메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 124, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1799-1807

The nuclear receptor SF-1 mediates sexually dimorphic expression of Mullerian inhibiting substance, in vivo

Author keywords

Gonadal specific expression; MIS; Orphan nuclear receptors; Reproductive biology; Sex determination

Indexed keywords

CELL NUCLEUS RECEPTOR; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; MUELLERIAN INHIBITING FACTOR;

EID: 0030922218     PISSN: 09501991     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (164)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0028972865 scopus 로고
    • Anti-mullerian hormone and anti-mullerian hormone type II receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression during postnatal testis development and in the adult testis of the rat
    • Baarends, W. M., Hoogerbrugge, J. W., Post, M., Visser, J. A., De, R. D., Parvinen, M., Themmen, A. P. and Grootegoed, J. A. (1995a). Anti-mullerian hormone and anti-mullerian hormone type II receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression during postnatal testis development and in the adult testis of the rat. Endocrinology 136, 5614-5622.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 5614-5622
    • Baarends, W.M.1    Hoogerbrugge, J.W.2    Post, M.3    Visser, J.A.4    De, R.D.5    Parvinen, M.6    Themmen, A.P.7    Grootegoed, J.A.8
  • 2
    • 0028973297 scopus 로고
    • Anti-mullerian hormone and anti-mullerian hormone type II receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in rat ovaries during postnatal development, the estrous cycle, and gonadotropin-induced follicle growth
    • Baarends, W. M., Uilenbroek, J. T., Kramer, P., Hoogerbrugge, J. W., van, L. E., Themmen, A. P. and Grootegoed, J. A. (1995b). Anti-mullerian hormone and anti-mullerian hormone type II receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in rat ovaries during postnatal development, the estrous cycle, and gonadotropin-induced follicle growth. Endocrinology 136, 4951-4962.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 4951-4962
    • Baarends, W.M.1    Uilenbroek, J.T.2    Kramer, P.3    Hoogerbrugge, J.W.4    Van, L.E.5    Themmen, A.P.6    Grootegoed, J.A.7
  • 4
    • 0028365295 scopus 로고
    • The orphan nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor-1, regulates the glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene in pituitary gonadotropes
    • Barnhart, K. M. and Mellon, P. L. (1994). The orphan nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor-1, regulates the glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene in pituitary gonadotropes. Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 878-85.
    • (1994) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.8 , pp. 878-885
    • Barnhart, K.M.1    Mellon, P.L.2
  • 5
    • 0027264139 scopus 로고
    • Genomic targeting with purified Cre recombinase
    • Baubonis, W. and Sauer, B. (1993). Genomic targeting with purified Cre recombinase. Nucl. Acids Res. 21, 2025-9.
    • (1993) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.21 , pp. 2025-2029
    • Baubonis, W.1    Sauer, B.2
  • 6
    • 0025312139 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal sexual development in transgenic mice expressing Mullerian inhibiting substance
    • Behringer, R. R., Cate, R. L., Froelick, G. J., Palmiter, R. D. and Brinster, R. L. (1990). Abnormal sexual development in transgenic mice expressing Mullerian inhibiting substance. Nature 345, 167-170.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 167-170
    • Behringer, R.R.1    Cate, R.L.2    Froelick, G.J.3    Palmiter, R.D.4    Brinster, R.L.5
  • 7
    • 0028172159 scopus 로고
    • Mullerian-inhibiting substance function during mammalian sexual development
    • Behringer, R. R., Finegold, M. J. and Cate, R. L. (1994). Mullerian-inhibiting substance function during mammalian sexual development. Cell 79,415-425.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 415-425
    • Behringer, R.R.1    Finegold, M.J.2    Cate, R.L.3
  • 8
    • 0027381486 scopus 로고
    • Correspondence between a mammalian spliceosome component and an essential yeast splicing factor
    • Bennett, M. and Reed, R. (1993). Correspondence between a mammalian spliceosome component and an essential yeast splicing factor. Science 262, 105-108.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 105-108
    • Bennett, M.1    Reed, R.2
  • 9
    • 0030111258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sertoli cell signaling by desert hedgehog regulates the male germ cell line
    • Bitgood, M. J., Shen, L. and McMahon, A. P. (1996). Sertoli cell signaling by desert hedgehog regulates the male germ cell line. Curr. Biol. 6, 298-304.
