The epidermis: Genes on - Genes off

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

Volumn 109, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 501-509

  Eckert, R L ^a   Crish, J F ^a   Banks, E B ^a   Welter, J F ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

AP1; Gene regulation; Keratinocyte; Transcription factor

Indexed keywords

TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR SP1;

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CORNEA CELL; DNA SEQUENCE; EPIDERMIS CELL; GENE ISOLATION; GENE LOCATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; KERATINOCYTE; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

EID: 0030764789     PISSN: 0022202X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12336477     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. V.R. Agarwal S.M. Sato XLPOU 1 and XLPOU 2, two novel POU domain genes expressed in the dorsonterior region of Xenopus embryos Dev Biol 147 1991 363 373
2. B. Andersen M.D. Sehonemann S.E. Flynn R.V. Pearse H. Singh M.G. Rosenfeld Skn-la and Skn-li: two functionally distinct Oct-2-related factors expressed in epidermis Science 260 1993 78 82
3. D. Apt T. Clong Y. Liu H.U. Bernard Nuclear factor I and epithelial cell-specific transcription of human papillomavirus type 16 J Virol 67 1993 4455 4463
4. D. Apt R.M. Witts G. Suske H.U. Bernard High Sp1/Sp3 ratios in epithelial cells during epithelial differentiation and cellular transformation correlate with the activation of the HPV-16 promoter Virology 224 1996 281 291
5. N. Basset Seguin C. Escot J.M. Blanchard C. Kerai H. Verrier H. Mion J.J. Guilhou High levels of c-fos proto-oncogene expression in normal human adult skin J Invest Dermatol 94 1990 418 422
6. N. Basset Seguin C. Escot J.P. Moles J.M. Blanchard C. Kerai J.J. Guilhou An in situ quantitative analysis J Invest Dermatol 97 1991 672 678
7. H.U. Bernard D. Apt Trascriptional control and cell type specificity of HPV gene expression Arch Dermatol 130 1994 210 215
8. F. Bernerd T. Magnaldo I.M. Freedberg M. Blumenbeng Expression of the carcinomaassociated keratin K6 and the role of AP-1 proto-oncoprateins Gene Expr 3 1993 187 199
9. J.L. Bessereau D. Mendelzon C. LePoupon M. Fiszman J.P. Changeux J. Piette Muscle-specific expression of the acctylcholine receptor alpha-subunit gene requires both positive and negative interactions between myogenic factors. Sp 1 and GBF factors EMBOJ 12 1993 443 449
10. M. Blessing H. Zentgraf J.L. Jorcano Differentially expressed bovine cytokeratin genes. Analysis of gene linkage and evolutionary conservation of 5′-upstream sequences EMBO J 6 1987 567 575
11. L.J. Brown J.C. Geesin J.A. Rothnagel D.R. Roop J.S. Gordon Retinoic acid suppression of loricrin expresrion in reconstituted human skin cultured at the liquid-air interface J Invest Dermatol 102 1994 886 890
12. R.P. Brun J.B. Kim E. Hu S. Altiok B.M. Spicgelman Adipocyte differentiation: a trancriptional regulatory cascade Curr Opin Cell Biol 8 1996 826 832
13. E. Cano L.C. Mahadevan Parallel signal processing among mammahan MAPKs TIBS 20 1995 117 122
14. J. Casatorres J.M. Navarro M. Blesing J.L. Joreano Analysis of the control of expression and tissue specificity of the keratin 5 gene, characteristic of basal keratinocytes. Fundamental role of an AP-1 element J Biol Chem 269 1994 20489 20496
15. T. Chong D. Apt B. Gloss M. Isa H.U. Bernard The enhancer of human papillomavirus type 16: binding sites for the ubiquitous transcription factors oct-1, NFA, TEF-2. NF1, and AP-1 participate in epithelial cell-specific transcription J Virol 65 1991 5933 5943
16. C.K. Choo E.A. Rorke R.L. Eckert Calcium regulates the difierentiation of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) immortalized ectocerviral epithelial cells, but not the expression of the papillomavirus and E7 oncogenes Exp Cell Res 208 1993 161 169
17. D.R. Cohen P.C. Ferreira R. Gentz B.R. Franza Jr T. Curran The product of a fos-related gene, fra-1, binds cooperatively to the AP-1 site with Jun: transcription factor AP-1 is comprised of multiple protein complexes Genes Dev 3 1989 173 184
18. A.J. Courey R. Tjian Analysis of Sp1 in vivo reveals multiple transcriptional domains, including a novel glutamine-rich activation motif J Cell Biochem 55 1988 887 989
