Structural Consequences of Humanizing an Antibody

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 158, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 2192-2201

  Holmes, Margaret A ^a   Foote, Jefferson ^a,b,c  

^a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c Arnold and Mabel Beckham Foundation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN FRAGMENT; IMMUNOGLOBULIN FV; LYSOZYME;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; ANTIBODY COMBINING SITE; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; GENETICS; HUMAN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION; IMMUNOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MOUSE; MUTATION; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; PROTEIN ENGINEERING; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; X RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BINDING SITES, ANTIBODY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN FRAGMENTS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION; MICE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MURAMIDASE; MUTATION; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; PROTEIN ENGINEERING; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP;

EID: 0031091762     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Oi, V. T., S. L. Morrison, L. A. Herzenberg, and P. Berg. 1983. Immunoglobulin gene expression in transformed lymphoid cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 825.
2. Boulianne, G. L., N. Hozumi, and M. J. Shulman. 1984. Production of functional chimaeric mouse/human antibody. Nature 312:643.
3. Morrison, S. L., M. J. Johnson, L. A. Herzenberg, and V. T. Oi. 1984. Chimeric human antibody molecules: mouse antigen-binding domains with human constant region domains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:6851.
4. Neuberger, M. S., G. T. Williams, E. B. Mitchell, S. S. Jouhal, J. G. Flanagan, and T. H. Rabbitts. 1985. A hapten-specific chimaeric IgE antibody with human physiological effector function. Nature 314:268.
5. Wu, T. T., and E. A. Kabat. 1970. An analysis of the sequences of the variable regions of Bence Jones proteins and myeloma light chains and their implications for antibody complementarity. J. Exp. Med. 132:211.
6. Kabat, E. A., and T. T. Wu. 1971. Attempts to locate complementarity-determining residues in the variable positions of light and heavy chains. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 190:382.
7. Jones, P. T., P. H. Dear, J. Foote, M. S. Neuberger, and G. Winter. 1986. Replacing the complementarity-determining regions in a human antibody with those from a mouse. Nature 321:522.
8. Riechmann, L., M. Clark, H. Waldmann, and G. Winter. 1988. Reshaping human antibodies for therapy. Nature 332:323.
9. Hale, G., M. J. S. Dyer, M. R. Clark, J. M. Phillips, R. Marcus, L. Riechmann, G. Winter, and H. Waldmann. 1988. Remission induction in non-Hodgkin lymphoma with reshaped human monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-1H. Lancet 2:1394.
10. Winter, G., and W. J. Harris. 1993. Humanized antibodies. Immunol. Today 14: 243.
11. Stephens, S., S. Emtage, O. Vetterlein, L. Chaplin, C. Bebbington, A. Nesbitt, M. Sopwith, D. Athwal, C. Novak, and M. Bodmer. 1995. Comprehensive pharmacokinetics of a humanized antibody and analysis of residual anti-idiotypic responses. Immunology 85:668.
12. Chothia, C., and A. M. Lesk. 1987. Canonical structures for the hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins. J. Mol. Biol. 96:901.
13. Tramontano, A., C. Chothia, and A. M. Lesk. 1990. Framework residue 71 is a major determinant of the position and conformation of the second hypervariable region in the VH domains of immunoglobulins. J. Mol. Bioi 215:175.
14. Novotny, J., R. E. Bruccoleri, and E. Haber. 1990. Computer analysis of mutations that affect antibody specificity. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 7:93.
15. Foote, J., and G. Winter. 1992. Antibody residues affecting conformation of the hypervariable loops. J. Mol. Biol. 224:487.
16. Saul, F. A., and R. J. Poljak. 1993. Structural patterns at residue positions 9:18:67 and 82 in the VH framework regions of human and murine immunoglobulins. J. Mol. Biol. 230:15.
17. Padlan, E. A. 1991. A possible procedure for reducing the immunogenicity of antibody variable domains while preserving their ligand-binding properties. Mol. Immunol. 28:489.
18. Verhoeyen, M. E., C. Milstein, and G. Winter. 1988. Reshaping human antibodies: grafting an antilysozyme activity. Science 239:1534.
19. Eigenbrot, C., M. Randal, L. Presta, P. Carter, and A. A. Kossiakoff. 1993. X-ray structures of the antigen-binding domains from three variants of humanized anti-p185HER2 antibody 4D5 and comparison with molecular modeling. J. Mol. Biol. 229:969.
20. Eigenbrot, C., T. Gonzalez, J. Mayeda, P. Carter, W. Werther, T. Hotaling, J. Fox, and J. Kessler. 1994. X-ray structures of fragments from binding and nonbinding versions of a humanized anti-CD18 antibody: structural indications of the key role of VH residues 59 to 65. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 18:49.
