메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 189-202

Ecological heterogeneity in streams: Why variance matters

Author keywords

chironomids; copepods; flow variability; spatial heterogeneity; streams; variance

Indexed keywords

CELLULAR ORGANISMS; CHIRONOMIDAE; COPEPODA;

EID: 0030979114     PISSN: 08873593     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1468251     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (103)

References (105)
  • 2
    • 0002525232 scopus 로고
    • Indirect effects of early bass-shad interactions on predator population structure and food web dynamics
    • W. C. Kerfoot and A. Sih (editors). University Press of New England, New Hampshire
    • ADAMS, S. M., AND D. L. DEANGELIS. 1987. Indirect effects of early bass-shad interactions on predator population structure and food web dynamics. Pages 103-117 in W. C. Kerfoot and A. Sih (editors). Predation in aquatic ecosystems. University Press of New England, New Hampshire.
    • (1987) Predation in Aquatic Ecosystems , pp. 103-117
    • Adams, S.M.1    DeAngelis, D.L.2
  • 4
    • 0003717293 scopus 로고
    • University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • ALLEN, T. F. H., AND T. B. STARR. 1982. Hierarchy. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1982) Hierarchy
    • Allen, T.F.H.1    Starr, T.B.2
  • 5
    • 0028105289 scopus 로고
    • Travel cost and the ideal free distribution
    • ASTROM, M. 1994. Travel cost and the ideal free distribution. Oikos 69:516-519.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.69 , pp. 516-519
    • Astrom, M.1
  • 6
    • 0018035292 scopus 로고
    • Flow around a circular cylinder near a plane boundary
    • BEARMAN, P. W., AND M. M. ZDRAVKOVICH. 1978. Flow around a circular cylinder near a plane boundary. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 89:33-47.
    • (1978) Journal of Fluid Mechanics , vol.89 , pp. 33-47
    • Bearman, P.W.1    Zdravkovich, M.M.2
  • 9
    • 0028975624 scopus 로고
    • The contribution of flood disturbance, catchment geology, and land use to the habitat template of periphyton in stream ecosystemns
    • BIGGS, B. J. F. 1995. The contribution of flood disturbance, catchment geology, and land use to the habitat template of periphyton in stream ecosystemns. Freshwater Biology 33:419-438.
    • (1995) Freshwater Biology , vol.33 , pp. 419-438
    • Biggs, B.J.F.1
  • 10
    • 0027139564 scopus 로고
    • Stream ecology and surface-hyporheic hydrologic exchange: Implications, techniques and limitations
    • BOULTON, A. J. 1993. Stream ecology and surface-hyporheic hydrologic exchange: implications, techniques and limitations. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 44:553-564.
    • (1993) Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , vol.44 , pp. 553-564
    • Boulton, A.J.1
  • 11
    • 0024899103 scopus 로고
    • Community responses to variable predation: Field studies with sunfish and freshwater invertebrates
    • BUTLER, M. J. 1989. Community responses to variable predation: field studies with sunfish and freshwater invertebrates. Ecological Monographs 59: 311-328.
    • (1989) Ecological Monographs , vol.59 , pp. 311-328
    • Butler, M.J.1
  • 12
    • 0001608532 scopus 로고
    • Larval settlement of sort-sediment invertebrates: The spatial scales of pattern explained by active habitat selection and the emerging role of hydrodynamical processes
    • BUTMAN, C. A. 1987. Larval settlement of sort-sediment invertebrates: the spatial scales of pattern explained by active habitat selection and the emerging role of hydrodynamical processes. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 25:113-165.
    • (1987) Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review , vol.25 , pp. 113-165
    • Butman, C.A.1
  • 14
    • 0002753099 scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate distribution along rivers in eastern deciduous forest and grassland biomes
    • CORKUM, L. D. 1991. Spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate distribution along rivers in eastern deciduous forest and grassland biomes. Freshwater Biology 17:201-221.
