Temporal-geographical meltwater influences on the North Atlantic conveyor: Implications for the Younger Dryas

Paleoceanography

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 307-320

  Fanning, Augustus F ^a   Weaver, Andrew J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COUPLED MODEL; DEEP WATER FORMATION; LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET; MELTWATER; MELTWATER DISCHARGE; MODEL; NADW; PALAEOCEANOGRAPHY; PALAEOCLIMATE; YOUNGER DRYAS;

ATLANTIC, (NORTH);

EID: 0030875821     PISSN: 08838305     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/96pa03726     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Atkinson, T.C., K.R. Briffa, and G.R. Coope, Seasonal temperatures in Britain during the past 22,000 years, reconstructed using beetle remains, Nature, 325, 587-591, 1987.
2. Bard, E., B. Hamelin, M. Arnold, L. Montaggioni, G. Cabioch, G. Faure, and F. Rougerie, Deglacial sea-level record from Tahiti corals and the timing of global meltwater discharge, Nature, 382, 241-244, 1996.
3. Behl, R.J., and J.P. Kennett, Brief interstadial events in the Santa Barbara basin, NE Pacific, during the past 60 kyr, Nature, 379, 243-246, 1996.
4. Bohncke, S.J.P., Lateglacial environmental changes in the Netherlands: Spatial and temporal patterns, Quat. Sci. Rev., 12, 707-717, 1993.
5. Boyle, E.A., and L.D. Keigwin, Comparison of Atlantic and Pacific paleochemical records for the last 250,000 years: Changes in deep ocean circulation and chemical inventories, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 76, 135-150, 1985.
6. Broecker, W.S., Salinity history of the Northern Atlantic during the last deglaciation, Paleoceanography, 5, 459-467, 1990.
7. Broecker, W.S., The great ocean conveyor, Oceanography, 4, 79-89, 1991.
8. Broecker, W.S., Chaotic climate, Sci. Am., 273, 62-68, 1995.
9. Broecker, W.S., Glacial climate in the tropics, Science, 272, 1902-1904, 1996.
10. Broecker, W.S., D.M. Peteet, and D. Rind, Does the ocean-atmosphere system have more than one stable mode of operation?, Nature, 315, 21-26, 1985.
11. Broecker, W.S., M. Andree, W. Wolfli, H. Oeschger, G. Bonani, J. Kennett, and D. Peteet, The chronology of the last deglaciation: Implications to the cause of the Younger Dryas event, Paleoceanography, 3, 1-19, 1988.
12. Burrows, C.J., and J. Gellatly, Holocene glacial history in New Zealand, in Holocene Glaciers, edited by W. Karlen, Striae, 18, 41-47, 1982.
13. Charles, C.D., and R.G. Fairbanks, Evidence from Southern Ocean sediments for the effect of North Atlantic deepwater flux on climate, Nature, 355, 416-419, 1992.
14. Clark, P.U., R.B. Alley, L.D. Keigwin, J.M. Licciardi, S.J. Johnsen, and H. Wang, Origin of the first meltwater pulse following the last glacial maximum, Paleoceanography, 11, 563-577, 1996.
15. da Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, Anomalies of heat and momentum fluxes, in Atlas of Surface Marine Data 1994, vol. 3, 413 pp., Natl. Oceanic and Atmos. Admin., Washington, D. C., 1994.
16. Dansgaard, W., S.J. Johnsen, H.B. Clausen, D. Dahl-Jensen, N. Gundestrup, C.U. Hammer, and H. Oeschger, North Atlantic climatic oscillations revealed by deep Greenland ice cores, in Climatic Processes and Climate Sensitivity, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 29, edited by J.E. Hansen and T. Takahashi, pp. 288-298, Washington, D.C., 1984.
17. Dansgaard, W., et al., Evidence for general instability in past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record, Nature, 364, 218-220, 1993.
18. de Q. Robin, G., Ice cores and climatic change, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, 280, 143-168, 1977.
19. Eicher, U., Pollen-und Sauerstoffisotopenanalysen an spatglazialen profilen vom Gerzensee, Faulenseemoos und vom Regenmoos ob Boltigen Mitteilungen Naturforschende Gesellschaft Bern, Neue Folge, 37, 65-80, 1980.
20. Eicher, U., U. Siegenthaler, and S. Wegmuller, Pollen and isotope analysis on late and post-glacial sediments of the Tourbiere de Chirens (Dauphine, France), Quat. Res., 15, 160-170, 1981.
21. England, M.H., J.S. Godfrey, A.C. Hirst, and M. Tomczak, The mechanism for Antarctic intermediate water renewal in a world ocean model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 1553-1560, 1993.
22. Fairbanks, R.G., The age and origin of the 'Younger Dryas climate event' in Greenland ice cores, Paleoceanography, 5, 937-948, 1990.
