Effects of inactivating individual cerebellar nuclei on the performance and retention of an operantly conditioned forelimb movement

Journal of Neurophysiology

Volumn 78, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 939-959

  Milak, M S ^a   Shimansky, Y ^a   Bracha, V ^a   Bloedel, J R ^a  

^a BARROW NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MUSCIMOL;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARM MOVEMENT; ARTICLE; CAT; CEREBELLUM NUCLEUS; CONTROLLED STUDY; INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING; KINESIOLOGY; LONG TERM MEMORY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TASK PERFORMANCE; VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT;

EID: 0030841841     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.939     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. AMASSIAN, V. E., REISNE, H., AND WERTENBAKER, C. Neural pathways subserving plasticity of contact placing. J. Physiol. Lond. 242: 67-69, 1974.
2. AMASSIAN, V. E. AND Ross, R. Cerebellothalamocortical interrelations in contact placing and other movements in cats. In: Corticothalamic Projections and Sensorimotor Activities, edited by T. Frigyesi, E. Rinvik and M. D. Yahr. New York: Raven Press, 1972, p. 395-444.
3. AMASSIAN, V. E. AND RUDELL, A. When does the cerebellum become important in coordinating placing movements. J. Physiol. Lond. 276: 35-36, 1978.
4. AMASSIAN, V. E., WEINER, H., AND ROSENBLUM, M. Neural systems subserving the tactile placing reaction: a model for the study of higher level control of movement. Brain Res. 40: 171-178, 1972.
5. BEAUBATON, D. AND TROUCHE, E. Participation of the cerebellar dentate nucleus in the control of a goal-directed movement in monkeys. Exp. Brain Res. 46: 127-138, 1982.
6. BECKER, W. J., MORRICE, B. L., CLARK, A. W., AND LEE, R. G. Multi-joint reaching movements and eye-hand tracking in cerebellar incoordination: investigation of a patient with complete loss of Purkinje cells. Can. J. Neural. Sci. 18: 476-487, 1991.
7. BLOEDEL, J. R. Functional heterogeneity with structural homogeneity: how does the cerebellum operate? Behav. Brain Sci. 15: 666-678, 1992.
8. BLOEDEL, J. R. AND BRACHA, V. On the cerebellum, cutaneomuscular reflexes, movement control and the elusive engrams of memory. Behav. Brain Res. 68: 1-44, 1995.
9. BLOEDEL, J. R., BRACHA, V., SHIMANSKY, Y., AND MILAK, M. S. The role of the cerebellum in the acquisition of complex, volitional forelimb movements. In: Acquisition of Motor Behavior in Vertebrates, edited by J. R. Bloedel, T. J. Ebner, and S. P. Wise. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996, p. 319-342.
10. BLOEDEL, J. R. AND COURVILLE, J. A review of cerebellar afferent systems. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control, Baltimore, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1981, sect. 1, vol. II, p. 735-830.
11. BONNEFOI-KYRIACOU, B., TROUCHE, E., LEGALLET, E., AND VIALLET, F. Planning and execution of pointing movements in cerebellar patients. Movement Disorders 10: 171-178, 1995.
12. BOTTERELL, E. H. AND FULTON, J. F. Functional localization in the cerebellum of primates. II. Lesions of the hemispheres (neocerebellum). J. Comp. Neurol. 69: 63-87, 1938a.
13. BOTTERELL, E. H. AND FULTON, J. F. Functional localization in the cerebellum of primates. II. Lesions of the midline structures (vermis) and deep nuclei. J. Comp. Neural. 69: 47-62, 1938b.
14. BRACHA, V., WEBSTER, M. L., WINTERS, N. K., IRWIN, K. B., AND BLOEDEL, J. R. Effects of muscimol inactivation of the cerebellar nucleus interpositus on the performance of the nictitating membrane response in the rabbit. Exp. Brain Res. 100: 453-468, 1994.
15. BRACHA, V., Wu, J.-Z., CARTWRIGHT, S., AND BLOEDEL, J. R. Selective involvement of the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the conditioned nictitating membrane reflex of the rabbit. Brain Res. 556: 317-320, 1991.
16. BRACKE-TOLKMITT, R., LINDEN, A., CANAVAN, A. G. M., ROCKSTROH, B., SCHOLZ, E., WESSEL, K., AND DIENER, H.-C. The cerebellum contributes to mental skills. Behav. Neurosci. 103: 442-446, 1989.
17. BROOKS, V. B., KOZLOVSKAYA, I. B., ATKIN, A., HORVATH, F. E., AND UNO, M. Effects of cooling dentate nucleus on tracking-task performance in monkeys. J. Neurophysiol. 36: 974-995, 1973.