    • (1996) Curr. Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 298-304
    • Bitgood, M.J.1    Shen, L.2    McMahon, A.P.3
  • 10
    • 0028810283 scopus 로고
    • Steroidogenic enzyme P450c 17 is expressed in the embryonic central nervous system
    • Compagnone, N. A., Bulfone, A., Rubenstein, J. L. and Mellon, S. H. (1995). Steroidogenic enzyme P450c 17 is expressed in the embryonic central nervous system. Endocrinology 136, 5212-5223.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 5212-5223
    • Compagnone, N.A.1    Bulfone, A.2    Rubenstein, J.L.3    Mellon, S.H.4
  • 11
    • 0024695889 scopus 로고
    • Cell-specific expression of the prolactin gene in transgenic mice is controlled by synergistic interactions between promotor and enhancer elements
    • Crenshaw, E. B., III, Kalla, K., Simmons, D. M., Swanson, L. W. and Rosenfeld, M. G. (1989). Cell-specific expression of the prolactin gene in transgenic mice is controlled by synergistic interactions between promotor and enhancer elements. Genes Dev. 3, 959-972.
    • (1989) Genes Dev. , vol.3 , pp. 959-972
    • Crenshaw III, E.B.1    Kalla, K.2    Simmons, D.M.3    Swanson, L.W.4    Rosenfeld, M.G.5
  • 13
    • 0029084077 scopus 로고
    • The genes for a spliceosome protein (SAP62) and the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) are contiguous
    • Dresser, D. W., Hacker, A., Lovell-Badge, R. and Guerrier, D. (1995). The genes for a spliceosome protein (SAP62) and the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) are contiguous. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4, 1613-1618.
    • (1995) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 1613-1618
    • Dresser, D.W.1    Hacker, A.2    Lovell-Badge, R.3    Guerrier, D.4
  • 14
    • 0027526513 scopus 로고
    • Cis-acting elements of the rat aromatase promoter required for cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate induction in ovarian granulosa cells and constitutive expression in R2C Leydig cells
    • Fitzpatrick, S. L. and Richards, J. S. (1993). Cis-acting elements of the rat aromatase promoter required for cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate induction in ovarian granulosa cells and constitutive expression in R2C Leydig cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 7, 341-354.
    • (1993) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.7 , pp. 341-354
    • Fitzpatrick, S.L.1    Richards, J.S.2
  • 15
    • 0029048140 scopus 로고
    • Expression of Sry, the mouse sex determining gene
    • Hacker, A., Capel, B., Goodfellow, P. and Lovell-Badge, R. (1995). Expression of Sry, the mouse sex determining gene. Development 121, 1603-1614.
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 1603-1614
    • Hacker, A.1    Capel, B.2    Goodfellow, P.3    Lovell-Badge, R.4
  • 17
    • 0028657623 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of mammalian sexual determination: Activation of Mullerian inhibiting substance gene expression by SRY
    • published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):317
    • Haqq, C. M., King, C. Y., Ukiyama, E., Falsafi, S., Haqq, T. N., Donahoe, P. K. and Weiss, M. A. (1994). Molecular basis of mammalian sexual determination: activation of Mullerian inhibiting substance gene expression by SRY [published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):317]. Science 266, 1494-1500.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 1494-1500
    • Haqq, C.M.1    King, C.Y.2    Ukiyama, E.3    Falsafi, S.4    Haqq, T.N.5    Donahoe, P.K.6    Weiss, M.A.7
  • 18
    • 0027997671 scopus 로고
    • Sex-dependent expression of a transcription factor, Ad4BP, regulating steroidogenic P-450 genes in the gonads during prenatal and postnatal rat development
    • Hatano, O., Takayama, K., Imai, T., Waterman, M. R., Takakusu, A., Omura, T. and Morohashi, K. (1994). Sex-dependent expression of a transcription factor, Ad4BP, regulating steroidogenic P-450 genes in the gonads during prenatal and postnatal rat development. Development 120, 2787-2797.
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 2787-2797
    • Hatano, O.1    Takayama, K.2    Imai, T.3    Waterman, M.R.4    Takakusu, A.5    Omura, T.6    Morohashi, K.7
  • 19
    • 0026647023 scopus 로고
    • Mullerian inhibiting substance messenger ribonucleic acid expression in granulosa and Sertoli cells coincides with their mitotic activity
    • Hirobe, S., He, W. W., Lee, M. M. and Donahoe, P. K. (1992). Mullerian inhibiting substance messenger ribonucleic acid expression in granulosa and Sertoli cells coincides with their mitotic activity. Endocrinology 131, 854-862.