23. Fanning, A.F., and A.J. Weaver, An atmospheric energy-moisture balance model: Climatology, interpentadal climate change, and coupling to an ocean general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 15,111-15,128, 1996.
24. Graves, C.E., W.H. Lee, and G.R. North, New parameterizations and sensitivities for simple climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 5025-5036, 1993.
25. Guilderson, T.P., R.G. Fairbanks, and J.L. Rubenstone, Tropical temperature variations since 20,000 years ago: Modulating interhemispheric climate change, Science, 263, 663-665, 1994.
26. Haidvogel, D.B., and F.O. Bryan, Ocean general circulation modeling, in Climate System Modeling, edited by K.E. Trenberth, pp. 371-412, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1992.
27. Hughen, K.A., J.T. Overpeck, L.C. Peterson, and S. Trumbore, Rapid climate changes in the tropical Atlantic region during the last deglaciation, Nature, 380, 51-54, 1996.
28. Hughes, T.M.C., and A.J. Weaver, Multiple equilibria of an asymmetric two-basin ocean model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 619-637, 1994.
29. Johnson, R.G., and B.T. McClure, A model for northern hemisphere continental ice sheet variation, Quat. Res., 6, 325-353, 1976.
30. 18O atmospheric cycles using the NASA GISS general circulation model: The seasonal cycle for present-day conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 14,739-14,760, 1987.
31. Jouzel, J., et al., The deglaciation in Antarctica: Further evidence of a 'Younger Dryas' type climate event, in The Last Deglaciation: Absolute and Radiocarbon Chronologies, NATO ASI Ser., 12, edited by E. Bard and W.S. Broecker, pp. 229-266, Springer, New York, 1992.
32. Keigwin, L.D., G.A. Jones, and S. Lehman, Deglacial meltwater discharge, North Atlantic deep circulation, and abrupt climate change, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 16,811-16,826, 1991.
33. Kennett, J.P., The Younger Dryas cooling event: An introduction, Paleoceanography, 5, 891-895, 1990.
34. Kennett, J.P., and N.J. Shackleton, Laurentide ice sheet meltwater recorded in Gulf of Mexico deep-sea cores, Science, 188, 147-150, 1975.
35. Kennett, J.P., and B.L. Ingram, A 20,000-year record of ocean circulation and climate change from the Santa Barbara basin, Nature, 377, 510-514, 1995.
36. Kerr, R.A., Ice bubbles confirm big chill, Science, 272, 1584-1585, 1996.
37. Kotilainen, A.T., and N.J. Shackleton, Rapid climate variability in the North Pacific ocean during the past 95,000 years, Nature, 377, 323-326, 1995.
38. Kuhry, P., H. Hooghiesmstra, B. Van Geel, and T. van der Hammen, The El Abra stadial in the eastern Cordillera of Columbia (South America), Quai. Sci. Rev., 12, 333-343, 1993.
39. Labeyrie, L.D., J.C. Duplessy, and P.L. Blanc, Variations in mode of formation and temperature of oceanic deep waters over the past 125,000 years, Nature, 327, 477-482, 1987.
40. Lehman, S.J., and L.D. Keigwin, Sudden changes in North Atlantic circulation during the last glaciation, Nature, 356, 757-762, 1992a.
41. Lehman, S.J., and L.D. Keigwin, Deep circulation revisited, Nature, 358, 197, 1992b.
42. Lorius, C., L. Merlivat, J. Jouzel, and M. Pourchet, A 30,000-yr. isotope record from Antarctic ice, Nature, 280, 644-648, 1979.
43. Maier-Reimer, E., and U. Mikolajewicz, Experiments with an OGCM on the cause of the Younger Dryas, in Oceanography, edited by A. Ayala-Castanares, W. Wooster, and A. Yanez-Arancibia, pp. 87-99, UNAM Press, Mexico, 1989.
44. Manabe, S., and R.J. Stouffer, Two stable equilibria of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, J. Clim., 1, 841-866, 1988.
45. Manabe, S., and R.J. Stouffer, Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic ocean, Nature, 378, 165-167, 1995.
46. Marotzke, J., Instabilities and multiple steady states of the thermohaline circulation, in Oceanic Circulation Models: Combining Data and Dynamics, NATO ASI Ser. 284, edited by D.L.T. Anderson and J. Willebrand, pp. 501-511, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass., 1989.
47. Marotzke, J., Instabilities and multiple equilibria of the thermohaline circulation, Ph.D. thesis, no. 194, 126 pp., Ber. Inst. Meeresk., Kiel, Germany, 1990.
48. McCartney, M.S., Recirculating components of the deep boundary current of the northern North Atlantic, Prog. Oceanogr., 29, 283-383, 1992.
49. McCave, I.N., B. Manlghetti, and N.A.S. Beveridge, Circulation in the glacial North Atlantic inferred from grain-size measurements, Nature, 374, 149-152, 1995.
