Overexpression of the growth-hormone-releasing hormone gene in acromegaly-associated pituitary tumors: An event associated with neoplastic progression and aggressive behavior

American Journal of Pathology

Volumn 151, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 769-784

  Thapar, Kamal ^a,f   Kovacs, Kalman ^b   Stefaneanu, Lucia ^b   Scheithauer, Bernd ^c   Killinger, Donald W ^d   Lloyd, Ricardo V ^c   Smyth, Harley S ^a   Barr, Aiela ^a   Thorner, Michael O ^e   Gaylinn, Bruce ^e   Laws Jr , Edward R ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^f ST MICHAEL'S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR;

ACROMEGALY; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CARCINOGENESIS; FEMALE; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GROWTH HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPOPHYSIS; HYPOPHYSIS ADENOMA; HYPOPHYSIS TUMOR; IMMUNOBLOTTING; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NORTHERN BLOTTING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REMISSION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA TRANSCRIPTION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ACROMEGALY; ADENOMA; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; BLOTTING, NORTHERN; BLOTTING, WESTERN; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; FORECASTING; GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; KI-67 ANTIGEN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGNOSIS; RNA, MESSENGER;

EID: 0030884406     PISSN: 00029440     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Thapar K, Kovacs K, Muller P: Clinical-pathologic correlations of pituitary tumors. Baillière's Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 9:243-270
2. Nabarro JDN: Acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol 1987, 26:481-512
3. Molitch ME: Clinical manifestations of acromegaly. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1992, 21:597-614
4. Scheithauer B, Kovacs K, Laws ER Jr, Randall R: Pathology of invasive pituitary tumors with special reference to functional classification. J Neurosurg 1986, 65:733-744
5. Laws ER Jr: Neurosurgical management of acromegaly. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Adenomas. Edited by PR Cooper. Park Ridge, IL, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, pp 53-59
6. Fahlbusch R, Honegger J, Buchfelder M: Surgical management of acromegaly. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1992, 21:669-692
7. Ross DA, Wilson CB: Results of transsphenoidal microsurgery for growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma in a series of 214 patients. J Neurosurg 1988, 68:854-867
8. Thapar K, Kovacs K, Laws ER: Pituitary tumors. Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Edited by PM Black, JJ. Loeffler. Cambridge, MA, Blackwell Science, 1997, pp 363-422
9. Thapar K, Laws ER: Transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent pituitary tumors. Operative Neurosurgery. Edited by AH Kaye, PM Black. New York, Churchill Livingstone (in press)
10. Laws ER, Chenelle AG, Thapar K: Recurrence after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: clinical and basic science aspects. Pituitary Adenomas: From Basic Research to Diagnosis and Therapy. Edited by K von Werder, R Fahlbusch. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp 3-9
11. Thorner MO, Vance ML, Horvath E, Kovacs K: The anterior pituitary. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Edited by JD Wilson, DW Foster. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1992, pp 221-310
12. Mayo K, Godfrey P, Suhr S, Kulik D, Rahal J: Growth hormone-releasing hormone: synthesis and signaling. Rec Prog Hormone Res 1995, 50:35-73
13. Rauch C, Li J, Croissandeau G, Berthet M, Peillon F, Pagesy P: Characterization and localization of an immunoreactive growth hormone-releasing hormone precursor form in normal and tumoral human anterior pituitaries. Endocrinology 1995, 136:2594-2601
14. Kawamoto K, Uozumi T, Arita K, Takechi A, Kawamoto H: Secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone by GH-producing pituitary adenoma assessed by cell immunoblot analysis. Endocr J 1995, 42:89-93
15. Levy A, Lightman S: Growth hormone-releasing hormone transcripts in human pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992, 74: 1474-1476