    • (1991) Freshwater Biology , vol.17 , pp. 201-221
    • Corkum, L.D.1
  • 17
    • 0024878199 scopus 로고
    • An ecologically useful classification of mean and near-bed flows in streams and rivers
    • DAVIS, J. A., AND L. A. BARMUTA. 1989. An ecologically useful classification of mean and near-bed flows in streams and rivers. Freshwater Biology 21:271-282.
    • (1989) Freshwater Biology , vol.21 , pp. 271-282
    • Davis, J.A.1    Barmuta, L.A.2
  • 18
    • 0029964248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal species offer management tool
    • DAVIS, W. J. 1996. Focal species offer management tool. Science 271:1362-1363.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 1362-1363
    • Davis, W.J.1
  • 20
    • 0027043428 scopus 로고
    • Patch distribution of interstitial communities: Prevailing factors
    • DOLE-OLIVIER, M. J., AND P. MARMONIER. 1992. Patch distribution of interstitial communities: prevailing factors. Freshwater Biology 27:177-191.
    • (1992) Freshwater Biology , vol.27 , pp. 177-191
    • Dole-Olivier, M.J.1    Marmonier, P.2
  • 21
    • 0027865825 scopus 로고
    • Spatial variation in the distribution of stream invertebrates: Implications of patchiness for models of community organization
    • DOWNES, B. J., P. S. LAKE, AND E. S. G. SCHREIBER. 1993. Spatial variation in the distribution of stream invertebrates: implications of patchiness for models of community organization. Freshwater Biology 30:119-132.
    • (1993) Freshwater Biology , vol.30 , pp. 119-132
    • Downes, B.J.1    Lake, P.S.2    Schreiber, E.S.G.3
  • 22
    • 0002705706 scopus 로고
    • Biological heterogeneity in aquatic ecosystems
    • J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • DOWNING, J. A. 1991. Biological heterogeneity in aquatic ecosystems. Pages 160-180 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Ecological Heterogeneity , pp. 160-180
    • Downing, J.A.1
  • 23
    • 0002244507 scopus 로고
    • Variance and the description of nature
    • J. J. Cole, G. M. Lovett, and S. E. G. Findlay (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • DUARTE, C. M. 1991. Variance and the description of nature. Pages 301-318 in J. J. Cole, G. M. Lovett, and S. E. G. Findlay (editors). Comparative analyses of ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Comparative Analyses of Ecosystems , pp. 301-318
    • Duarte, C.M.1
  • 24
    • 0001247839 scopus 로고
    • Ecological processes that affect populations in complex landscapes
    • DUNNING, J. B., B. J. DANIELSON, AND R. PULLIAM. 1992. Ecological processes that affect populations in complex landscapes. Oikos 65:169-175.
    • (1992) Oikos , vol.65 , pp. 169-175
    • Dunning, J.B.1    Danielson, B.J.2    Pulliam, R.3
  • 26
    • 0027800344 scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity and the design of ecological field experiments
    • DUTILLEUL, P. 1993. Spatial heterogeneity and the design of ecological field experiments. Ecology 74: 1646-1658.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 1646-1658
    • Dutilleul, P.1
  • 27
    • 84988148092 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic processes affecting benthic recruitment
    • ECKMAN, J. E. 1983. Hydrodynamic processes affecting benthic recruitment. Limnology and Oceanography 28:241-257.
    • (1983) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.28 , pp. 241-257
    • Eckman, J.E.1
  • 28
    • 0021572218 scopus 로고
    • Boundary skin friction and sediment transport about an animal-tube mimic
    • ECKMAN, J. E., AND A. R. M. NOWELL. 1984. Boundary skin friction and sediment transport about an animal-tube mimic. Sedimentology 31:851-862.
    • (1984) Sedimentology , vol.31 , pp. 851-862
    • Eckman, J.E.1    Nowell, A.R.M.2
  • 30
    • 0000868703 scopus 로고
    • Correlations of predatory whelks with intertidal prey at several scales of space and time
    • FAIRWEATHER, P. G. 1988. Correlations of predatory whelks with intertidal prey at several scales of space and time. Marine Ecology Progress Series 45:237-243.