18. CANAVAN, A. G. M., SPRENGELMEYER, R., DIENER, H.-C., AND HOMBERG, V. Conditional associative learning is impaired in cerebellar disease in humans. Behav. Neurosci. 108: 1-11, 1994.
19. CARREA, R.M.E. AND METTLER, F. A. Physiologic consequences following extensive removals of the cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei and effect of secondary cerebral ablations in the primate. J. Comp. Neurol. 87: 169, 1947.
20. CARREA, R.M.E. AND METTLER, F. A. Function of the primate brachium conjunctivum and related structures. J. Comp. Neurol. 102: 151, 1955.
21. CHAMBERS, W. W. AND SPRAGUE, J. M. Functional localization in the cerebellum. I. Organization in longitudinal cortico-nuclear zones and their contribution to the control of posture, both extrapyramidal and pyramidal. J. Comp. Neural. 103: 105-130, 1955a.
22. CHAMBERS, W. W. AND SPRAGUE, J. M. Functional localization in the cerebellum. II. Somatotopic organization in cortex and nuclei. Arch. Neural. Psychiatry 74: 653-680, 1955b.
23. DAUM, I. AND ACKERMANN, H. Cerebellar contributions to cognition. Behav. Brain Res. 67: 201-210, 1995.
24. DEUSCHL, G., TORO, C., ZEFFIRO, T., MASSAQUOI, S., AND HALLETT, M. Adaptation motor learning of arm movements in patients with cerebellar disease. J. Neural. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 60: 515-519, 1996.
25. DIENER, H. C., DICHGANS, I., GUSCHLBAUER. B., BACHER, M., AND LANGENBACH, P. Disturbances of motor preparation in basal ganglia and cerebellar disorders. In: Progress in Brain Research. Afferent Control of Posture and Locomotion, edited by J.H.J. Allum and M. Hullinger. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1989, vol. 80, p. 481-488.
26. Du LAC. S., RAYMOND, J. L., SEJNOWSKI, T. J., AND LISBERGER, S. G. Learning and memory in the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 18: 409-441. 1995.
27. EBNER, T. J. AND Fu, Q. What features of visually guided arm movements are encoded in the simple spike discharge of cerebellar Purkinje cells? In: The Cerebellum: From Structure to Control, edited by C. I. DeZeeuw and P. Strata. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1997. In press.
28. FIEZ, J. A., PETERSEN, S. E., CHENEY, M. K., AND RAICHLE, M. E. Impaired non-motor learning and error detection associated with cerebellar damage. Brain 115: 155-178, 1992.
29. FLAMENT, D., VILIS, T., AND HORE, J. Dependence of cerebellar tremor on proprioceptive but not visual feedback. Exp. Neural. 84: 314-325, 1984.
30. FUNAHASHI, S. AND KUBOTA, K. Working memory and prefrontal cortex. Neurosci. Res. 21: 1-11, 1994.
31. GEORGOPOULOS, A. P. Higher order motor control. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 14: 361-377, 1991.
32. GIBSON, A. R., HORN, K. M., AND VAN KAN, P.L.E. Grasping cerebellar function. In: Insight into the Reach to Grasp Movement, edited by K.M.B. Bennett and U. Castiello. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1994, p. 85-108.
33. GILMAN, S., BLOEDEL, J. R., AND LECHTENBERG, R. Disorders of the Cerebellum. Philadelphia: Davis Co., 1981.
34. GILMAN, S., CARR, D., AND HOLLENBERG, J. Kinematic effects of deafferentation and cerebellar ablation. Brain 99: 311-330, 1976.
35. GLASER, E. M. AND RUCHKIN, D. S. Principles of Neurobiological Signal Analysis. New York: Academic, 1976, p. 103.
36. GLICKSTEIN, M. The cerebellum and motor learning. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2: 802-806, 1992.
37. GOLDBERGER, M. E. AND GROWDON, J. H. Pattern of recovery following cerebellar deep nuclear lesions in monkeys. Exp. Neurol. 39: 307-322, 1973.
38. GOLDMAN-RAKIC, P. S. Working memory and the mind. Science Wash. DC 267: 110-117, 1992.
39. GOLDMAN-RAKIC, P. S. Cellular basis of working memory. Neuron 14: 477-485, 1995.
40. GOODKIN, H. P., KEATING, J. G., MARTIN, T. A., AND THACH, W. T. Preserved simple and impaired compound movement after infarction in the territory of the superior cerebellar artery. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 20, Suppl. 3: S93-S104, 1993.
41. HAGGARD, P., JENNER, J., AND WING, A. Coordination of aimed movements in a case of unilateral cerebellar damage. Neuropsychologia 32: 827-846, 1996.