21. Poljak, R. J., L. M. Amzel, H. P. Avey, B. L. Chen, R. P. Phizackerly, and F. Saul. 1973. Three-dimensional structure of the Fab′ fragment of a human immunoglobulin at 2.8 Å resolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70:3305.
22. Amit, A. G., R. A. Mariuzza, S. E. V. Phillips, and R. J. Poljak. 1986. Three-dimensional structure of an antigen-antibody complex at 2.8 Å resolution. Science 233:747.
23. Bhat, T. N., G. A. Bentley, T. O. Fischmann, G. Boulot, and R. J. Poljak. 1990. Small rearrangements in structures of Fv and Fab fragments of antibody D1.3 on antigen binding. Nature 347:483.
24. Fischmann, T. O., G. A. Bentley, T. N. Bhat, G. Boulot, R. A. Mariuzza, S. E. Phillips, D. Tello, and R. J. Poljak. 1991. Crystallographic refinement of the three-dimensional structure of the Fab D1.3-lysozyme complex at 2.5-Å resolution. J. Biol. Chem. 266:12915.
25. Bhat, T. N., G. A. Bentley, G. Boulot, M. I. Green, D. Tello, W. Dall'Acqua, H. Souchon, F. P. Schwarz, R. A. Mariuzza, and R. J. Poljak. 1994. Bound water molecules and conformational stabilization help mediate an antigen-antibody association. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:1089.
26. Fields, B. A., F. A. Goldbaum, X. Ysern, R. J. Poljak, and R. A. Mariuzza. 1995. Molecular basis of antigen mimicry by an anti-idiotope. Nature 374:739.
27. Braden, B. C., B. A. Fields, X. Ysern, F. A. Goldbaum, W. Dall'Acqua, F. P. Schwarz, R. J. Poljak, and R. A. Mariuzza. 1996. Crystal structure of the complex of the variable domain of antibody D1.3 and turkey egg white lysozyme: a novel conformational change in antibody CDR-L3 selects for antigen. J. Mol. Biol. 257:889.
28. Poljak, R. J., L. M. Amzel, B. L. Chen, R. P. Phizackerley, and F. Saul. 1974. The three-dimensional structure of the Fab′ fragment of a human myeloma immunoglobulin at 2.0 Å resolution. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 71:3440.
29. Kabat, E. A., T. T. Wu, H. Bilofsky, M. Reid-Milner, and H. Perry. 1983. Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 3rd Ed. U.S. Public Health Service, Washington, DC,
30. Epp, O., E. E. Lattman, M. Schiffer, R. Huber, and W. Palm. 1975. The molecular structure of a dimer composed of the variable portions of the Bence-Jones protein REl refined at 2.0 Å resolution. Biochemistry 14:4943.
31. Ward, E. S., D. Güssow, A. D. Griffiths, P. T. Jones, and G. Winter. 1989. Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from Escherichia coli. Nature 341:544.
32. Plückthun, A., and A. Skerra. 1989. Expression of functional antibody Fv and Fab fragments in Escherichia coli. Methods Enzymol. 178:497.
33. Riechmann, L., J. Foote, and G. Winter. 1988. Expression of an antibody Fv fragment in myeloma cells. J. Mol. Biol. 203:825.
34. Perkins, S. J. 1986. Protein volumes and hydration effects. Eur. J. Biochem. 157:169.
35. Imoto, T., L. S. Forster, J A. Rupley, and F. Tanaka, eds. 1972. Vertebrate lysozymes, In The Enzymes, 3rd Ed., Vol. 7. P. D. Boyer, ed. Academic Press, New York, pp. 665-868.
36. Hope, H. 1990. Crystallography of biological macromolecules at ultra-low temperature. Annu. Rev. Biophysics Biophys. Chem. 19:107.
37. Brunger, A. T. 1992. X-PLOR Manual, Version 3.1. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
38. Brunger, A. T. 1991. Solution of a Fab (26-10)/Digoxin complex by generalized molecular replacement. Acta Crystallogr. A 47:195.
39. Tronrud, D. E., L. F. TenEyck, and B. W. Matthews. 1987. An efficient general-purpose least-squares refinement program for macromolecular structures. Acta Crystallogr. A 42:489.
40. Laskowski, R. A., M. W. MacArthur, D. S. Moss, and J. M. Thornton. 1993. PROCHECK: a program to check the stereochemistry of protein structures. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 26:283.
41. Milner-White, E. J., B. M. Ross, R. Ismail, K. Belhadj-Mostefa, and R. Poet. 1988. One type of gamma-turn, rather than the other, gives rise to chain-reversal in proteins. J. Mol. Biol. 204:777.
42. McRee, D. E. 1992. A visual protein crystallographic software system for X11/ Xview. J. Mol. Graph. 10:44.
43. Giacovazzo, C. 1992. Crystallographic computing, in Fundamentals of Crystallography. C. Giacovazzo, ed. International Union of Crystallography, Oxford Universily Press, Oxford, pp. 61-140.
