Aspergillus fumigatus chsE: A gene related to CHS3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and important for hyphal growth and conidiophore development but not pathogenicity

Fungal Genetics and Biology

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 141-152

  Aufauvre Brown, Agnès ^a   Mellado, Emilia ^b   Gow, Neil A R ^c   Holden, David W ^a  

^a HAMMERSMITH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aspergillus fumigatus; Chitin synthase; Virulence

Indexed keywords

CHITIN; CHITIN SYNTHASE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; ASPERGILLOSIS; ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS; ASPERGILLUS NIDULANS; CONIDIOPHORE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA LIBRARY; FUNGAL GENETICS; FUNGUS GROWTH; GENE DISRUPTION; GENE ISOLATION; GERMINATION; GROWTH RATE; LUNG ASPERGILLOSIS; LYSIS; MOUSE; MYCELIUM; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESTRICTION MAPPING; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; SURVIVAL TIME; VIRULENCE;

ANIMALIA; ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS; EMERICELLA NIDULANS; FUNGI; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE;

EID: 0031080321     PISSN: 10871845     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/fgbi.1997.0959     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Beth Din, A., and Yarden, O. 1994. The Neurospora crassa chs-2 gene encodes a non-essential chitin synthase. Microbiology 140: 2189-2197.
2. Beth Din, A., Specht, C. A., Robbins, P. W., and Yarden, O. 1996. chs-4, a class IV chitin synthase gene from Neurospora crassa. Mol. Gen. Genet. 250: 214-222.
3. Borgia, P. T. 1992. Roles of the orlA tsE, and bimG genes of Aspergillus nidulans in chitin synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 174: 384-389.
4. Bowen, A. R., Chen-Wu, J. L., Momany, M. M., Young, R., Szaniszlo, J. P., and Robbins, P. W. 1992. Classification of fungal chitin synthases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 519-523.
5. Bulawa, C. E. 1993. Genetics and molecular biology of chitin synthesis in fungi. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 47: 505-534.
6. Bulawa, C. E., and Osmond, B. C. 1990. Chitin synthase I and chitin synthase II are not required for chitin synthesis in vivo in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 7424-7428.
7. Bulawa, C. E., Miller, D. W., Henry, L. K., and Becker, J. M. 1995. Attenuated virulence of chitin-deficient mutants of Candida albicans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 10570-10574.
8. Cabib, E., and Farkas, V. 1971. The control of morphogenesis: An enzymatic mechanism for initiation of septum formation in yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68: 2052-2056.
9. Cove, D. J. 1966. The induction and repression of nitrate reductase on the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 113: 51-56.
10. Cullen, D., Leong, S. A., Wilson, L. J., and Henner, D. J. 1987. Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans with the hygromycin resistance gene hph. Gene 57: 21-26.
11. Daniel, W. W. 1991. Hypothesis testing. In Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in Health Sciences, pp. 191-273. J Wiley, New York.
12. Devereux, J., Haeberli, P., and Smithies, O. 1984. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX Nucleic Acids Res. 12: 387-395.
13. Gold, S. E., and Kronstad, J. W. 1994. Disruption of two genes for chitin synthase in the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. Mol. Microbiol. 11:897-902.
14. Gow, N. A. R., Robbins, P. W., Lester, J. W., Brown, A. J., Fonzi, W. A., Chapman, T., and Kinsman, O. S. 1994. A hyphal-specific chitin synthase gene (CHS2) is not essential for growth, dimorphism, or virulence of Candida albicans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 6216-6220.
15. Holden, D. W., Kronstad, J. W., and Leong, S. A. 1989. Mutation in a heat regulated hsp70 gene of Ustilago maydis. EMBO J 8: 1927-1934.
16. Katz, D., and Rosenberger, R. F. 1971. Lysis of an Aspergillus nidulans mutant blocked in chitin synthesis and its relation to wall assembly and wall metabolism. Arch. Mikrobiol. 80: 284-292.
17. Markham, P., and Bainbridge, B. W. 1992a. Effect of restrictive conditions on the growth and morphology of a temperature-sensitive mannose-requiring mutant of Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 95: 115-120.
18. Markham, P., and Bainbridge, B. W. 1992b. Effect of choline deprivation on the growth, morphology and ultrastructure of a choline-requiring mutant in Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 90: 217-222.
19. Mellado, E., Aufauvre-Brown, A., Specht, C. A., Robbins, P. W., and Holden, D. W. 1995. A multigene family related to chitin synthase genes of yeast in the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Mol. Gen. Genet. 246: 353-359.
20. Mellado, E., Aufauvre-Brown, A., Gow, N. A. R., and Holden, D. W. 1996a. The Aspergillus fumigatus chsC and chsG genes encode class III chitin synthases with different functions. Mol. Microbiol. 20: 667-679.
21. Mellado, E., Specht, C. A., Robbins, P. W., and Holden, D. W. 1996b. Cloning and characterization of chsD, a chitin synthase-like gene of Aspergillus fumigatus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 143: 69-76.
22. Motoyama, T., Sudoh, M., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. 1994a. Isolation and characterization of two chitin synthase genes of Rhizopus oligosporus. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 58: 1685-1693.
23. Motoyama, T., Kojima, N., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. 1994b. Isolation of a chitin synthase gene (chsC) of Aspergillus nidulans. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 58: 2254-2257.
24. Nagahashi, S., Sudoh, M., Ono, N., Sawada, R., Yamaguchi, E., Uchida, Y, Mio, T., Takagi, M., Arisawa, M., and Yamada-Okabe, H. 1995. Characterization of chitin synthase 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Implication of two highly conserved domains as possible catalytic sites. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 13961-13967.
25. Orlean, P. 1987. Two chitin synthases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 5732-5739.
26. Pearson, W. R. 1990. Rapid and sensitive sequence comparison with FASTP and FASTA Methods Enzymol. 183: 63-98.
27. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. 1989. Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
28. Sampson, M. N., and Gooday, G. W. 1996. A novel chitinase assay using the fluorescent brightener Calcofluor white M2R. In Chitin Enzymology (R. A. A. Muzzarelli, Ed.), Vol. 2, pp. 227-234. Atec Edizioni, Grottammare.
29. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., and Coulson, A. R. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74: 5463-5467.
30. Smith, J. M., Tang, C. M., Van Noorden, S., and Holden, D. W. 1994. Virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus double mutants lacking restrictocin and an alkaline protease in a low-dose model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Infect. Immun. 62: 5247-5254.
31. Specht, C. A., Liu, Y., Robbins, P. W., Bulawa, C. E., Iartchouk, N., Winter, K. R., Riggle, P. J., Rhodes, J. C., Dodge, C. L., Gulp, D. W., and Borgia, P. T. 1996. The chsD and chsE genes of Aspergillus nidulans and their roles in chitin synthesis. Fungal Genet. Biol. 20: 153-167.
32. Tang, C. M., Cohen, J., and Holden, D. W. 1992. An Aspergillus fumigatus alkaline protease mutant constructed by gene disruption is deficient in extracellular elastase activity. Mol. Microbiol. 6: 1663-1671.
33. Wheat, R. W. 1966. Analysis of hexosamines in bacterial polysaccharides by chromatographic procedures. Methods Enzymol. 8: 60-78.
34. Yanai, K., Kojima, N., Takaya, N., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. 1994. Isolation and characterization of two chitin synthase genes from Aspergillus nidulans. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 58: 1828-1835.
35. Yarden, O., and Yanofsky, C. 1991. Chitin synthase 1 plays a role in cell wall biogenesis in Neurospora crassa. Genes Dev. 5: 2420-2430.