Graded amounts of Xenopus dishevelled specify discrete anteroposterior cell fates in prospective ectoderm

Mechanisms of Development

Volumn 61, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 113-125

  Itoh, Keiji ^a   Sokol, Sergei Y ^a  

^a BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

anteroposterior axis; morphogen; neural induction; organizer; Wnt

Indexed keywords

ACTIN; MESSENGER RNA; MORPHOGEN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL FATE; ECTODERM; EMBRYO; EMBRYO AXIS; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; GENE ACTIVITY; GENETIC REGULATION; NEUROECTODERM; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TISSUE INDUCTION; XENOPUS;

ACTINS; ADAPTOR PROTEINS, SIGNAL TRANSDUCING; ANIMALS; CARRIER PROTEINS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; EARLY GROWTH RESPONSE PROTEIN 2; ECTODERM; EMBRYONIC INDUCTION; FIBRONECTINS; FOLLISTATIN; GASTRULA; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; GENES, HOMEOBOX; GLYCOPROTEINS; GOOSECOID PROTEIN; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; MORPHOGENESIS; MUSCLES; NEURAL CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; PHOSPHOPROTEINS; PROTEINS; REPRESSOR PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; TUBULIN; WNT PROTEINS; XENOPUS LAEVIS; ZEBRAFISH PROTEINS;