44. Luzzatti, P. V. 1952. Traitment statistique des erreurs dans la determination des structures cristallines. Acta Cristallogr. 5:802.
45. Colman, P. M., W. G. Laver, J. N. Varghese, A. T. Baker, P. A. Tulloch, G. M. Air, and R. G. Webster. 1987. Three-dimensional structure of a complex of antibody with influenza virus neuraminidase. Nature 326:358.
46. Bentley, G. A., G. Boulot, M.-M. Riottot, and R. J. Poljak. 1990. Three-dimensional structure of an idiotope-anti-idiotope complex. Nature 348:254.
47. Tello, D., E. Eisenstein, F. P. Schwarz, F. A. Goldbaum, B. A. Fields, R. A. Mariuzza, and R. J. Poljak. 1994. Structural and physicochemical analysis of the reaction between the anti-lysozyme antibody D1.3 and the anti-idiotopic antibodies E225 and E5.2. J. Mol. Recognit. 7:57.
48. Foote, J., and C. Milstein. 1994. Conformational isomerism and the diversity of antibodies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:10370.
49. Padlan, E. A., and D. R. Davies. 1975. Variability of three-dimensional structure in immunoglobulins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:819.
50. Lascombe, M.-B., P. M. Alzari, G. Boulot, P. Saludjian, P. Tougard, C. Berek, S. Haba, E. M. Rosen, A. Nisonoff, and R. J. Poljak. 1989. Three-dimensional structure of Fab R19.9, a monoclonal murine antibody specific for the p-azobenzenearsonate group. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:607.
51. Chothia, C., J. Novolny, R. Bruccoleri, and M. Karplus. 1985. Domain association in immunoglobulin molecules: the packing of variable domains. J. Mol. Biol. 186:651.
52. Lesk, A. M., and C. Chothia. 1982. Evolution of proteins formed by β-sheets. II. The core of the immunoglobulin domains. J. Mol. Biol. 160:325.
53. Bentley, G. A., T. N. Bhat, G. Boulot, T. Fischmann, J. Navazza, R. J. Poljak, M.-M. Riottot, and D. Tello. 1989. Immunochemical and crystallographic studies of antibody D1.3 in its free, antigen-liganded, and idiotope-bound states. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 54:239.
54. Carter, P., L. Presta, C. M. Gorman, J. B. B. Ridgway, D. Henner, W. L. Wong, A. M. Rowland, C. Kotts, M. E. Carver, and H. M. Shepard. 1992. Humanization of an anti-p185HER2 antibody for human cancer therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:4285.
55. Corti, A., E. Barbanti, P. R. Tempest, F. J. Carr, and F. Marcucci. 1994. Idiotope determining regions of a mouse monoclonal antibody and its humanized versions: identification of framework residues that affect idiotype expression. J. Mol. Biol. 235:53.
56. Sato, K., M. Tsuchiya, J. Saldanha, Y. Koishihara, Y. Ohsugi, T. Kishimoto, and M. M. Bendig. 1994. Humanization of a mouse anti-human interleukin-6 receptor antibody comparing two methods for selecting human framework regions. Mol. Immunol. 31:371.
57. Ohtomo, T., M. Tsuchiya, K. Sato, K. Shimizu, S. Moriuchi, Y. Miyao, T. Akimoto, K. Akamatsu, T. Hayakawa, and Y. Ohsugi. 1995. Humanization of mouse ONS-M21 antibody with the aid of hybrid variable regions. Mol. Immunol. 32:407.
58. Tempest, P. R., P. White, M. Buttle, F. J. Carr, and W. J. Harris. 1995. Identification of framework residues required to restore antigen binding during reshaping of a monoclonal antibody against the glycoprotein gB of human cytomegalovirus. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 17:37.
59. Xiang, J., Y. Sha, Z. Jia, L. Prasad, and L. T. J. Delbaere. 1995. Framework residues 71 and 93 of the chimeric B72.3 antibody are major determinants of the conformation of heavy chain hypervariable loops. J. Mol. Biol. 253:385.
60. Bajorath, J., L. Harris, and J. Novotny. 1995. Conformational similarity and systematic displacement of complementarity determining region loops in high resolution antibody X-ray structures. J. Biol. Chem. 270:22081.
61. Co, M. S., M. Deschamps, R. J. Whitley, and C. Queen. 1991. Humanized antibodies for antiviral therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:2869.
62. Saul, F. A., and R. J. Poljak. 1992. Crystal structure of human immunoglobulin fragment Fab NEW refined at 2.0 Å resolution. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 14:363.
63. Padlan, E. A. 1994. Anatomy of the antibody molecule. Mol. Immunol. 31:169.