    • (1988) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.45 , pp. 237-243
    • Fairweather, P.G.1
  • 31
    • 0028583922 scopus 로고
    • Pattern, process and scale in freshwater systems: Some unifying thoughts
    • P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London
    • FISHER, S. G. 1994. Pattern, process and scale in freshwater systems: some unifying thoughts. Pages 575-592 in P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Aquatic ecology: scale, pattern and process. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London.
    • (1994) Aquatic Ecology: Scale, Pattern and Process , pp. 575-592
    • Fisher, S.G.1
  • 32
    • 0002136054 scopus 로고
    • Streams and disturbances: Are cross-system comparisons useful?
    • J. J. Cole, G. M. Lovett, and S. E. G. Findlay (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • FISHER, S. G., AND N. B. GRIMM. 1991. Streams and disturbances: are cross-system comparisons useful? Pages 196-221 in J. J. Cole, G. M. Lovett, and S. E. G. Findlay (editors). Comparative analyses of ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Comparative Analyses of Ecosystems , pp. 196-221
    • Fisher, S.G.1    Grimm, N.B.2
  • 33
    • 0026565148 scopus 로고
    • Fish predation and the evolution of invertebrate drift periodicity: Evidence from neotropical streams
    • FLECKER, A. S. 1992. Fish predation and the evolution of invertebrate drift periodicity: evidence from neotropical streams. Ecology 73:438-448.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 438-448
    • Flecker, A.S.1
  • 34
    • 0003157699 scopus 로고
    • A hierarchical framework for stream habitat classification: Viewing streams in a watershed context
    • FRISSELL, C. A., W. L. LISS, C. E. WARREN, AND M. D. HURLEY. 1986. A hierarchical framework for stream habitat classification: viewing streams in a watershed context. Environmental Management 10:199-214.
    • (1986) Environmental Management , vol.10 , pp. 199-214
    • Frissell, C.A.1    Liss, W.L.2    Warren, C.E.3    Hurley, M.D.4
  • 35
    • 0027811255 scopus 로고
    • The largest, smallest, highest, lowest, longest, and shortest: Extremes in ecology
    • GAINES, S. D., AND M. W. DENNY. 1993. The largest, smallest, highest, lowest, longest, and shortest: extremes in ecology. Ecology 74:1677-1692.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 1677-1692
    • Gaines, S.D.1    Denny, M.W.2
  • 38
    • 0028176206 scopus 로고
    • The effects of variability on metapopulation dynamics and rates of invasion
    • GOLDWASSER, L., J. COOK, AND E. D. SILVERMAN. 1994. The effects of variability on metapopulation dynamics and rates of invasion. Ecology 75:40-47.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 40-47
    • Goldwasser, L.1    Cook, J.2    Silverman, E.D.3
  • 39
    • 0028831849 scopus 로고
    • Effects of an engineered flow disturbance on meiofauna in a north Texas prairie stream
    • GOLLADAY, S. W., AND C. L. HAX. 1995. Effects of an engineered flow disturbance on meiofauna in a north Texas prairie stream. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 14:404-413.
    • (1995) Journal of the North American Benthological Society , vol.14 , pp. 404-413
    • Golladay, S.W.1    Hax, C.L.2
  • 40
    • 0020737985 scopus 로고
    • On the critical behavior of the general epidemic process and dynamical percolation
    • GRASSBERGER, P. 1983. On the critical behavior of the general epidemic process and dynamical percolation. Mathematical Bioscience 63:157-172.