EID: 0031056175     PISSN: 09254773     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0925-4773(96)00627-2     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. -1- mutants due to a defective anterior neuroectoderm specification during gastrulation. Development 121, 3279-3290.
2. Ang, S.-L., Jin, O., Rhinn, M., Daigle, N., Stevenson, L. and Rossant, J. (1996) A targeted mouse Otx2 mutation leads to severe defects in gastrulation and formation of axial mesoderm and to deletion of rostral brain. Development 122, 243-252.
3. Axelrod, J.D., Matsuno, K., Artavanis-Tsakonas, S. and Perrimon, N. (1996) Interaction between Wingless and Notch signaling pathways mediated by Dishevelled. Science 271, 1826-1832.
4. Blitz, I.L. and Cho, K.W.Y. (1995) Anterior neurectoderm is progressively induced during gastrulation: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene orthodenticle. Development 121, 993-1004.
5. Blumberg, B., Wright, C.V.E., De Robertis, E.M. and Cho, K.W.Y. (1991) Organizer-specific homeobox genes in Xenopus laevis embryos. Science 253, 194-196.
6. Bradley, L.C., Snape, A., Bhatt, S. and Wilkinson, D.G. (1992) The structure and expression of the Xenopus Krox-20 gene: conserved and divergent patterns of expression in rhombomeres and neural crest. Mech. Dev. 40, 73-84..
7. Christian, J.L. and Moon, R.T. (1993) Interactions between Xwnt-8 and Spemann organizer signaling pathways generate dorsoventral pattern in the embryonic mesoderm of Xenopus. Genes Dev. 7, 13-28.
8. Christian, J.L., McMahon, J.A., McMahon, A.P. and Moon, R.T. (1991) Xwnt8, a Xenopus Wnt-1/int-1-related gene responsive to mesoderm-inducing growth factors, may play a role in ventral mesodermal patterning during embryogenesis. Development 111, 1045-1055.
9. Christian, J.L., Olson, D.J. and Moon, R.T. (1992) Xwnt-8 modifies the character of mesoderm induced by bFGF in isolated Xenopus ectoderm. EMBO J. 11, 33-41.
10. Cox, W.G. and Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. (1995) Caudalization of neural fate by tissue recombination and bFGF. Development 121, 4349-4358.
11. Dominguez, I., Itoh, K. and Sokol, S.Y. (1995) Role of glycogen synthase kinase 3β as a negative regulator of dorsoventral axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 8498-8502.
12. Doniach, T. (1993) Planar and vertical induction of anteroposterior pattern during the development of the amphibian central nervous system. J. Neurobiol. 24, 1256-1275.
13. Doniach, T. (1995) Basic FGF as an inducer of anteroposterior neural pattern. Cell 83, 1067-1070.
14. Driever, W. and Nüsslein-Volhard, C. (1988) The bicoid protein determines position in the Drosophila embryo in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell 54, 95-104.
15. Durston, A.J., Timmermans, J.P.M., Hage, W.J., Hendriks, H.F.J., de Vries, N.J., Heideveld, M. and Nieuwkoop, P.D. (1989) Retinoic acid causes an anteroposterior transformation in the developing central nervous system. Nature 340, 140-144.
16. Dworkin-Rastl, E., Kelley, D.B. and Dworkin, M.B. (1986) Localization of specific mRNA sequences in Xenopus laevis embryos by in situ hybridization. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 91, 153-168.
17. Eyal-Giladi, H. (1954) Dynamic aspects of neural induction in amphibia. Arch. Biol. 65, 179-259.
18. Funayama, N., Fagotto, F., McCrea, P. and Gumbiner, B.M. (1995) Embryonic axis induction by the armadillo repeat domain of β-catenin: evidence for intracellular signaling. J. Cell Biol. 128, 959-968.
19. Gerhart, J., Doniach, T. and Stewart, R. (1991) Organizing the Xenopus organizer. In Keller, R., Clark, W. and Griffin, F. (eds.), Gastrulation, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 57-77.
20. Green, J.B.A. and Smith, J.C. (1990) Graded changes in dose of a Xenopus activin A homologue elicit stepwise transitions in embryonic cell fate. Nature 347, 391-394.
21. Green, J.B.A., Smith, J.C. and Gerhart, J.C. (1994) Slow emergence of a multithreshold response to activin requires cell-contact-dependent sharpening but not prepattern. Development 120, 2271-2278.
22. Gurdon, J.B., Harger, P., Mitchell, A. and Lemaire, P. (1994) Activin signalling and response to a morphogen gradient. Nature 371, 487-492.