42. HELM, G. A., PALMER, P. E., SIMMONS, N. E., DIPIERRO, C. G., AND EBBESSON, S.O.E. A method for utilizing biocytin to study retinofugal pathways at the light and electron miscroscopic levels. J. Neurosci. Methods 49: 97-101, 1993.
43. HORE, J. AND VILIS, T. Loss of set in muscle responses to limb perturbations during cerebellar dysfunction. J. Neurophysiol. 51: 1137-1148, 1984.
44. HORE, J. AND FLAMENT, T. Evidence that a disordered servo-like mechanism contributes to tremor in movements during cerebellar dysfunction. J. Neurophysiol. 56: 123-136, 1986.
45. HORN, R. A. AND JOHNSON, C. R. Matrix Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
46. ITO, M. The Cerebellum and Neural Control. New York: Raven Press, 1984.
47. JANSEN, J. AND BRODAL, A. Experimental studies on the intrinsic fibers of the cerebellum. II. The cortico-nuclear projections. J. Comp. Neural. 73: 267-321, 1940.
48. JEANNEROD, M. The Neural and Behavioural Organisation of Goal-Directed Movement. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
49. KANDEL, E. R., SCHWARTZ, J. H., AND JESSELL, T. M. Essentials of Neural Science and Behavior. Norwalk: Appelton and Lange, 1996.
50. KELLY, T. M., Zuo, C.-C., AND BLOEDEL, J. R. Classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex in the decerebrate-decerebellate rabbit. Behav. Brain Res. 38: 7-18, 1990.
51. KIM, S.-G., UGURBIL, K., AND STRICK, P. L. Activation of a cerebellar output nucleus during cognitive processing. Science Wash. DC 265: 949-951, 1994.
52. KOLB, F. P., IRWIN, K. B., BLOEDEL, J. R., AND BRACHA, V. Conditioned and unconditioned forelimb reflex systems in the cat: involvement of the intermediate cerebellum. Exp. Brain Res. 114: 255-270, 1997.
53. KOLB, F. P., IRWIN, K. B., WINTERS, N. K., BLOEDEL, J. R., AND BRACHA, V. Involvement of the cat cerebellar interposed nucleus in the control of conditioned and unconditioned withdrawal reflexes. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 20: 1746, 1994.
54. KOLB, F. P., RUBIA, F. J., AND BAUSWEIN, E. Comparative analysis of cerebellar unit discharge patterns in the decerebrate cat during passive movements. Exp. Brain. Res. 68: 219-233, 1987.
55. LEINER, H. C., LEINER, A. L., AND Dow. R. S. Cognitive and language functions of the human cerebellum. Trends Neurosci. 16: 444-447, 1993.
56. LISBERGER, S. G., PAVELKO, T. A., AND BROUSSARD, D. M. Neural basis for motor learning in the vestibuloocular reflex of primates. I. Changes in the responses of brain stem neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 928-953, 1994.
57. MACKAY, W. A. Unit activity in the cerebellar nuclei related to arm reaching movements. Brain Res. 442: 240-254, 1988.
58. MACKAY, W. A. AND MURPHY, J. T. Cerebellar modulation of reflex gain. Prog. Neurobiol. 13: 361-417, 1979.
59. MARPLE-HORVAT, D. E. AND STEIN, J. F. Cerebellar neuronal activity related to arm movements in trained rhesus monkeys. J. Physiol. Lond. 394: 351-366, 1987.
60. MARTIN, J. H. Autoradiographic estimation of the extent of reversible inactivation produced by microinjection of lidocaine and muscimol in the rat. Neurosci. Lett. 127: 160-164, 1991.
61. MASSAQUOI, S. AND HALLETT, M. Kinematics of initiating a two-joint arm movement in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Can. J. Neural. Sci. 23: 3-14, 1996.
62. MENETREY, D. Retrograde tracing of neural pathways with a protein-gold complex. I. Light microscopic detection after silver intensification. Histochemistry 83: 391-395, 1985.
63. MEYER-LOHMANN, J., CONRAD, B., MATSUNAMI, K., AND BROOKS, V. B. Effects of dentate cooling on precentral unit activity following torque pulse injections into elbow movements. Brain Res. 94: 237-251, 1975.
64. MEYER-LOHMANN, J., HORE, I., AND BROOKS, V. B. Cerebellar participation in generation of prompt arm movements. Neurophysiology 40: 1038-1050, 1977.
65. MIDDLETON, F. A. AND STRICK, P. L. Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function. Science Wash. DC 266: 458-461, 1994.
66. MIALL, R. C., WEIR, D. J., AND STEIN, J. F. Visuo-motor tracking during reversible inactivation of the cerebellum. Exp. Brain Res. 65: 4550464, 1987.
