Citicoline improves memory performance in elderly subjects

Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 201-210

  Alvarez, X Antón ^a   Laredo, Marta ^a   Corzo, Dolores ^a   Fernández Novoa, Lucía ^a   Mouzo, Ricardo ^a   Perea, J Enrique ^b   Daniele, Danilo ^b   Cacabelos, Ramón ^a  

^a Centro de Investigacion Biomedica EuroEspes   (Spain)

^b Laboratorios Baliarda   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Citicoline; Elderly; Humans; Memory; Recall; Recognition

Indexed keywords

CITICOLINE;

AGED; AGING; AMNESIA; ARTICLE; BRAIN PROTECTION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DEMENTIA; HUMAN; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MEMORY; NEUROTRANSMISSION; RECALL; TASK PERFORMANCE;

AGED; AGING; BLOOD PRESSURE; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; CYTIDINE DIPHOSPHATE CHOLINE; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MALE; MEMORY; MENTAL RECALL; MIDDLE AGED; NIMODIPINE; NOOTROPIC AGENTS; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL;

EID: 0030917572     PISSN: 03790355     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Cacabelos, R., Nordberg, A., Caamaño, J. et al. Molecular strategies for the first generations ofantidementia drugs (I), Tacrine and related compounds. Drugs Today 1994, 30: 295-337.
2. 2+. J Biol Chem 1991, 266: 12419-23.
3. Trovarelli, G., Palmerini, C.A., Floridi, A., Piccini, G.L., Porcellati, G. The influence of cytidine on the endogenous pool of CDP-choline, CDP-ethanolamine, and cAMP of the rat brain. Neurochem Res 1984, 9: 73-9.
4. Wutman, R.J., Biusztajn, J.K., Ulus, I.H. et al. Choline metabolism in cholinergic neurons: Implications for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Adv Neurol 1990, 51: 117-25.
5. Alvarez, X.A., Lagares, R., Franco, A. et al. Effects of CDP-choline in rats with brain neurotoxic lesions. 4th Nice/Springfield Symposium on Advances in Alzheimer's Therapy 1996, 131.
6. Miguel-Hidalgo, J.J., Alvarez, X.A., Lagares, R., Franco, A., Fernández-Novoa, L., Cacabelos, R. Brain neurotoxic lesions in rats: Study of the neuroprotective effects of CDP-choline. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1996, 6 (Suppl. 3): 193-4.
7. Dorman, R. V., Dabrowiecki, Z., Horrocks, L.A. Effects of CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine on the alterations in rat brain lipid metabolism induced by global ischemia. J Neurochem 1983, 40: 276-9.
8. Kakihana, M., Fukuda, N., Suno, M., Nagaoka, A. Effects of CDP-choline on neurologic deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1988, 19: 217-22.
9. Alvarez, X.A., Vecino, B., Perea, J.E., Daniele, D., Cacabelos, R. CDP-choline antagonizes bromazepam-induced amnesia in rats. Human Psychopharmacol, in press.
10. Drago, F., Mauceri, F., Nardo, L., Valerio, C., Genazzani, A.A., Grassi, M. Effects of cytidine-diphosphocholine on acetylcholine-mediated behaviors in the rat. Brain Res Bull 1993, 31: 485-9.
11. Petkov, V.D., Mosharrof, A.H., Kehayov, R., Petkov, V.V., Konstantinova, E., Getova, D. Effect of CDP-choline on learning and memory processes in rodents. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1991, 14: 593-605.
12. Galletti, P., De Rosa, M., Cotticelli, M.G., Morana, A., Vaccaro, R., Zappia, V. Biochemical rationale for the use of CDP-choline in traumatic brain injury: Pharmacokinetics of the orally administered drug. J Neurol Sci 1991; 103: S19-S25.
13. Tazaki, Y., Sakai, F., Otomo, E. et al. Treatment of acute cerebral infarction with a choline precursor in a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study. Stroke 1988, 19: 211-6.
14. Chandra, B. Treatment of multi-infarct dementia with citicholine. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 1992, 2: 232-3.
15. Cacabelos, R., Alvarez, X.A., Franco-Maside, A., Fernández-Novoa, L., Caamaño, J. Effect of CDP-choline on cognition and immune function in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993, 695: 321-3.
16. Cacabelos, R., Caamaño, J., Gómez, M.J., Fernández-Novoa, L., Franco-Maside, A., Alvarez, X.A. Therapeutic effects of CDP-choline in Alzheimer's disease. Cognition, brain mapping, cerebrovascular hemodynamics, and immune factors. Ann NY Acad Sci 1996, 777: 399-403.
17. Light, L.L. Memory and aging: Four hypotheses in search for data. Annu Rev Psychol 1991, 42: 333-76.
18. Backman, L. Cognitive support and episodic memory functioning in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: A continuity view of the modifiability of memory performance in old age. Neurogerontol Neurogeriatr 1995, 1: 85-106.
19. Bartus, R.T., Dean, R.L., Beer, B., Lippa, A.S. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science 1982, 217: 408-14.
20. Bigi, V., Arendt, T. Cholinergic neurons on the central nervous system: Morphofunctional aspects. Acta Psychiat Scand (Suppl.) 1991, 366: 7-13.
21. Suryani, L.K., Adnjana, T.A.K., Jensen, G.D. Citicoline treatment of memory deficits in elderly people, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1988, 3: 235-26.
22. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). APA: Washington 1994.
23. McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D., Stadian, E.M. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group. Neurology 1984, 34: 939-44.
24. Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E., McHug. P.R. Mini-mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatry Res 1975, 12: 189-98.
25. Rosen, W.G., Mohs, R.C., Davis, K.L. A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1984, 141: 1356-64.
26. Overall. J.E., Schaltenbrand, R. The SKT neuropsychological test battery. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1992, 5: 220-7.
27. Ihl, R., Frölich. L., Dierks, T., Martin, E.M., Maurer, K. Differential validity of psychometric tests in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Psychiatry Res 1992, 44: 93-106.
28. 2 and cholinephosphotransferase activities following a cryogenic brain injury in the rabbit. Biochem Pharmacol 1987, 36: 3697-700.
29. Cervós-Mavarro, J., Lafuente, J.V. Effect of cytidine diphosphate choline on ultraviolet-induced brain edema. Adv Neurol 1990, 52: 421-9.
30. Alvarez, X.A., Franco, A., Fernández-Novoa, L., Cacabelos, R. Blood levels of histamine, IL-1β and TNF-α in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Mol Chem Neuropathol 1996, 29: 237-52.
31. Ceda, G.P., Ceresini, G., Denti, L. et al. Effects of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine administration on basal and growth hormone-releasing hormone-induced growth hormone secretion in elderly subjects. Acta Endocrinol 1991, 124: 516-20.
32. 2 on short-term memory: Neuroendocrine and neuropsychological assessment in healthy young subjects. Meth Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1990, 12: 493-9.
33. Alvarez, X.A., Cacabelos, R. Age- and sex-related serum growth hormone (GH) levels in psychiatric patients and healthy control subjects. A correlation study between GH values and cognitive performance. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1991, 10: 245-57.
34. Alvarez, X.A., Cacabelos, R. Influence of growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing factor on locomotor activity in rats. Peptides 1993, 14: 707-12.
35. Alvarez, X.A., Ayuso-Gutierrez, J.L., Cacabelos, R. Somatotropinergic system: Neurobiology and influence on brain activity and mental functions. Ann Psychiatry 1996, 6: 73-104.