The medullary raphe nuclei: A system for integration and gain control in autonomic and somatomotor responsiveness?

Experimental Physiology

Volumn 82, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 31-41

  Lovick, T A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR;

ADAPTATION; ANALGESIA; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT FUNCTION; MOTOR CONTROL; NERVE FIBER GROWTH; NERVE PROJECTION; NONHUMAN; PANCREAS SECRETION; RAPHE NUCLEUS; REFLEX ARC; RESPIRATION CONTROL; REVIEW; SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM; SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN; STOMACH MOTILITY;

EID: 0031018372     PISSN: 09580670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004013     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. ALLEN, G. V. & CECHETTO, D. F. (1994). Serotonergic and nonserotonergic neurons in the medullary raphe system have axon collateral projections to autonomic and somatic cell groups in the medulla and spinal cord. Journal of Comparative Neurology 350, 357-366.
2. AUERBACH, S., FORNAL, C. & JACOBS, B. L. (1985). Responses of serotonin-containing neurons in nucleus raphe magnus to morphine, noxious stimuli, and periaqueductal gray stimulation in freely moving cats. Experimental Neurology 88, 609-628.
3. BACON, S., ZAGON, A. & SMITH, A. D. (1990). Electron microscopic evidence of a monosynaptic pathway between cells in the caudal raphé nuclei and sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat spinal cord. Experimental Brain Research 79, 589-602.
4. BLAIR, R. W. & EVANS, A. R. (1993). Effects of anesthetic agents on somatosensory responses of raphespinal neurons in the cat. Neuroscience Letters 162, 133-136.
5. DAMICO, M., BERRINO, L., PIZZUROSO, A., DENOVELLIS, V. & ROSSI, F. (1996). Opposing effects on blood pressure following the activation of metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors in raphe obscurus in the anaesthetized rat. Naunyn-Schmeidebergs Archives of Pharmacology 353, 302-305.
6. DAMPNEY, R. A. L. (1994). Functional organization of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system. Physiological Reviews 74, 323-364.
7. ERICKSON, J. T. & MILLHORN, D. E. (1991). Fos-like protein is induced in neurons of the medulla oblongata after stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve in awake and anesthetized rats. Brain Research 567, 11-24.
8. FORNAL, C., AUERBACH, S. & JACOBS, B. L. (1985). Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in nucleus raphe magnus in freely moving cats. Experimental Neurology 88, 590-608.
9. HEYM, J., STEINFELS, G. F. & JACOBS, B. L. (1982). Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in the nucleus raphe pallidus of freely moving cats. Brain Research 251, 259-276.
10. HORNBY, P. J., ROSSITER, C. D., WHITE, R. L., NORMAN, W. P., KUHN, D. H. & GILLIS, R. A. (1990). Medullary raphe: a new site for vagally mediated stimulation of gastric motility in cats. American Journal of Physiology 258, G637-647.
11. INUI, K., MURASE, S. & NOSAKA, S. (1994). Facilitation of the arterial baroreflex by the ventrolateral part of the midbrain periaqueductal grey matter in rats. Journal of Physiology 477, 89-101.
12. JACOBS, B. L. & AZMITIA, E. C. (1992). Structure and function of the brain serotonin system. Physiological Reviews 72, 165-229.
13. JACOBS, B. L. & FORNAL, C. A. (1993). 5-HT and motor control: a hypothesis. Trends in Neurosciences 16, 346-352.
14. KANEKO, H., YANG, H., OHNING, G. & TACHÉ, Y. (1995). Medullary TRH is involved in gastric protection induced by low dose of kainic acid into the raphe pallidus. American Journal of Physiology 268, G548-552.
15. KROWICKI, Z. K. & HORNBY, P. J. (1995). The nucleus raphe obscurus controls pancreatic hormone secretion in the rat. American Journal of Physiology 268, E1128-1134.