23. Hamburger, V. (1988) The Heritage of Experimental Embryology: Hans Spemann and the Organizer, Oxford University Press, New York.
24. He, X., Saint-Jeannet, J.-P., Woodgett, J.R., Varmus, H.E. and Dawid, I.B. (1995) Glycogen synthase kinase-3 and dorsoventral patterning in Xenopus embryos. Nature 374, 617-622.
25. Heasman, J., Crawford, A., Goldstone, K., Garner-Hamrick, P., Gumbiner, B., McCrea, P., Kintner, C., Yoshida Noro, C. and Wylie, C. (1994) Overexpression of cadherins and underexpression of β-catenin inhibit dorsal mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos. Cell 79, 791-803.
26. Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. and Harland, R.M. (1989) Expression of an engrailed-related protein is induced in the anterior neural ectoderm of early Xenopus embryos. Development 106, 611-617.
27. Hemmati-Brivanlou, A. and Melton, D.A. (1994) Inhibition of activin receptor signaling promotes neuralization in Xenopus. Cell 77, 273-281.
28. Hemmati-Brivanlou, A., de la Torre, J.R., Holt, C. and Harland, R.M. (1991) Cephalic expression and molecular characterization of Xenopus En-2. Development 111, 715-724.
29. Hemmati-Brivanlou, A., Kelly, O.G. and Melton, D.A. (1994) Follistatin, an antagonist of activin, is expressed in the Spemann organizer and displays direct neuralizing activity. Cell 77, 283-295.
30. Holtfreter, J. (1934) Der Einfluss thermischer, mechanischer und chemischer Eingriffe auf die Induzierfähigkeit von Triton-Keimteilen. Roux Arch. Entw. Mech. 132, 225-306.
31. Hoppler, S. and Bienz, M. (1995) Two different thresholds of wingless signalling with distinct developmental consequences in the Drosophila midgut. EMBO J. 14, 5016-5026.
32. Isaacs, H.V., Tannahill, D. and Slack, J.M.W. (1992) Expression of a novel FGF in the Xenopus embryo. A new candidate inducing factor for mesoderm formation and anteroposterior specification. Development 114, 711-720.
33. Isaacs, H.V., Pownall, M.E. and Slack, J.M.W. (1994) eFGF regulates Xbra expression during Xenopus gastrulation. EMBO J. 13, 4469-4481.
34. Itoh, K., Tang, T.L., Neel, B.G. and Sokol, S.Y. (1995) Specific modulation of ectodermal cell fates in Xenopus embryos by glycogen synthase kinase. Development 121, 3979-3988.
35. Kengaku, M. and Okamoto, H. (1995) bFGF as a possible morphogen for the anteroposterior axis of the central nervous system in Xenopus. Development 121, 3121-3130.
36. Kintner, C.R. and Melton, D.A. (1987) Expression of Xenopus N-CAM RNA in ectoderm is an early response to neural induction. Development 99, 311-325.
37. Klingensmith, J., Nusse, R., and Perrimon, N. (1994) The Drosophila segment polarity gene dishevelled encodes a novel protein required for response to the wingless signal. Genes Dev. 8, 118-130.
38. Krasnow, R.E., Wong, L.L. and Adler, P.N. (1995) dishevelled is a component of the frizzled signaling pathway in Drosophila. Development 121, 4095-4102.
39. Krieg, P.A. and Melton, D.A. (1984) Functional messenger RNAs are produced by SP6 in vitro transcription of cloned cDNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 7057-7070.
40. Krieg, P.A. and Melton, D.A. (1985) Developmental regulation of a gastrula specific gene injected into fertilized Xenopus eggs. EMBO J. 4, 3463-3471.
41. Krieg, P., Varnum, S., Wormington, W.M. and Melton, D.A. (1989) The mRNA encoding elongation factor 1-α (EF-1α) is a major transcript at the midblastula transition in Xenopus. Dev. Biol. 133, 93-100.
42. Ku, M, and Melton, D.A. (1993) Xwnt-11: a maternally expressed Xenopus wnt gene. Development 119, 1161-1173.
43. Lamb, T.M. and Harland, R.M. (1995) Fibroblast growth factor is a direct neural inducer, which combined with noggin generates anterior-posterior neural pattern. Development 121, 3627-3636.
44. Lamb, T.M., Knecht, A.K., Smith, W.C., Stachel, S.E., Economides, A.N., Stahl, N., Yancopolous, G.D. and Harland, R.M. (1993) Neural induction by the secreted polypeptide noggin. Science 262, 713-718.
45. Lemaire, P. and Gurdon, J.B. (1994) A role for cytoplasmic determinants in mesoderm patterning: cell-autonomous activation of the goosecoid and Xwnt-8 genes along the dorsoventral axis of early Xenopus embryos. Development 120, 1191-1199.
