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Volumn 101, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1684-1699

Structural characterization of synthetic and protein-bound porphyrins in terms of the lowest-frequency normal coordinates of the macrocycle

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOMS; CALCULATIONS; CHARACTERIZATION; CHEMICAL BONDS; CLASSIFICATION (OF INFORMATION); CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; LATTICE VIBRATIONS;

EID: 0031078856     PISSN: 15206106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp963142h     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (390)

References (118)
  • 16
    • 5844360129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -1 for nickel(II) octaethylporphyrin [Ni(OEP)] (ref 28d). The comparison of the relative displacements of the macrocyclic atoms for this mode with the ruf deformation occurring in the X-ray crystal structures of the tetragonal crystalline forms of Ni(OEP) (ref 32) and nickel(II) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin [Ni(TPP)] (ref 34b) reveals that these relative displacements are almost identical.
  • 21
    • 5844322903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Γ), in which the symbol tr represents the trace of the matrix (sum of diagonal elements).
  • 26
    • 33748481964 scopus 로고
    • The nonbonded interactions consist of van der Waals and electrostatic terms. In our improved force field for metalloporphyrin (ref 13). the Lennard-Jones 12-6 type expression is used for describing van der Waals interactions except for hydrogen atoms for which the exponetial-6 type expression is used. The electrostatic (Coulomb) interactions result from monopole-monopole interactions of partial atomic charges (Rappé, A. K.; Goddard, W. A., III. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 3358). In calculating the electrostatic interactions for the charge distributions, the solvent dielectric constant was set to that of carbon disulfide (2.64). Furthermore, the masses used in the calculation for determining the non-mass-weighted atomic displacements of the normal-mode coordinates are for hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen atoms 1.008, 12.011, and 14.007 amu, respectively, and the masses of the metals Cu and Ni are 58.700 and 63.540 amu, respectively.
    • (1991) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.95 , pp. 3358
    • Rappé, A.K.1    Goddard III, W.A.2
  • 37
    • 0015238929 scopus 로고
    • (a) Hoard, J. L. Science 1971, 174, 1295.
    • (1971) Science , vol.174 , pp. 1295
    • Hoard, J.L.1
  • 41
    • 5844414650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -1 looks like a sombrero-type distortion in which the metal displacement and the tilting of the four pyrrole planes are out-of-phase. [Figure 12 in the paper from Li and co-workers (ref 28d) illustrates this type of distortion.] Thus, the main difference between these modes is the in-phase (doming) and out-of-phase (sombrero) motion of the metal with respect to the macrocyclic atoms. Considering only the 24-atom macrocycle. the static displacements of these atoms, however, are very similar; therefore, they represent almost the same macrocyclic deformation type.
  • 42
    • 5844384098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpublished results
    • (a) Ab inito calculations, Rohlfing, C.; Shelnutt, J. A. Unpublished results.
    • Rohlfing, C.1    Shelnutt, J.A.2
  • 46
    • 5844391670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -1) × (1.456 Å)], a value which is close to that observed one (32.8°) for the crystal structure of the tetragonal form of Ni(OEP) (refs 32, 26b).
  • 47
    • 5844347680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Γ are associated with the forces which are required to displace the macrocyclic atoms from their equilibrium configuration. Of course, the normal-mode frequencies vary depending on the nature of the peripheral substituents and the metal and axial ligands. These frequencies, however, change not because the forces within the macrocycle are significantly altered, but mainly because the masses, orientation, and nonbonding interactions of the attached substituents affect the frequencies.