19. T.P. Cripe A. Alderborn R.D. Anderson S. Parkkinen P. Bergman T.H. Haugen U. Pettersson L.P. Turek Transcriptional activation of the human papillomavirus-16 P97 promoter by an 88-nucleotide enhancer containing distinct cell-dependent and AP-1 -responsive modules New Biol 2 1990 450 463
20. P. De Luca B. Majello L. Lania Sp3 represses transcription when rethered to promoter DNA or targeted in promoter proximal RNA J Biol Chem 271 1996 8533 8536
21. D. DiSepio A. Jones M.A. Longley D. Bundman J.A. Rothnagel D.R. Roop The proximal promoter of the mouse loricrin gene contains a functional AP-1 element and directs keratinocyte-specific but not differetiation-specific expression J Biol Chem 270 1995 10792 10799
22. A.A. Dlugosz S.H. Yuspa Protein kinase C regulates keratinocyte transglutainase (TGK) gene expression in cultured primary mouse epidermal keratinocytes induced to terminally differentiate by calcium J Invest Dermatol 102 1994 409 414
23. R.L. Eckert Structure. function. and differentiation of the keratinoeyte Physiol Rev 69 1989 1316 1346
24. R.L. Eckert J.F. Welter Epidermal keratinoctyes – genes and their regulation Cell Death Differ 3 1996 373 383
25. R.L. Eckert J.F. Welter Transcription factor regulation of epidermal gene expression Mol Biol Reports 23 1996 59 70
26. R.L. Eckert J.F. Crish N.A. Robinson The epidermal keratinocyte as a model for the study of gene regulation and cell differentiation Physiol Rev 77 1997 397 424
27. I. Fans H.J. Hsu E. Fuchs Oct-6: a regulator of keratinoryte gene expression in stratified squamous epithelia Mol Cell Biol 14 1994 3263 3275
28. D.F. Fischer S. Gibbs P. van De Putte C. Backendorf Interdependent transcription control elements regulate the expression of the SPRR2A gene during keratinocyte terminal differentiation Mol Cell Biol 16 1996 5305 5374
29. A. Gandarillas F.M. Watt Changes in expression of members of die fos and jun families and myc network during terminal differentiation of human kentinocytes Changes in expression of members of the fos and jun families and myc network during terminal differentiation of human kentinocytes Oncogene 11 1995 1403 1407
30. A. Gegonne R. Bosselut R.A. Bailly J. Ghysdael Synergistic activation of the HTLV1 LTR. Etsresponsive region by transeription factors Ets 1 and Sp 1 EMBO J 12 1993 1169 1178
31. M. Gunther T. Frebourg M. Laithier N. Fossar M. Bouziane Ouartini C. Lavialle O. Brison An Sp1 binding site and the minimal promoter contribute to overexpression of the cytokeratin 18 gene in tumorigenic clones relative to that in nontumorigenic clones of a human carcinoma cell line Mol Cell Biol 15 1995 24911 24919
32. G. Hagen S. Muller M. Beato G. Suske Sp1-mediated transcriptional activation is repressed by Sp3 EMBO J 13 1994 3843 3851
33. G. Hagen J. Dennig A. Preiss M. Beato G. Suske Functional analyses of the transcription factor Sp4 reveal properties distinct from Sp1 and Sp3 J Biol Chem 270 1995 24989 24994
34. F. Hamazato Y. Fujimura Y. Tamai Y. Takemoto A. Matsushiro M. Nozaki Sequence specific binding of Ets-1 to the mouse cylokcratin EndoA gene enhancer Biochem Biophys Res Commun 192 1993 430 438
35. C.S. Hill R. Treisman Transcriptional regulation by extracellular signals: mechanisms and specificity J Cell Biochem 80 1995 199 211
36. K.A. Holbrook K. Wolff The structure and development of skin T.B. Fitzpatrick A.Z. Eisen K. Wolff I.M. Freedberg K.F. Austen Dermatology in Central Medicine 1987 McGraw Hill New York 93 131
37. L. Hu L.J. Gedas Activation of keratin 19 gene expression by a 3′ enhancer containing an AP1 site J Biol Chem 269 1994 183 191
38. C.A. Huff S.H. Yuspa D.S. Rosenthal D. Rasenthal Identification of control elements 3′ to the human keratin 1 gene that regulate cell type and differentiation-specific expression J Biol Chem 268 1993 377 384
39. T. Ishiji M.J. Lace S. Parkkinen R.D. Anderson T.H. Haugen T.P. Crip J.H. Xiao I. Davidson P. Chambon L.P. Turck Transcriptional enhancer actor (TEF)–1 and its cell-specific co-activator activate human papillomavirus-16 E6 and E7 oncogene transcription in keratinocytes and cervical carcinoma cells EMBOJ 11 1992 2271 2281