    • (1983) Mathematical Bioscience , vol.63 , pp. 157-172
    • Grassberger, P.1
  • 41
    • 0024249979 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of competition in a variable environment: Experiments with two diatom species
    • GROVER, J. P. 1988. Dynamics of competition in a variable environment: experiments with two diatom species. Ecology 69:408-417.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 408-417
    • Grover, J.P.1
  • 43
    • 0028808927 scopus 로고
    • Landscape pattern and population conservation
    • L. Hansson, L. Fahrig, and G. Merriam (editors). Chapman and Hall, London
    • HARRISON, S., AND L. FAHRIG. 1995. Landscape pattern and population conservation. Pages 293-304 in L. Hansson, L. Fahrig, and G. Merriam (editors). Mosaic landscapes and ecological processes. Chapman and Hall, London.
    • (1995) Mosaic Landscapes and Ecological Processes , pp. 293-304
    • Harrison, S.1    Fahrig, L.2
  • 44
    • 0029766975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-scale field measurements of benthic flow environments inhabited by stream invertebrates
    • HART, D. D., B. D. CLARK, AND A. JASENTULIYANA. 1996. Fine-scale field measurements of benthic flow environments inhabited by stream invertebrates. Limnology and Oceanography 41:297-308.
    • (1996) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.41 , pp. 297-308
    • Hart, D.D.1    Clark, B.D.2    Jasentuliyana, A.3
  • 45
    • 0028581707 scopus 로고
    • Patchiness, species interactions and disturbance in stream benthos
    • P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London
    • HILDREW, A. G., AND P. S. GILLER. 1994. Patchiness, species interactions and disturbance in stream benthos. Pages 21-62 in P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Aquatic ecology: scale, pattern, and process. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London.
    • (1994) Aquatic Ecology: Scale, Pattern, and Process , pp. 21-62
    • Hildrew, A.G.1    Giller, P.S.2
  • 46
    • 0000737642 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sediment microtopography on small-scale spatial distributions of meiobenthic nematodes
    • HOGUE, E. W., AND C. B. MILLER. 1981. Effects of sediment microtopography on small-scale spatial distributions of meiobenthic nematodes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 53: 181-191.
    • (1981) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.53 , pp. 181-191
    • Hogue, E.W.1    Miller, C.B.2
  • 47
    • 0028995414 scopus 로고
    • Spatial variance in ecology
    • HORNE, J. K., AND D. C. SCHNEIDER. 1995. Spatial variance in ecology. Oikos 74:18-26.
    • (1995) Oikos , vol.74 , pp. 18-26
    • Horne, J.K.1    Schneider, D.C.2
  • 50
    • 0028181670 scopus 로고
    • The rise of the individual-based model in ecology
    • JUDSON, O. P. 1994. The rise of the individual-based model in ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:9-14.
    • (1994) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.9 , pp. 9-14
    • Judson, O.P.1
  • 52
    • 0027804818 scopus 로고
    • Can ecological theory predict the distribution of foraging animals? A critical analysis of experiments on the ideal free distribution
    • KENNEDY, M., AND R. D. GRAY. 1993. Can ecological theory predict the distribution of foraging animals? A critical analysis of experiments on the ideal free distribution. Oikos 68:158-166.
    • (1993) Oikos , vol.68 , pp. 158-166
    • Kennedy, M.1    Gray, R.D.2
  • 53
    • 0003303883 scopus 로고
    • Concept and terminology of homogeneity and heterogeneity in ecology
    • J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • KOLASA, J., AND C. D. ROLLO. 1991. Concept and terminology of homogeneity and heterogeneity in ecology. Pages 1-12 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Ecological Heterogeneity , pp. 1-12
    • Kolasa, J.1    Rollo, C.D.2
  • 54
    • 0006043254 scopus 로고
    • Day-night changes in stream benthos density in relation to current velocity
    • KOVALAK, W. P. 1979. Day-night changes in stream benthos density in relation to current velocity. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 87:183-193.
    • (1979) Archiv für Hydrobiologie , vol.87 , pp. 183-193
    • Kovalak, W.P.1
  • 55
    • 0028829880 scopus 로고
    • Resource tracking in space and time
    • L. Hansson, L. Fahrig, and G. Merriam (editors). Chapman and Hall, London
    • KOZAKIEWICZ, M. 1995. Resource tracking in space and time. Pages 136-145 in L. Hansson, L. Fahrig, and G. Merriam (editors). Mosaic landscapes and ecological processes. Chapman and Hall, London.
