6.
23. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 41; Martin Walker, "France Plays Nuclear Card over UN Veto," Guardian, 11 June 1993, p. 24, and "United Nations: 'Big Five' Split Over Security Council Reforms," Inter Press Service, 3 August 1993, p. 6.
24. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 41; Martin Walker, "France Plays Nuclear Card over UN Veto," Guardian, 11 June 1993, p. 24, and "United Nations: 'Big Five' Split Over Security Council Reforms," Inter Press Service, 3 August 1993, p. 6.
25. Robin Oakley, "Major Defends Trident," Times (London), 4 February 1992, p. 13.
26. UN Doc. A/48/264, pp. 90-91.
27. Walker, "France Plays Nuclear Card over UN Veto," p. 24.
28. UN Doc. A/48/264, pp. 91-92.
29. Walker, "France Plays Nuclear Card over UN Veto," p. 24.
30. Shigeo Masui, "Govt. Should Be More Open on Gaining Seat in UNSC," Daily Yomiuri, 26 October 1994, p. 15.
31. Interviews, New York, 5-7 February, 1996.
32. "G-7 Summit: Britain Starts to Bow Towards the Inevitable: Hurd and Major Give First Signs of Accepting German and Japanese Claims to Seats on UN Security Council," Independent, 9 July 1993, p. 10.
33. UN 50th Anniversary, Statement by British Prime Minister, John Major, to the Special Commemorative Meeting of the General Assembly on the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the United Nations, UN Headquarters, New York, 23 October 1995 (http://www.fco.gov.uk/current/1995/oct/23/major_statement-to-united-nations. txt).
34. "L'avenir des Nations Unies: Alain Juppé favorable à un droit de veto pour le Japon et l'Allemagne au Conseil de sécurité," Le Monde, 29 March 1994, p. 1.
35. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 18.
36. Ibid., p. 19. See also "China Calls for Prudence in Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 1 July 1993, p. 31; Li Jianxiong, "Nations Push for Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 8 October 1993, p. 9.
37. Ibid., p. 19. See also "China Calls for Prudence in Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 1 July 1993, p. 31; Li Jianxiong, "Nations Push for Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 8 October 1993, p. 9.
38. Ibid., p. 19. See also "China Calls for Prudence in Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 1 July 1993, p. 31; Li Jianxiong, "Nations Push for Security Council Reform," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 8 October 1993, p. 9.
39. "Statement by Deputy Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the United Nations, Yuri V. Fedotov, at the Meeting of the UN General Assembly on the Question of Equitable Representation and Expansion of the Security Council, November 15, 1995," New York, Russian Federation, Permanent Mission to the United Nations, Press Release no. 33, 16 November 1995 (unofficial translation).
40. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 82.
41. Ibid., p. 83.
42. "Statement by Ambassador Tono Eitel, Permanent Representative of Germany to the United Nations, to the United Nations' 50th General Assembly. Agenda Item 47: Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Related Matters," New York, Permanent Mission of Germany to the United Nations, 13 November 1995.
43. "Statement by Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono at the 50th Session of the UN General Assembly" (http://www.nttls.co.jp/infomofa/press/fm/92850th. html); "Statement to the United Nations' 50th General Assembly by H. E. Mr. Hisashi Owada, Representative of Japan, on Item 47: Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Related Matters," New York, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations, 13 November 1995; "Japan Calls for Reform of UNSC by September 1996," Kyodo News International Inc., 12 June 1995, p. 34.
44. "Statement by Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono at the 50th Session of the UN General Assembly" (http://www.nttls.co.jp/infomofa/press/fm/92850th. html); "Statement to the United Nations' 50th General Assembly by H. E. Mr. Hisashi Owada, Representative of Japan, on Item 47: Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Related Matters," New York, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations, 13 November 1995; "Japan Calls for Reform of UNSC by September 1996," Kyodo News International Inc., 12 June 1995, p. 34.
45. "Statement by Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono at the 50th Session of the UN General Assembly" (http://www.nttls.co.jp/infomofa/press/fm/92850th. html); "Statement to the United Nations' 50th General Assembly by H. E. Mr. Hisashi Owada, Representative of Japan, on Item 47: Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Related Matters," New York, Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations, 13 November 1995; "Japan Calls for Reform of UNSC by September 1996," Kyodo News International Inc., 12 June 1995, p. 34.
46. UN Doc. A/48/264, p. 83.
47. Leonard Doyle, "Hurd Warning Over 'Slide into Disorder': Foreign Secretary Backs Imperial UN and Defends Britain's Global Role to Justify Permanent Security Council Seat," Independent, 28 January 1993, p. 1.
48. George F. Ward, Jr., "The United States and the United Nations," address by the assistant secretary for international organizations at Chapman University, Orange County, California, 10 February 1995 (gopher://dosfan.lib.uic.edu:70/0F-1%3A19376%3A95/02/10).
49. Ibid.
50. Russett, O'Neill, and Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," pp. 65-80.
51. "Kohl Opposes Taking UNSC Seat Without Veto Power," Kyodo News Service, Japan Economic Newswire, 9 July 1993, p. 23. See also "Europe and the UN: Focal Points for German Foreign Policy," report marking the sixth anniversary of German unification, 3 October 1996 (http://www.auswaertiges-amt.government.de/ de/what_new/p960918a. htm).
52. "Kohl Opposes Taking UNSC Seat Without Veto Power," Kyodo News Service, Japan Economic Newswire, 9 July 1993, p. 23. See also "Europe and the UN: Focal Points for German Foreign Policy," report marking the sixth anniversary of German unification, 3 October 1996 (http://www.auswaertiges-amt.government.de/ de/what_new/p960918a. htm).
53. "Modalities for Bringing Change into Effect and Consideration of Related Charter Amendments," Statement by Ambassador Dr. Gerhard Henze, acting permanent representative of Germany to the United Nations, to the Open-Ended Working Group on the Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council, New York, Permanent Mission of Germany to the United Nations, 17 May 1994.
54. "L'avenir des Nations Unies," p. 1.
55. "Britain and France Reaffirm Support for Permanent Membership for Germany and Japan," Daily Yomiuri, 30 September 1994, p. 2.
56. See also Ciechanski, "Restructuring of the UN Security Council," pp. 413-431.
57. Russett, O'Neill, and Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," p. 71.
58. Dmitry Gornostayev, "Kozyrev Is Busy: Russian Foreign Minister Continues to Participate in UN General Assembly," Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 5 October 1994, p. 16.
59. UN Doc. A/48/264.
60. UN Doc. A/48/47, p. 2.
61. UN Doc. A/49/965.
62. Ibid., p.16.
63. UN Doc. A/49/47, p. 4.
64. Ibid., p. 5.
65. See UN Doc. A/49/965, p. 19.
66. Friederike Bauer, "Security Council Reform Will Wait," World Press Review 42, no. 6 (1995): 20.