    • (1992) Endocrinology , vol.131 , pp. 854-862
    • Hirobe, S.1    He, W.W.2    Lee, M.M.3    Donahoe, P.K.4
  • 20
    • 0028959656 scopus 로고
    • The nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 is essential for the formation of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus
    • Ikeda, Y., Luo, X., Abbud, R., Nilson, J. H. and Parker, K. L. (1995). The nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 is essential for the formation of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Mol. Endocrinol. 9, 478-486.
    • (1995) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.9 , pp. 478-486
    • Ikeda, Y.1    Luo, X.2    Abbud, R.3    Nilson, J.H.4    Parker, K.L.5
  • 21
    • 0028276035 scopus 로고
    • Developmental expression of mouse steroidogenic factor-1, an essential regulator of the steroid hydroxylases
    • Ikeda, Y., Shen, W.-H., Ingraham, H. A. and Parker, K. L. (1994). Developmental expression of mouse steroidogenic factor-1, an essential regulator of the steroid hydroxylases. Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 654-662.
    • (1994) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.8 , pp. 654-662
    • Ikeda, Y.1    Shen, W.-H.2    Ingraham, H.A.3    Parker, K.L.4
  • 24
    • 0029584593 scopus 로고
    • Nonsteroid nuclear receptors: What are genetic studies telling us about their role in real life?
    • Kastner, P., Mark, M. and Chambon, P. (1995). Nonsteroid nuclear receptors: what are genetic studies telling us about their role in real life? Cell 83, 859-869.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 859-869
    • Kastner, P.1    Mark, M.2    Chambon, P.3
  • 26
    • 15844387264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A steroidogenic factor-1 binding site is required for activity of the luteinizing hormone β subunit promoter in gonadotropes of transgenic mice
    • Keri, R. A. and Nilson, J. H. (1996). A steroidogenic factor-1 binding site is required for activity of the luteinizing hormone β subunit promoter in gonadotropes of transgenic mice. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 10782-10785.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 10782-10785
    • Keri, R.A.1    Nilson, J.H.2
  • 27
    • 0025877323 scopus 로고
    • Male development of chromosomally female mice transgenic for Sry
    • Koopman, P., Gubbay, J., Vivian, N., Goodfellow, P. and Lovell-Badge, R. (1991). Male development of chromosomally female mice transgenic for Sry. Nature 351, 117-121.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 117-121
    • Koopman, P.1    Gubbay, J.2    Vivian, N.3    Goodfellow, P.4    Lovell-Badge, R.5
  • 28
    • 0025243412 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a candidate sex-determining gene during mouse testis differentiation
    • Koopman, P., Munsterberg, A., Capel, B., Vivian, N. and Lovell-Badge, R. (1990). Expression of a candidate sex-determining gene during mouse testis differentiation. Nature 348, 450-452.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.348 , pp. 450-452
    • Koopman, P.1    Munsterberg, A.2    Capel, B.3    Vivian, N.4    Lovell-Badge, R.5
  • 29
    • 0028901439 scopus 로고
    • A cell-specific nuclear receptor regulates the steroid hydroxylases
    • Lala, D. S., Ikeda, Y., Luo, X., Baity, L. A., Meade, J. C. and Parker, K. L. (1995). A cell-specific nuclear receptor regulates the steroid hydroxylases. Steroids 60, 10-14.
    • (1995) Steroids , vol.60 , pp. 10-14
    • Lala, D.S.1    Ikeda, Y.2    Luo, X.3    Baity, L.A.4    Meade, J.C.5    Parker, K.L.6
  • 30
    • 0026665062 scopus 로고
    • Steroidogenic factor I, a key regulator of steroidogenic enzyme expression, is the mouse homolog of fushi tarazu-factor I
    • Lala, D. S., Rice, D. A. and Parker, K. L. (1992). Steroidogenic factor I, a key regulator of steroidogenic enzyme expression, is the mouse homolog of fushi tarazu-factor I. Mol. Endocrinol. 6, 1249-1258.