    • (1995) Mosaic Landscapes and Ecological Processes , pp. 136-145
    • Kozakiewicz, M.1
  • 57
    • 0029740987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaling the effects of predation and disturbance in a patchy environment
    • LANCASTER, J. 1996. Scaling the effects of predation and disturbance in a patchy environment. Oecologia 107:321-331.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.107 , pp. 321-331
    • Lancaster, J.1
  • 59
    • 0027101175 scopus 로고
    • The problem of pattern and scale in ecology
    • LEVIN, S. A. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73:1943-1967.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1943-1967
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 60
    • 0001053926 scopus 로고
    • Coexistence in a variable environment
    • LEVINS, R. 1979. Coexistence in a variable environment. American Naturalist 114:765-783.
    • (1979) American Naturalist , vol.114 , pp. 765-783
    • Levins, R.1
  • 61
    • 0028561542 scopus 로고
    • Implementation of individual-oriented models in aquatic ecology
    • LHOTKA, L. 1994. Implementation of individual-oriented models in aquatic ecology. Ecological Modelling 74:47-62.
    • (1994) Ecological Modelling , vol.74 , pp. 47-62
    • Lhotka, L.1
  • 62
    • 0028165497 scopus 로고
    • A simulation experiment to quantify spatial heterogeneity in categorical maps
    • LI, H., AND J. F. REYNOLDS. 1994. A simulation experiment to quantify spatial heterogeneity in categorical maps. Ecology 75:2446-2455.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 2446-2455
    • Li, H.1    Reynolds, J.F.2
  • 63
    • 0026567014 scopus 로고
    • Vertical distribution of fauna in the bed sediment of three running water sites: Influence of physical and trophic factors
    • MARIDET, L., J. G. WASSON, AND M. PHILIPPE. 1992. Vertical distribution of fauna in the bed sediment of three running water sites: influence of physical and trophic factors. Regulated rivers: Research and Management 7:45-55.
    • (1992) Regulated Rivers: Research and Management , vol.7 , pp. 45-55
    • Maridet, L.1    Wasson, J.G.2    Philippe, M.3
  • 64
    • 0002387308 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity as a multiscale characteristic of landscapes
    • J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • MILNE, B. T. 1991, Heterogeneity as a multiscale characteristic of landscapes. Pages 69-84 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Ecological Heterogeneity , pp. 69-84
    • Milne, B.T.1
  • 66
    • 0342575029 scopus 로고
    • Ecological consequences of heterogeneity of consumable resources
    • J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • NAEEM, S., AND R. K. COLWELL. 1995. Ecological consequences of heterogeneity of consumable resources. Pages 224-255 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1995) Ecological Heterogeneity , pp. 224-255
    • Naeem, S.1    Colwell, R.K.2
  • 68
    • 0002316040 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives in hierarchy and scale
    • R. M. May and J. Rough-garden (editors). Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey
    • O'NEILL, R. V. 1989. Perspectives in hierarchy and scale Pages 140-156 in R. M. May and J. Rough-garden (editors). Ecological theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
    • (1989) Ecological Theory , pp. 140-156
    • O'Neill, R.V.1
  • 69
    • 0002775638 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity and spatial hierarchies
    • J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Springer-Verlag, New York
    • O'NEILL, R. V., R. H. GARDNER, B. T. MILNE, M. G. TURNER, AND B. JACKSON. 1991. Heterogeneity and spatial hierarchies. Pages 85-96 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (editors). Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1991) Ecological Heterogeneity , pp. 85-96
    • O'Neill, R.V.1    Gardner, R.H.2    Milne, B.T.3    Turner, M.G.4    Jackson, B.5
  • 70
    • 0024183385 scopus 로고
    • Epibenthic predators and marine meiofauna: Separating predation, disturbance, and hydrodynamic effects
    • PALMER, M. A. 1988. Epibenthic predators and marine meiofauna: separating predation, disturbance, and hydrodynamic effects. Ecology 69: 1251-1259.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1251-1259
    • Palmer, M.A.1
  • 71
    • 0002229224 scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial dynamics of meiofauna within the hyporheic zone of Goose Creek, Virginia
    • PALMER, M. A. 1990. Temporal and spatial dynamics of meiofauna within the hyporheic zone of Goose Creek, Virginia. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 9:17-25.
