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The state of addiction - both the clinical condition and the brain state - is qualitatively different from the effects of large amounts of drugs. The individual, once addicted, has moved from a state where drug use is voluntary and controlled to one where drug craving, seeking, and use are no longer under the same kind of voluntary control, and these changes reflect changes in brain function. The exact mechanisms involved are not known. For example, it is not clear whether that change in state reflects a relatively precipitous change in a singe mechanism or multiple mechanisms acting in concert, or whether the shift to addiction represents the sum of more gradual neuroadaptations. Moreover, there are individual differences in the vulnerability to becoming addicted and the speed of becoming addicted. For some individuals, the metaphorical switch moves quickly, whereas for others the changes occur quite gradually (6-70).
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