16. Wakabayashi I, Inokuchi K, Hasegawa O, Sugihara H, Minami S: Expression of growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor gene in GH-producing pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992, 74: 357-361
17. Mouhieddine OE, Levy L, Benlot C, Peillon F, Joubert D: Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone tonically inhibits in vitro endogenous somatostatin in human GH-secreting tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 80:1691-1695
18. Mayo K, Vale W, Rivier J, Rosenfeld M, Evans R: Expression-cloning and sequence of cDNA encoding human growth hormone-releasing hormone. Nature 1983, 306:86-88
19. Stefaneanu L, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Lloyd R: In situ hybridization of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in human pituitary corticotrophs and their adenomas. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1991, 419:107-113
20. Thapar K, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Stefaneanu L, Chambers E, Mortimer A: Effects of spaceflight on morphology of the rat adenohypophysis. J Appl Physiol 1994, 77:1411-1420
21. Thapar K, Stefaneanu L, Kovacs K, Scheithauer BW, Lloyd RV, Laws ERJ: Estrogen receptor gene expression in craniopharyngioma: an in situ hybridization study. Neurosurgery 1994, 35:1012-1017
22. Chomczynski P, Sacchi N: Single step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-choroform extraction. Anal Biochem 1987, 162:156-159
23. Gaylinn BD, Harrison JK, Zysk JR, Lyons CE, Lynch KR, Thorner MO: Molecular cloning and expression of a human anterior pituitary receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol Endocrinol 1993, 7:77-84
24. Hsu SM, Raine L, Fanger H: The use of antiavidin antibody and avidin-biotin peroxidase complex in immunoperoxidase technics. Am J Clin Pathol 1981, 75:816-821
25. Taylor CR, Shan-Rong S, Chaiwun B, Young L, Imam SA, Cote RJ: Strategies for improving the immunohistochemical staining of various intranuclear prognostic markers in formalin-paraffin sections: androgen receptor, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, p53 protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and Ki-67 antigen revealed by antigen retrieval techniques. Hum Pathol 1994, 25:263-270
26. Harlow E, Land DP: Immunoblotting. Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1988, pp 471-510
27. Thapar K, Kovacs K, Scheithauer B, Stefaneanu L, Horvath E, Pernicone P, Murray D, Laws ER Jr: Proliferative activity and invasiveness among pituitary adenomas and carcinomas: an analysis using the MIB-1 antibody. Neurosurgery 1996, 38:99-107
28. Melmed S: Acromegaly. The Pituitary. Edited by S Melmed. Cambridge, MA, Blackwell Science, 1995, pp 413-442
29. Klibanski A, Zervas NT: Diagnosis and management of hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. N Engl J Med 1991, 324:822-831
30. Hardy J: Transphenoidal surgery of the normal and pathological pituitary. Clin Neurosurg 1969, 16:185-217
31. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S: Applied Logistic Regression. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1989, p 307
32. Melmed S: Etiology of pituitary acromegaly. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1992, 21:539-551
33. Thapar K, Kovacs K, Laws ER: The classification and molecular biology of pituitary adenomas. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 1995, 22:4-53
34. Frohman L: Growth hormone-releasing hormone. Endocr Rev 1986, 7:223-253
35. Spada A, Vallar L, Faglia G: Cellular alterations in pituitary tumors. Eur J Endocrinol 1994, 130:43-52
36. Vallar L, Spada A, Giannattasio G: Altered Gs and adenylate cyclase activity in human GH secreting pituitary tumors. Nature 1987, 330: 566-567
37. Lei T, Arams E, Buchfelder M, Fahlbusch R: Relationship between protein kinase C and adenylyl cyclase activity in the regulation of growth hormone secretion by human pituitary somatotrophinomas. Neurosurgery 1996, 39:569-576
38. Billestrup N, Mitchell RL, Vale W, Verma IL: Growth hormone-releasing factor induces c-fos expression in cultured primary pituitary cells. Mol Endocrinol 1987, 1:300-305
39. Billestrup N, Swanson LW, Vale W: Growth hormone-releasing factor stimulates proliferation of somatotrophs in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986, 83:6854-6857
40. Landis CA, Masters SB, Spada A, Pace AM, Bourne HR, Vallar L: GTPase inhibiting mutations activate the a chain of GS and stimulate adenylyl cyclase in human pituitary tumors. Nature 1989, 340:692-696