    • (1990) Journal of the North American Benthological Society , vol.9 , pp. 17-25
    • Palmer, M.A.1
  • 72
    • 0027101212 scopus 로고
    • Incorporating lotic meiofauna into our understanding of faunal transport processes
    • PALMER, M. A. 1992. Incorporating lotic meiofauna into our understanding of faunal transport processes. Limnology and Oceanography 37:329-341.
    • (1992) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.37 , pp. 329-341
    • Palmer, M.A.1
  • 73
    • 0029666832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbance and patchspecific responses: The interactive effects of woody debris and floods on lotic invertebrates
    • PALMER, M. A., P. ARENSBURGER, A. P. MARTIN, AND D. W. DENMAN. 1996. Disturbance and patchspecific responses: the interactive effects of woody debris and floods on lotic invertebrates. Oecologia 105:247-257.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.105 , pp. 247-257
    • Palmer, M.A.1    Arensburger, P.2    Martin, A.P.3    Denman, D.W.4
  • 74
    • 0027039780 scopus 로고
    • Response of invertebrates to lotic disturbance: A test of the hyporheic refuge hypothesis
    • PALMER, M. A., A. E. BELY, AND K. E. BERG. 1992. Response of invertebrates to lotic disturbance: a test of the hyporheic refuge hypothesis. Oecologia 89:182-194.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.89 , pp. 182-194
    • Palmer, M.A.1    Bely, A.E.2    Berg, K.E.3
  • 75
    • 0028994333 scopus 로고
    • The influence of spatial heterogeneity on the behavior and growth of two herbivorous stream insects
    • PALMER, T. M. 1995. The influence of spatial heterogeneity on the behavior and growth of two herbivorous stream insects. Oecologia 104:476-486.
    • (1995) Oecologia , vol.104 , pp. 476-486
    • Palmer, T.M.1
  • 76
    • 0028794130 scopus 로고
    • Functional organization of stream fish assemblages in relation to hydrological variability
    • POFF, N. L., AND J. D. ALLAN. 1995. Functional organization of stream fish assemblages in relation to hydrological variability. Ecology 76:606-627.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 606-627
    • Poff, N.L.1    Allan, J.D.2
  • 77
    • 0030891841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat heterogeneity and algal-grazer interaction in streams: Explorations with a spatially explicit model
    • POFF, N, L., AND K. NELSON-BAKER. 1997. Habitat heterogeneity and algal-grazer interaction in streams: explorations with a spatially explicit model. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 16:263-276.
    • (1997) Journal of the North American Benthological Society , vol.16 , pp. 263-276
    • Poff, N.L.1    Nelson-Baker, K.2
  • 78
    • 0024881485 scopus 로고
    • Implications of streamflow variability and predictability for lotic community structure: A regional analysis of streamflow patterns
    • POFF, N. L., AND J. V. WARD. 1989. Implications of streamflow variability and predictability for lotic community structure: a regional analysis of streamflow patterns. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1805-1818.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.46 , pp. 1805-1818
    • Poff, N.L.1    Ward, J.V.2
  • 79
    • 0343444955 scopus 로고
    • Measurements and multifractal analysis of gravel bedload
    • C. Barton and P. La-Pointe (editors). Plenum Press, New York
    • PRESTEGAARD, K. L., AND R. PLOTNICK. 1995. Measurements and multifractal analysis of gravel bedload. Pages 113-126 in C. Barton and P. La-Pointe (editors). Fractals in earth processes and petroleum research. Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1995) Fractals in Earth Processes and Petroleum Research , pp. 113-126
    • Prestegaard, K.L.1    Plotnick, R.2
  • 80
    • 0027795186 scopus 로고
    • The importance of fluvial hydraulics to fish habitat restoration in low-gradient alluvial streams
    • RABENI, C. F., AND R. B. JACOBSON. 1993. The importance of fluvial hydraulics to fish habitat restoration in low-gradient alluvial streams. Freshwater Biology 29:211-220.