46. Matsuo, I., Kuratani, S., Kimura, C., Takeda, N. and Aizawa, S. (1995) Mouse Otx2 functions in the formation and patterning of rostral head. Genes Dev. 9, 2646-2658.
47. McGrew, L.L., Lai, C.-J. and Moon, R.T. (1995) Specification of the anteroposterior neural axis through synergistic interaction of the Wnt signaling cascade with noggin and follistatin. Dev. Biol. 172, 337-342.
48. McMahon, A.P, (1992) The Wnt-family of developmental regulators. Trends Genet. 8, 236-242.
49. Musci, T.J., Amaya, E. and Kirschner, M.W. (1990) Regulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor in early Xenopus embryos. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8365-8369.
50. Newport, J. and Kirschner, M. (1982) A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: I. Characterization and timing of cellular changes at the midblastula stage. Cell 30, 675-686.
51. Niehrs, C., Steinbeisser, H. and De Robertis, E.M. (1994) Mesodermal patterning by a gradient of the vertebrate homeobox gene goosecoid. Science 263, 817-820.
52. Nieuwkoop, P.D. (1952) Activation and organization of the central nervous system in amphibians. J. Exp. Zool. 120, 1-108.
53. Nieuwkoop, P.D. and Faber, J. (1967) Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin), North Holland, Amsterdam, Holland.
54. Pannese, M., Polo, C., Andreazzoli, M., Vignali, R., Kablar, B., Barsacchi, G. and Boncinelli, E. (1995) The Xenopus homologue of Otx2 is a maternal homeobox gene that demarcates and specifies anterior body regions. Development 121, 707-720.
55. Perrimon, N. (1994) The genetic basis of patterned baldness in Drosophila. Cell 76, 781-784.
56. Pierce, S.B. and Kimelman, D. (1995) Regulation of Spemann organizer formation by the intracellular kinase Xgsk-3. Development 121, 755-765.
57. Pierce, S.B. and Kimelman, D. (1996) Overexpression of Xgsk-3 disrupts anterior ectodermal patterning in Xenopus. Dev. Biol. 175, 256-264.
58. Richter, K., Grunz, H. and Dawid, I.B. (1988) Gene expression in the embryonic nervous system of Xenopus laevis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 8086-8090.
59. Roth, S., Stein, D. and Nüsslein-Volhard, C. (1989) A gradient of nuclear localization of the dorsal protein determines dorsoventral pattern in the Drosophila embryo. Cell 59, 1189-1202.
60. Ruel, L., Bourouis, M., Heitzler, P., Pantesco, V. and Simpson, P. (1993) Drosophila shaggy kinase and rat glycogen synthase kinase-3 have conserved activities and act downstream of Notch. Nature 362, 557-560.
61. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
62. Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser, H., Geissert, D., Gont, L.K. and De Robertis, E.M. (1994) Xenopus chordin: a novel dorsalizing factor activated by organizer-specific homeobox genes. Cell 79, 779-790.
63. Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser, H. and De Robertis, E.M. (1995) Regulation of neural induction by the Chd and Bmp-4 antagonistic patterning signals in Xenopus. Nature 376, 333-336.
64. Sharpe, C.R., Pluck, A. and Gurdon, J.B. (1989) XIF3, a Xenopus peripherin gene, requires an inductive signal for enhanced expression in anterior neural tissue. Development 107, 701-714.
65. Shih, J. and Keller, R. (1992) The epithelium of the dorsal marginal zone of Xenopus has organizer properties. Development 116, 887-899.
66. Sive, H.L., Hattori, K. and Weintraub, H. (1989) Progressive determination during formation of the anteroposterior axis in Xenopus laevis. Cell 58, 171-180.
67. Slack, J.M.W. (1991) From Egg to Embryo: Regional Specification in Early Development, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
68. Slack, J.M.W. and Tannahill, D. (1992) Mechanism of anteroposterior axis specification in vertebrates. Lessons from the amphibians. Development 114, 285-302.
69. Smith, W.C. and Harland, R.M. (1992) Expression cloning of noggin, a new dorsalizing factor localized to the Spemann organizer in Xenopus embryos. Cell 70, 829-840.
70. Smith, J.C., Yaqoob, M. and Symes, K. (1988) Purification, partial characterization and biological effects of the XTC mesoderm inducing factor. Development 103, 591-600.