    • (1992) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.6 , pp. 1249-1258
    • Lala, D.S.1    Rice, D.A.2    Parker, K.L.3
  • 31
    • 0028303959 scopus 로고
    • A cell-specific nuclear receptor is essential for adrenal and gonadal development and sexual differentiation
    • Luo, X., Ikeda, Y. and Parker, K. L. (1994). A cell-specific nuclear receptor is essential for adrenal and gonadal development and sexual differentiation. Cell 77, 481-490.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.77 , pp. 481-490
    • Luo, X.1    Ikeda, Y.2    Parker, K.L.3
  • 32
    • 0027274644 scopus 로고
    • Steroidogenic Factor 1, an orphan nuclear receptor, regulates the expression of the rat aromatase gene in gonadal tissue
    • Lynch, J. P., Lala, D. S., Peluso, J. J., Luo, W., Parker, K. L. and White, B. A. (1993). Steroidogenic Factor 1, an orphan nuclear receptor, regulates the expression of the rat aromatase gene in gonadal tissue. Mol. Endocrinol. 7, 776-786.
    • (1993) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.7 , pp. 776-786
    • Lynch, J.P.1    Lala, D.S.2    Peluso, J.J.3    Luo, W.4    Parker, K.L.5    White, B.A.6
  • 33
    • 0025993496 scopus 로고
    • Bioassay, purification, cloning and expression of Müllerian inhibiting substance
    • MacLaughlin, D. T., Epstein, J. and Donahoe, P. K. (1991). Bioassay, purification, cloning and expression of Müllerian inhibiting substance. Methods Enzymol. 198, 358-369.
    • (1991) Methods Enzymol. , vol.198 , pp. 358-369
    • MacLaughlin, D.T.1    Epstein, J.2    Donahoe, P.K.3
  • 34
    • 0028037785 scopus 로고
    • Convergent pathways for steroid hormone- And neurotransmitter-induced rat sexual behavior
    • published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jun 30; 268(5219),1833
    • Mani, S. K., Allen, J. M., Clark, J. H., Blaustein, J. D. and O'Malley, B. W. (1994). Convergent pathways for steroid hormone-and neurotransmitter-induced rat sexual behavior [published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jun 30; 268(5219),1833]. Science 265, 1246-1249.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1246-1249
    • Mani, S.K.1    Allen, J.M.2    Clark, J.H.3    Blaustein, J.D.4    O'Malley, B.W.5
  • 35
    • 0027466437 scopus 로고
    • A regulatory cascade hypothesis for mammalian sex determination: SRY represses a negative regulator of male development
    • McElreavey, K., Vilain, E., Abbas, N., Herskowitz, I. and Fellous, M. (1993). A regulatory cascade hypothesis for mammalian sex determination: SRY represses a negative regulator of male development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 3368-3372.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 3368-3372
    • McElreavey, K.1    Vilain, E.2    Abbas, N.3    Herskowitz, I.4    Fellous, M.5
  • 36
    • 0029658831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of the Müllerian-inhibiting substance signal transduction pathway in mammalian sexual differentiaition
    • Mishina, Y., Rey, R., Finegold, M. J., Matzuk, M. M., Josso, N., Cate, R. L. and Behringer, R. R. (1996). Genetic analysis of the Müllerian-inhibiting substance signal transduction pathway in mammalian sexual differentiaition. Genes Dev. 10, 2577-2587.
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2577-2587
    • Mishina, Y.1    Rey, R.2    Finegold, M.J.3    Matzuk, M.M.4    Josso, N.5    Cate, R.L.6    Behringer, R.R.7
  • 37
    • 0026640265 scopus 로고
    • A common trans-acting factor, Ad4-binding protein, to the promoters of steroidogenic P-450s
    • Morohashi, K.-I., Honda, S. -I., Inamata, Y., Handa, H. and Omura, T. (1992). A common trans-acting factor, Ad4-binding protein, to the promoters of steroidogenic P-450s. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 17913-17919.
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , pp. 17913-17919
    • Morohashi, K.-I.1    Honda, S.I.2    Inamata, Y.3    Handa, H.4    Omura, T.5
  • 38
    • 0025950803 scopus 로고
    • Expression of the mouse anti-Mullerian hormone gene suggests a role in both male and female sexual differentiation
    • Münsterberg, A. and Lovell-Badge, R. (1991). Expression of the mouse anti-Mullerian hormone gene suggests a role in both male and female sexual differentiation. Development 113, 613-624.
    • (1991) Development , vol.113 , pp. 613-624
    • Münsterberg, A.1    Lovell-Badge, R.2
  • 39
    • 0029666175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bio-activation of MIS during gonadal development by a kex2/subtilisin-like endoprotease
    • Nachtigal, M. W. and Ingraham, H. A. (1996). Bio-activation of MIS during gonadal development by a kex2/subtilisin-like endoprotease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7711-7716.