41. Frohman LA, Downs TR, Chomczynski P: Regulation of growth hormone secretion. Front Neuroendocrinol 1992, 13:344-405
42. Faglia G, Arosio M, Bazzoni N: Ectopic acromegaly. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1992, 21:575-595
43. Sano T, Asa SL, Kovacs K: Growth hormone-releasing hormone-producing tumors: clinical, biochemical, and morphological manifestations. Endocr Rev 1988, 9:357-373
44. Lloyd RV, Jin L, Chang A, Kulig E, Campler SA, Ross BD, Downs TR, Frohman LA: Morphologic effects of hGRH gene expression on the pituitary, liver, and pancreas of MT-hGHRH transgenic mice: an in situ hybridization analysis. Am J Pathol 1992, 141:895-906
45. Asa S, Kovacs K, Stefaneanu L, Horvath E, Billestrup N, Gonzalez-Manchon C, Vale W: Pituitary adenomas in mice transgenic for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 1992, 131:2083-2089
46. Stefaneanu L, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Asa SL, Losinski NE, Billestrup N, Price J, Vale W: Adenohypophysial changes in mice transgenic for human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF): a histological, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic investigation. Endocrinology 1989, 125:2710-2718
47. Landis CA, Harsh G, Lyons J, Davis RL, McCormick F, Bourne HR: Clinical characteristics of acromegalic patients whose pituitary tumors contain mutant Gs protein. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990, 71: 1416-1420
48. Joubert D, Benlot C, Lagoguey P, Gamier P, Brandi A, Gautron J, Legrand J, Peillon F: Normal and growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenomatous human pituitaries release somatostatin and GH-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989, 68:572-577
49. Spada A, Lania A: Hormone receptors in pituitary adenomas. Pituitary Adenomas. Edited by AM Landolt, ML Vance, PL Reilly. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1996 pp 59-71
50. Spada A, Elahi FR, Arosio M, Sartorio A, Guglielmino L, Vallar L, Faglia G: Lack of desensitization of adenomatous somatotrophs to growth-hormone releasing hormone in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987, 64:585-91
51. Benlot C, Pagesy P, Peillon F, Joubert-Bression D: Growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin in normal and tumoral human pituitaries. Peptides 1991, 12:945-950
52. Levy L, Bourdais J, Mouhieddine B, Benlot C, Villares S, Cohen P, Peillon F, Joubert D: Presence and characterization of the somatostatin precursor in normal human pituitaries and in growth hormone secreting adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993, 76:85-90
53. Reichlin S: Pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. Pituitary Adenomas: New Trends in Basic and Clinical Research. Edited by G Faglia, P Beck-Peccoz, B Ambrosi, P Travaglini, A Spada. Amsterdam, Elsevier Science, 1991, pp 113-122
54. Melmed S: Acromegaly. N Engl J Med 1990, 322:966-977
55. Faglia G, Spada A: The role of the hypothalamus in pituitary neoplasia. Baillière's Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 9:225-242
56. Miller G, Alexander J, Klibanski A: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone messenger RNA expression in gonadotroph tumors and nomal human pituitary. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996, 81:80-83
57. Pagesy P, Croissandeau G, Le Dafniet M, Peillon F, Li JY: Detection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) mRNA by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the human normal and tumoral anterior pituitary. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992, 182:182-187
58. Levy A, Lightman S: The pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas. Clin Endocrinol 1993, 38:559-570
59. Li J, Pagesy P, Berthet M, Racadot O, Kujas M, Racadot J, Peillon F: Somatostatin cells in human somatotropic adenomas. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1992, 420:95-101
60. Pagesy P, Li JY, Rentier-Delrue F, Delalande O, Le Bouc Y, Kujas M, Joubert D, Martial J, Peillon F: Growth hormone and somatostatin gene expression in pituitary adenomas with active acromegaly and minimal plasma growth hormone elevation. Acta Endocrinol 1990, 122:745-752
61. Zarandi M, Horvath J, Halmos G, Pinski J, Nagy A, Groot K, Rekasi Z, Schally A: Synthesis and biological activities of highly potent antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:12298-12302