50. 18O in the oceans, Rep. 189, Max Planck Inst. for Meteorol., Hamburg, Germany, 1996.
51. Neelin, J.D., On the interpretation of the Gill model, J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2466-2468, 1989.
52. Pacanowski, R., K. Dixon, and A. Rosati, The G.F.D.L modular ocean model users guide, GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. 2, 46 pp., Geophys. Fluid Dyn., Princeton, N. J., 1993.
53. Peixóto, J.P., and A. H. Oort, Physics of Climate, 520 pp., Am. Inst. of Phys., New York, 1992.
54. Peteet, D., R.A. Daniels, L.E. Heusser, J.S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, and D.E. Nelson, Late-glacial pollen, macrofossils and fish remains in northeastern U.S.A.- The Younger Dryas oscillation, Quai. Sci. Rev., 12, 597-612, 1993a.
55. Peteet, D., R. Alley, G. Bond, J. Chappellez, C. Clapperton, A. Del Genio, and L. Keigwin, Global Younger Dryas?, EOS Trans. AGU, 74(50) 587-589, 1993b.
56. Rahmstorf, S., Rapid climate transitions in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, Nature, 372, 82-85, 1994.
57. Rahmstorf, S., Bifurcations of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation in response to changes in the hydrological cycle, Nature, 378, 145-149, 1995.
58. Rind, D., D. Peteet, W. Broecker, A. McIntyre, and W. Ruddiman, The impact of cold North Atlantic sea surface temperatures on climate: Implications for the Younger Dryas cooling (11-10 k), Clim. Dyn., 1, 3-33, 1986.
59. Rooth, C., Hydrology and ocean circulation., Prog. Oceanogr., 11, 131-149, 1982.
60. Sarnthein, M., et al., Variations in Atlantic surface ocean paleoceanography, 50° - 80°N: A time-slice record of the last 30,000 years, Paleoceanography, 10, 1063-1094, 1995.
61. Schiller, A., U. Mikolajewicz, and R. Voss, The stability of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model, Rep. 188, Max Planck Inst. for Meteorol., Hamburg, Germany, 1996.
62. Schmitz, W.J., On the interbasin-scale thermohaline circulation, Rev. Geophys., 33, 151-173, 1995.
63. Semtner, A.J., A model for the thermodynamic growth of sea ice in numerical investigations of climate, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 379-389, 1976.
64. Sikes, E.L., and L.D. Keigwin, A reexamination of northeast Atlantic sea surface temperature and salinity over the last 16 kyr, Paleoceanography, 11, 327-342, 1996.
65. Stocker, T.F., and D.G. Wright, Rapid transitions of the ocean's deep circulation induced by changes in surface water fluxes, Nature, 351, 729-732, 1991.
66. Teller, J.T., Meltwater and precipitation runoff to the North Atlantic, Arctic, and Gulf of Mexico from the Laurentide Ice sheet and adjacent regions during the Younger Dryas, Paleoceanography, 5, 897-905, 1990.
67. Teller, J.T., and L. Clayton (Eds.), Glacial Lake Agassiz, Geol. Assoc. Can. Spec. Pap., 26, 451 pp., 1983.
68. Thompson, K.R., R.F. Marsden, and D. Wright, Estimation of low-frequency wind stress fluctuations over the open ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1003-1011, 1983.
69. Thompson, L.G., E. Mosley-Thompson, M.E. Davis, P.-N. Lin, K.A. Henderson, J. Cole-Dai, J.F. Bolzan, and K.-B. Liu, Late glacial stage and Holocene tropical ice core records from Huascarán, Peru, Science, 269, 46-50, 1995.
70. Thompson, S.J., and S.G. Warren, Parameterization of outgoing infrared radiation derived from detailed radiative calculations, J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2667-2680, 1982.
71. UNESCO, Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater, UNESCO Tech. Pap. in Marine Sci. 44, Paris, 1983.
72. Washington, W.M., A.J. Semtner, C. Parkinson, and L. Morrison, On the development of a seasonal change seaice model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 679-685, 1976.
73. Watts, W.A., Lateglacial vegetation and climate of the Atlantic coast of Europe, in Paleoclimate Research and Models, edited by A. Ghazi, 74-80, Reidel, New York, 1983
74. Weaver, A.J., and T.M.C. Hughes, On the incompatibility of ocean and atmosphere models and the need for flux adjustments, Clim. Dyn., 12, 141-170, 1996.
75. Weaver, A.J., and E.S. Sarachik, The role of mixed boundary conditions in numerical models of the ocean's climate J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 1470-1493, 1991.
76. Weaver, A.J., J. Marotzke, P.F. Cummins, and E.S. Sarachik, Stability and variability of the thermohaline circulation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 39-60, 1993.