71. Smith, J.C., Price, B.M.J., Green, J.B.A., Weigel, D. and Herrmann, B.G. (1991) Expression of a Xenopus homolog of brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction. Cell 67, 79-87.
72. Smith, W.C., McKendry, R., Ribisi, Jr., S. and Harland, R.M. (1995) A nodal-related gene defines a physical and functional domain within the Spemann organizer. Cell 82, 37-46.
73. Sokol, S.Y. (1993) Mesoderm formation in Xenopus ectodermal explants overexpressing Xwnt8: evidence for a cooperating signal reaching the animal pole by gastrulation. Development 118, 1335-1342.
74. Sokol, S.Y. and Melton, D.A. (1992) Interaction of Wnt and activin in dorsal mesoderm induction in Xenopus. Dev. Biol. 154, 348-355.
75. Sokol, S., Wong, G.G. and Melton, D.A. (1990) A mouse macrophage factor induces head structures and organizes a body axis in Xenopus. Science 249, 561-564.
76. Sokol, S., Christian, J.L., Moon, R.T. and Melton, D.A. (1991) Injected Wnt RNA induces a complete body axis in Xenopus embryos. Cell 67, 741-752.
77. Sokol, S.Y., Klingensmith, J., Perrimon, N. and Itoh, K. (1995) Dorsalizing and neuralizing properties of Xdsh, a maternally expressed Xenopus homolog of dishevelled. Development 121, 1637-1647.
78. Song, J. and Slack, J.M.W. (1994) Spatial and temporal expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) mRNA and protein in early Xenopus development. Mech. Dev. 48, 141-151.
79. Spemann, H. (1938) Embryonic Development and Induction, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
80. Stewart, R.M. and Gerhart, J.C. (1990) The anterior extent of dorsal development of the Xenopus embryonic axis depends on the quality of organizer in the late blastula. Development 109, 363-372.
81. Stutz, F. and Spohr, G. (1986) Isolation and characterization of sarcomic actin genes expressed in Xenopus laevis embryogenesis. J. Mol. Biol. 187, 349-361.
82. Symes, K., Yordán, C. and Mercola, M. (1994) Morphological differences in Xenopus embryonic mesodermal cells are specified as an early response to distinct threshold concentrations of activin. Development 120, 2339-2346.
83. Taira, M., Jamrich, M., Good, P.J., and Dawid, I.B. (1992) The LIM domain-containing homeobox gene Xlim-1 is expressed specifically in the organizer region of Xenopus gastrula embryos. Genes Dev. 6, 356-366.
84. Takada, S., Stark, K.L., Shea, M.J., Vassileva, G., McMahon, J.A. and McMahon, A.P. (1994) Wnt-3a regulates somite and tailbud formation in the mouse embryo. Genes Dev. 8, 174-189.
85. Tannahill, D., Isaacs, H.V., Close, M.J., Peters, G. and Slack, J.M.W. (1992) Developmental expression of the Xenopus int-2 (FGF-3) gene: activation by mesodermal and neural induction. Development 115, 695-702.
86. Theisen, H., Purcell, J., Bennett, M., Kansagara, D., Syed, A. and Marsh, J.L. (1994) dishevelled is required during wingless signaling to establish both cell polarity and cell identity. Development 120, 347-360.
87. Toivonen, S. and Saxén, L. (1955) The simultaneous inducing action of liver and bone-marrow of the guinea-pig in implantation and explantation experiments with embryos of Triturus. Exp. Cell Res. Suppl. 3, 346-357.
88. Turner, D.L. and Weintraub, H. (1994) Expression of achaete-scute homolog 3 in Xenopus embryos converts ectodermal cells to a neural fate. Genes Dev. 8, 1434-1447.
89. Vodicka, M.A. and Gerhart, J.C. (1995) Blastomere derivation and domains of gene expression in the Spemann Organizer of Xenopus laevis. Development 121, 3505-3518.
90. Wilson, P.A. and Melton, D.A. (1994) Mesodermal patterning by an inducer gradient depends on secondary cell-cell communication. Curr. Biol. 4, 676-686.
91. Woodland, H.R. and Jones, E.A. (1988) Mesoderm induction in the future tail region of Xenopus. Roux's Arch. Dev. Biol. 197, 441-446.
92. Wright, C.V.E., Morita, E.A., Wilkin, D.J. and De Robertis, E.M. (1990) The Xenopus X1Hbox 6 homeo protein, a marker of posterior neural induction, is expressed in proliferating neurons. Development 109, 225-234.
93. Yanagawa, S.-i., van Leeuwen, F., Wodarz, A., Klingensmith, J. and Nusse, R. (1995) The Dishevelled protein is modified by Wingless signaling in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 9, 1087-1097.