  • 69
    • 5844373487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Generally, the mean positional error for the X-ray crystal structures of synthetic porphyrins in three dimensions is about 0.006 Å when the final conventional discrepancy factor (R-value) is 0.07. However, in one (out-of-plane) and two dimensions (in-plane), these errors are 0.0030 and 0.0047 Å, respectively, assuming a Gaussian-distributed probability density function for the deviations (see Appendix C of the Supporting Information).
  • 70
    • 5844416551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Eg(x). The displacements for the extended basis are given in the footnote of Table 2. Clearly, this distortion of the middle molecule of the Zn(P) trimer configuration is caused mainly by the localized axial metal-nitrogen interactions.
  • 78
    • 5844331387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The displacements were obtained by orienting the macrocycle with its peripheral substituents according to Figure 4 (panel A). The fifth ligand, histidine, is located above the mean plane. The resolution of the X-ray crystal structures and PDB reference codes are also given. 2HHB: refinement presenting the best estimate of the atomic coordinates, 1.7 Å (ref 54a). 3HHB: symmetry-averaged refinement, 1.7 Å (ref 54a). 4HHB: unrestrained refinement which are useful for statistical studies, 1.7 Å (ref 54a). 2HHD: 2.2 Å (ref 54b). IHGA: 2.1 Å (ref 54c). IHBB: low-salt crystal structure, 1.9 Å (ref 54d).
  • 94
    • 5844368213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The displacements were obtained by orienting the macrocycle with its peripheral substituents according to Figure 4 (panel C). Axial ligand, His-18, is located below the mean plane. The amino acid residues between the covalently bonded cysteines are Leu and Gln. The resolution of the X-ray crystal structures and PDB reference codes are also given. Wild type: 1.2 Å, ref 58a (1YCC). N52I: 1.9 Å, ref 58b (1CRH). N52I, C102T: 2.0 Å, ref 58b (1CRG). Y67F, C102T: 1.9 Å, ref 58c (1CTZ). Mutation Tyr-67 alters the local heme environment. F82Y, C102T: 2.0 Å, ref 58d (1CHH). L85M, C102T: 1.9 Å, ref 58e (1CSW). L85A, C102T: 1.9 Å, ref 58d (1CHJ). L85C, C102T: 1.8 Å, ref 58e (1CSU). L85F, C102T: 1.8 Å, ref 58e (1CSV). L94S, C102T: 1.9 Å, ref 58e (1CSX). R38A, F82S, C102A: 1.9 Å, ref 58f (1CIF). N52I, F82S, C102A: 1.8 Å, ref 58f (1CIE). N52I, Y67F, C102T: 2.1 Å, ref 58b (1CRJ). F82Y, L85A, C102T: 2.0 Å, ref 58d (1CHI). E21D, K22Q, P25A, H26N: 1.9 Å, ref 58g (1RAQ). E21D, K22Q, P25A, H26N: 2.3 Å, ref 58g (1RAP). R38A, N52I, F82S, C102A: 1.8 Å, ref 58f (1CIH).
  • 103
    • 5844365952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The displacements were obtained by orienting the macrocycle with its peripheral substituems according to Figure 4 (panel C). The resolution of the X-ray crystal structures and PDB reference codes are also given. Hildenb.: Desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain Hildenborough, 2.0-Å resolution, ref 65a (2CYM). Miyaz.: D. vulgaris, strain Miyazaki, 1.8-Å resolution, ref 65b (2CDV). ATCC: D. desulfuricans, strain ATCC 27 774, 1.75-Å resolution, ref 65c (2CYR). Norw.: D. desulfuricans, strain Norway, 1.7-Å resolution, ref 65d (2CY3).
  • 104
    • 5844374381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • oop,1 between the observed and simulated distortion is 0.034(19) Å for all heme groups.
  • 117
    • 5844403279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2 , His-43 (+), ref 69j (1FCB). Deoxy-myoglobin (1.7 Å): sperm whale, His (+), pH 6.0, ref 69k (1VXG).
  • 118
    • 5844373489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The total nonplanar distortions range from 0.3 to 0.8 Å, while the individual contributions vary from -0.5 to 0.6 Å for sad, -0.2 to 0.6 Å for ruf, -0.3 to 0.3 Å for dom, and -0.2 to 0.4 Å for the wav(x) and wav(y) deformations. Again, no significant pro deformation is observed because it requires a much greater expenditure of energy by the protein, and therefore much smaller deformation of this type is likely to be observed in the structures of the heme groups.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.