67. MILAK, M. S., BRACHA, V., KOLB, F., MCALDUFF, J. D., AND BLOEDEL, J. R. Selective effects of muscimol injections into cerebellar nuclei in cats performing both a locomotor and a reaching task. Neurosci. Abstr. 18: 1550, 1992.
68. NAKAMURA, R. AND TANIGUCHI, R. Dependence of reaction times on movement patterns in patients with Parkinson's disease and those with cerebellar degeneration. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 132: 153-158, 1980.
69. RAYMOND, J. L., LISBERGER, S. G., AND MAUK, M. D. The cerebellum: a neuronal learning machine? Science Wash. DC 272: 1126-1131, 1996.
70. ROBINSON, F. R. Role of the cerebellum in movement control and adaptation. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5: 755-762, 1995.
71. RUBIA, F. J. AND KOLB, E. P. Responses of cerebellar units to a passive movement in the decerebrate cat. Exp. Brain Res. 31: 387-401, 1978.
72. SCHIEBER, M. H. AND THACH, JR., W. T. Trained slow tracking. II. Bidirectional discharge patterns of cerebellar nuclear, motor cortex, and spindle afferent neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 54: 1228-1270, 1985.
73. SCHWARTZ, A. B., EBNER, T. J., AND BLOEDEL, J. R. Comparison of responses in dentate and interposed nuclei to perturbations of the locomotor cycle. Exp. Brain Res. 67: 323-338, 1987.
74. SEITZ, R. J., CANAVAN, A.G.M., YAGUEZ, L., HERZOG, H., TELLMANN, L., KNORR, U., HUANG, Y., AND HOMBERG, V. Successive role of the cerebellum and premotor cortices in trajectorial learning. Neuroreport 5: 2541-2544, 1994.
75. SHIMANSKY, Yu., WANG, J.-J., BLOEDEL, J. R., AND BRACHA, V. Effects of inactivating the deep cerebellar nuclei on the learning of a complex forelimb movement. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 20: 21, 1994.
76. SOECHTING, J. F. Effect of target size on spatial and temporal characteristics of a pointing movement in man. Exp. Brain Res. 54: 121-132, 1984.
77. SPIDALIERI, G., BUSBY, L., AND LAMARRE, Y. Fast ballistic arm movements triggered by visual, auditory, and somesthetic stimuli in the monkey. II. Effects of unilateral dentate lesion on discharge of precentral cortical neurons and reaction time. J. Neurophysiol. 50: 1359-1379, 1983.
78. THACH, W. T. Discharge of cerebellar neurons related to two maintained postures and two prompt movements. II. Purkinje cell output and input. J. Neurophysiol 33: 537-547, 1970a.
79. THACH, W. T. Discharge of cerebellar neurons related to two maintained postures and two prompt movements. I. Nuclear cell output. J. Neurophysiol. 33: 527-536, 1970b.
80. THACH, W. T. Correlation of neural discharge with pattern and force of muscular activity, joint position, and direction of intended next movement in motor cortex and cerebellum. J. Neurophysiol. 41: 654-676, 1978.
81. THACH, W. T., GOODKIN, H. P., AND KEATING, J. G. The cerebellum and the adaptive coordination of movement. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 15: 403-442, 1992.
82. THACH, W. T., PERRY, J. G., KANE, S. A., AND GOODKIN, H. P. Cerebellar nuclei: rapid alternating movement, motor somatotopy, and a mechanism for the control of muscle synergy. Rev. Neurolog. 149: 607-628, 1993.
83. THOMPSON, R. F. AND KRUPA, D. J. Organization of memory traces in the mammalian brain. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 17: 519-549, 1994.
84. TROUCHE, E. AND BEAUBATON, D. Initiation of a goal-directed movement in the monkey: role of the cerebellar dentate nucleus. Exp. Brain Res. 40: 311-321, 1980.
85. UNO, M., KOSLOVSKAYA, I. B., AND BROOKS, V. B. Effects of cooling interposed nuclei on tracking-task performance in monkeys. J. Neurophysiol. 36: 996-1003, 1973.
86. VAN KAN, P.L.E., HOUK, J. C., AND GIBSON, A. R. Output organization of intermediate cerebellum of the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 69: 57-73, 1993.
87. VERCHER, J.-L. AND GAUTHIER, G. M. Cerebellar involvement in the coordination control of the oculo-manual tracking system: effects of cerebellar dentate nucleus lesion. Exp. Brain Res. 73: 155-166, 1988.
88. WELSH, J. P. AND HARVEY, J. A. Pavlovian conditioning in the rabbit during inactivation of the interpositus nucleus. J. Physiol. Lond. 44: 459-480, 1991.