    • (1993) Freshwater Biology , vol.29 , pp. 211-220
    • Rabeni, C.F.1    Jacobson, R.B.2
  • 81
    • 0028573706 scopus 로고
    • The role of fluid motion in the dynamics of phytoplankton in lakes and rivers
    • P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London
    • REYNOLDS, C. S. 1994. The role of fluid motion in the dynamics of phytoplankton in lakes and rivers. Pages 141-188 in P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Aquatic ecology: scale, pattern, and process. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London.
    • (1994) Aquatic Ecology: Scale, Pattern, and Process , pp. 141-188
    • Reynolds, C.S.1
  • 82
    • 0027039563 scopus 로고
    • Microcrustacea in flowing water: Experimental analysis of washout times and a field test
    • RICHARDSON, W. B. 1992. Microcrustacea in flowing water: experimental analysis of washout times and a field test. Freshwater Biology 28:217-230.
    • (1992) Freshwater Biology , vol.28 , pp. 217-230
    • Richardson, W.B.1
  • 83
    • 0028975628 scopus 로고
    • Stream hydraulics and the distribution of microcrustacea: A role for refugia?
    • ROBERTSON, A. L., J. LANCASTER, AND A. G. HILDREW. 1995. Stream hydraulics and the distribution of microcrustacea: a role for refugia? Freshwater Biology 33:469-484.
    • (1995) Freshwater Biology , vol.33 , pp. 469-484
    • Robertson, A.L.1    Lancaster, J.2    Hildrew, A.G.3
  • 84
    • 0026540034 scopus 로고
    • Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence
    • ROSSI, R. E., D. J. MULLA, A. G. JOURNEL, AND E. H. FRANZ. 1992. Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecological Monographs 62:277-314.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 277-314
    • Rossi, R.E.1    Mulla, D.J.2    Journel, A.G.3    Franz, E.H.4
  • 85
    • 0002075693 scopus 로고
    • Caractéristiques et conditions hydrodynamiques des écoulements dans les sédiments d'un ruisseau des Pyrénées. Implications écologiques
    • ROUCH, R. 1992. Caractéristiques et conditions hydrodynamiques des écoulements dans les sédiments d'un ruisseau des Pyrénées. Implications écologiques. Stygologia 7:13-25.
    • (1992) Stygologia , vol.7 , pp. 13-25
    • Rouch, R.1
  • 86
    • 0027798378 scopus 로고
    • Effects of an invertebrate grazer on the spatial arrangement of benthic microhabitat
    • SARNELLE, O., K. W. KRATZ, AND S. D. COOPER. 1993. Effects of an invertebrate grazer on the spatial arrangement of benthic microhabitat. Oecologia 96: 208-218.
    • (1993) Oecologia , vol.96 , pp. 208-218
    • Sarnelle, O.1    Kratz, K.W.2    Cooper, S.D.3
  • 87
    • 0029475876 scopus 로고
    • Disturbance and population dynamics of rotifers in bed sediments
    • SCHMID-ARAYA, J. M. 1995. Disturbance and population dynamics of rotifers in bed sediments. Hydrobiologia 313:279-290.