16. LEANZA, G., PEREZ, S., PELLITTERI, R., RUSSO, A. & STANZANI, S. (1995). Branching serotonergic and non-serotonergic projections from caudal brainstem to the medial preoptic area and the lumbar spinal cord, in the rat. Neuroscience Letters 200, 5-8.
17. LING, L., BACH, K. B. & MITCHELL, G. S. (1994). Serotonin reveals ineffective spinal pathways to contralateral phrenic motoneurons in spinally hemisected rats. Experimental Brain Research 101, 35-43.
18. LOVICK, T. A. & ROBINSON, J. P. (1983). Bulbar raphe neurones with projections to the trigeminal nucleus caudalis and the lumbar cord in the rat: a fluorescence double-labelling study. Experimental Brain Research 50, 299-308.
19. MCCALL, R. B. & AGHAJANIAN, G. K. (1979). Serotonergic facilitation of facial motoneuron excitation. Brain Research 169, 11-27.
20. MILLHORN, D. E. (1986). Stimulation of raphe (obscurus) nucleus causes long-term potentiation of phrenic nerve activity in the cat. Journal of Physiology 381, 169-179.
21. MOHAMMED, J. R., SASKA, T. A., CHI, J. & STEPHENS, R. L. (1995). Stimulation of the nucleus raphe obseurus produces marked serotonin release into the dorsal medulla of fed but not fasted rats -glutamatergic dependence. Brain Research 695, 100-103.
22. MONTAGNE-CLAVEL, J. & OLIVERAS, J.-L. (1994). Are ventromedial medulla neuronal properties modified by chronic peripheral inflammation? A single-unit study in the awake, freely moving polyarthritic rat. Brain Research 657, 92-104.
23. OLIVERAS, J.-L., MONTAGNE-CLAVEL, J. & MARTIN, G. (1991). Drastic changes of ventromedial medulla neuronal properties induced by barbiturate anesthesia. 1. Comparison of the single-unit types in the same awake and pentobarbital-treated rats. Brain Research 563, 241-250.
24. OLIVERAS, J.-L., REDJEMI, F., GUILBAUD, G. & BESSON, J. M. (1975). Analgesia induced by electrical stimulation of the inferior centralis nucleus of the raphe in the cat. Pain 1, 139-145.
25. OLIVERAS, J.-L., VOS, B., MARTIN, G. & MONTAGNE, J. (1989). Electrophysiological properties of ventromedial medulla neurons in response to noxious and non-noxious stimuli in the awake, freely moving rat: single-unit study. Brain Research 486, 1-14.
26. RINAMAN, L., VERBALIS, J. G., STRICKER, E. M. & HOFFMAN, G. E. (1993). Distribution and neurochemical phenotypes of caudal medullary neurons activated to express cFos following peripheral administration of cholecystokinin. Journal of Comparative Neurology 338, 475-490.
27. ROBERTS, M. H. T., DAVIES, M., GIRDLESTONE, D. & FOSTER, G. A. (1988). Effects of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine agonists and antagonists on the responses of rat spinal motorneurones to raphe obscurus stimulation. British Journal of Pharmacology 95, 437-488.
28. SCHENBERG, L. C. & LOVICK, T. A. (1995). Attenuation of midbrain-evoked defense reaction by selective stimulation of medullary raphe neurons in rats. American Journal of Physiology 269, R1378-1389.
29. VEASEY, S. C., FORNAL, C. A., METZLER, C. W. & JACOBS, B. L. (1995). Response of serotonergic caudal raphe neurons in relation to specific motor activities in freely moving cats. Journal of Neuroscience 15, 5346-5359.
30. WIKLUND, L., LÉGER, L. & PERSSON, M. (1981). Monoamine cell distribution in the cat brain stem. A fluorescence histochemical study with quantification of indolaminergic and locus coeruleus cell groups. Journal of Comparative Neurology 203, 613-647.
31. WILLIS, W. D. (1982). Control of nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. Progress in Sensory Physiology 3, 1-159.
32. YANG, H., OHNING, G. & TACHÉ, Y. (1993). TRH in dorsal vagal complex mediates acid response to excitation of raphe pallidus neurons in rats. American Journal of Physiology 265, G880-886.