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 7711-7716
    • Nachtigal, M.W.1    Ingraham, H.A.2
  • 40
    • 0026780003 scopus 로고
    • Directed expression of an oncogene to Sertoli Cells in transgenic mice using Mullerian inhibiting substance regulatory sequences
    • Peschon, J. J., Behringer, R. R., Cate, R. L., Harwood, K. A., Idzerda, R. L., Brinster, R. L. and Palmiter, R. D. (1992). Directed expression of an oncogene to Sertoli Cells in transgenic mice using Mullerian inhibiting substance regulatory sequences. Mol. Endocrinol. 6, 1403-1411.
    • (1992) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.6 , pp. 1403-1411
    • Peschon, J.J.1    Behringer, R.R.2    Cate, R.L.3    Harwood, K.A.4    Idzerda, R.L.5    Brinster, R.L.6    Palmiter, R.D.7
  • 41
    • 0028875430 scopus 로고
    • Mice deficient in the orphan receptor steroidogenic factor 1 lack adrenal glands and gonads but express P450 side-chain-cleavage enzyme in the placenta and have normal embryonic serum levels of corticosteroids
    • Sadovsky, Y., Crawford, P. A., Woodson, K. G., Polish, J. A., Clements, M. A., Tourtellotte, L. M., Simburger, K. and Milbrandt, J. (1995). Mice deficient in the orphan receptor steroidogenic factor 1 lack adrenal glands and gonads but express P450 side-chain-cleavage enzyme in the placenta and have normal embryonic serum levels of corticosteroids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 10939-10943.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 10939-10943
    • Sadovsky, Y.1    Crawford, P.A.2    Woodson, K.G.3    Polish, J.A.4    Clements, M.A.5    Tourtellotte, L.M.6    Simburger, K.7    Milbrandt, J.8
  • 42
    • 0028308118 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 regulates the mullerian inhibiting substance gene: A link to the sex determination cascade
    • Shen, W. H., Moore, C. C., Ikeda, Y., Parker, K. L. and Ingraham, H. A. (1994). Nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 regulates the mullerian inhibiting substance gene: a link to the sex determination cascade. Cell 77, 651-661.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.77 , pp. 651-661
    • Shen, W.H.1    Moore, C.C.2    Ikeda, Y.3    Parker, K.L.4    Ingraham, H.A.5
  • 45
    • 0023222734 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical detection of anti-Müllerian hormone in sertoli cells and various mammalian species including human
    • Tran, D., Picard, J.-Y., Campargue, J. and Josso, N. (1987). Immunocytochemical detection of anti-Müllerian hormone in sertoli cells and various mammalian species including human. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 35, 733-743.
    • (1987) J. Histochem. Cytochem. , vol.35 , pp. 733-743
    • Tran, D.1    Picard, J.-Y.2    Campargue, J.3    Josso, N.4
  • 46
    • 0027957606 scopus 로고
    • Two orphan receptors binding to a common site are involved in the regulation of the oxytocin gene in the bovine ovary
    • Wehrenberg, U., Ivell, R., Jansen, M., von, G. S. and Walther, N. (1994). Two orphan receptors binding to a common site are involved in the regulation of the oxytocin gene in the bovine ovary. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1440-1444.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 1440-1444
    • Wehrenberg, U.1    Ivell, R.2    Jansen, M.3    Von, G.S.4    Walther, N.5
  • 47
    • 0029075461 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of human 46X,Y sex reversal revealed from the three-dimensional solution structure of the human SRY-DNA complex
    • Werner, M. H., Huth, J. R., Gronenborn, A. M. and Clore, G. M. (1995). Molecular basis of human 46X,Y sex reversal revealed from the three-dimensional solution structure of the human SRY-DNA complex. Cell 81, 705-714.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.81 , pp. 705-714
    • Werner, M.H.1    Huth, J.R.2    Gronenborn, A.M.3    Clore, G.M.4
  • 48
    • 0025248506 scopus 로고
    • Cell lines of the pituitary gonadotrope lineage derived by targeted oncogenesis in transgenic mice
    • Windle, J. J., Weiner, R. I. and Mellon, P. L. (1990). Cell lines of the pituitary gonadotrope lineage derived by targeted oncogenesis in transgenic mice. Mol. Endocrinol. 4, 597-603.
    • (1990) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.4 , pp. 597-603
    • Windle, J.J.1    Weiner, R.I.2    Mellon, P.L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.