    • (1995) Hydrobiologia , vol.313 , pp. 279-290
    • Schmid-Araya, J.M.1
  • 88
    • 0022213519 scopus 로고
    • Competitive interactions of two mobile prey species in a patchy environment
    • SCHMITT, R. J. 1985. Competitive interactions of two mobile prey species in a patchy environment. Ecology 66:950-958.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 950-958
    • Schmitt, R.J.1
  • 89
    • 0028562884 scopus 로고
    • Scale-dependent patterns and species interactions in marine nekton
    • P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London
    • SCHNEIDER, D. C. 1994a. Scale-dependent patterns and species interactions in marine nekton. Pages 441-467 in P. S. Giller, A. G. Hildrew, and D. G. Raffaelli (editors). Aquatic ecology: scale, pattern, and process. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London.
    • (1994) Aquatic Ecology: Scale, Pattern, and Process , pp. 441-467
    • Schneider, D.C.1
  • 91
    • 0025197530 scopus 로고
    • Role of refugia in recovery from disturbances: Modern fragmented and disconnected river systems
    • SEDELL, J. R., G. H. REEVES, F. R. HAUER, J. A. STANFORD, AND C. P. HAWKINS. 1990. Role of refugia in recovery from disturbances: modern fragmented and disconnected river systems. Environmental Management 14:711-724.
    • (1990) Environmental Management , vol.14 , pp. 711-724
    • Sedell, J.R.1    Reeves, G.H.2    Hauer, F.R.3    Stanford, J.A.4    Hawkins, C.P.5
  • 92
    • 0028974835 scopus 로고
    • Scale and the nature of spatial variability: Field examples having implications for hydrologic modelling
    • SEYFRIED, M. S., AND B. P. WILCOX. 1995. Scale and the nature of spatial variability: field examples having implications for hydrologic modelling. Water Resources Research 31:173-184.
    • (1995) Water Resources Research , vol.31 , pp. 173-184
    • Seyfried, M.S.1    Wilcox, B.P.2
  • 94
    • 0028164097 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic enhancement of invertebrate larval settlement in microdepositional environments: Colonization tray experiments in a muddy habitat
    • SNELGROVE, P. V. R. 1994. Hydrodynamic enhancement of invertebrate larval settlement in microdepositional environments: colonization tray experiments in a muddy habitat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 176:149-166.
    • (1994) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.176 , pp. 149-166
    • Snelgrove, P.V.R.1
  • 96
    • 84985078888 scopus 로고
    • How currents on different sides of substrates in streams affect mechanisms of benthic algal accumulation
    • STEVENSON, R. J., 1984. How currents on different sides of substrates in streams affect mechanisms of benthic algal accumulation. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie 69:241-262.
    • (1984) Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie , vol.69 , pp. 241-262
    • Stevenson, R.J.1
  • 102
    • 0024939275 scopus 로고
    • Spatial scaling in ecology
    • WIENS, J. A. 1989. Spatial scaling in ecology. Functional Ecology 3:385-397.
    • (1989) Functional Ecology , vol.3 , pp. 385-397
    • Wiens, J.A.1
  • 103
    • 0001699523 scopus 로고
    • Ecology 2000: An essay on future directions in ecology
    • WIENS, J. A. 1992. Ecology 2000: an essay on future directions in ecology. Ecological Society of American Bulletin 73:165-169.
    • (1992) Ecological Society of American Bulletin , vol.73 , pp. 165-169
    • Wiens, J.A.1
  • 104
    • 0027872598 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient and flow vector dynamics at the hyporheic/groundwater interface and their effects on the intersitial fauna
    • WILLIAMS, D. D. 1993. Nutrient and flow vector dynamics at the hyporheic/groundwater interface and their effects on the intersitial fauna. Hydrobiologia 251:185-198.
    • (1993) Hydrobiologia , vol.251 , pp. 185-198
    • Williams, D.D.1
  • 105
    • 0028165734 scopus 로고
    • Using fractal analysis to assess how species perceive landscape structure
    • WITH, K. A. 1994. Using fractal analysis to assess how species perceive landscape structure. Landscape Ecology 9:25-36.
    • (1994) Landscape Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 25-36
    • With, K.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.