40. S.P. Jackson J.J. MacDonald S. Lees Miller R. Tjian GC bux binding induces phosphorylation of Sp1 by a DNA-dependent protein kinase J Cell Biochem 63 1990 155 165
41. S.I. Jang P.M. Steinert N.C. Markova Activator protein 1 activity is involved in the regulation of the cell type-specitic expression from the proximal promoter of the human profilaggrin gene J Biol Chem 271 1996 24105 24114
42. R. Janknecht A. Nordheim Gene regulation by ets proteins Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1155 1993 346 356
43. C.K. Jiang T. Magnaldo M. Ohtsuki I.M. Freedberg F. Bernerd M. Blumenberg Epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor alpha specifically induce the activationand hyperproliferation-associated keratins 6 and 16 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 1993 6786 6790
44. C.K. Jiang S. Flanagan M. Ohtsuki K. Slnuai I.M. Freedberg M. Blumenberg Disease-activated transcription factor: allergic reactions in human skin cause nuclear translocation of STAT-91 and induce synthesis of keratin K17 Mol Cell Biol 14 1994 4759 4769
45. D.J. Kachinskas M.A. Phillips Q. Qin J.D. Scokes R.H. Rice Arsenate perturbation of human keratinocyte differentiation Cell Growth Differ 5 1994 1235 1241
46. J.T. Kadonaga K.A. Jones R. Tjian Promoter-specific activation of RNA polymerase II transcription by SP1 TIBS 11 1986 20 23
47. J.T. Kadonaga A.J. Courey J. Ladika R. Tjian Distinct regions of Sp 1 modulate DNA binding and transcriptional activation Science 242 1988 1566 1570
48. L.M. Khachigian A.J. Williams T. Collins Interplay of Sp1 and Egr-1 in the proximal plateletderived growth factor A-chain promoter in cultured vascular endothelial cells J Biol Chem 270 1995 27679 27686
49. J.J. LaPress L.G. Hudson Identification of a functional determinant of differentiation-dependent expression in the involucrin gene J Biol Chem 271 1996 23154 23160
50. A. Leask C. Byrne E. Fuchs Transcription factor AP2 and its role in epidermal-specific gene expression Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88 1991 7948 7952
51. J.H. Lee St Jang J.M. Yaug N.G. Markova P.M. Steinert The proximal promoter of the human transglutaminase 3 gene. Stratified squamous epithelial-specific expression in cultured cells is mediated by binding of Sp1 and ets transcription factors to a proximal promoter element J Biol Chem 271 1996 4561 4568
52. F.M. Liew K. Yamanishi Regulation of transglutaminase 1 gene expression by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, dexamethasone, and retinoic acid in cultured human keratitocytes Exp Cell Res 202 1992 310 315
53. D.C. Look M.R. Pelletier R.M. Tidwell W.T. Roswit M.J. Holtzman Statl Depends on Transcriptional Synergy with SP1 J Biol Chem 270 1995 30226 30267
54. B. Lu J.A. Rothnagel M.A. Longley S.Y. Tasi D.R. Roop Differentiation-specific expression of human keratin 1 is mediated by a composite AP-1/steroid hormone element J Biol Client 269 1994 7443 7449
55. D.H. Mack L.A. Laimins A keratinocyte-specific transcription factor. KRF-1, interacts with AP-1 to activate expression of human papillomaviris type 18 in squamous epithelial cells Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88 1991 9102 9106
56. K. Macleod D. Leprince D. Stchelin The ets gene family TIBS 17 1992 251 256
57. T. Magnaldo F. Benerd I.M. Freedberg M. Ohtsuki M. Blumenberg Transcriptional regulators of expression of K#16. the disease-associated keratin DNA Cell Biol 12 1993 911 923
58. L. Matiniello Q. Qin B.A. Jessen R.H. Rice Keratinocyte transghstarninase promoter analysis. Identification of a functional response element J Biol Chem 270 1995 31358 31363
59. I.G. Maroulakou T.S. Papas J.E. Green Differential expression of ets-1 and ets-2 protooncogenes during murine embryogenesis Oncogene 9 1994 1551 1565
60. R.E. McCaffery M.E. Jackson An element binding a C/EBP-related transcription factor contributes to negative regulation of the bovine papillomavirus type 4 long control region J Gen Virol 75 1994 3047 3056
61. S.L. McKnighi CCAAT/enhancer binding protein S.L. McKnight K.R. Yamamoto Transcriptional Regulation 1992 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press New York 771 795
62. V. Milisavljevic I.M. Freedherg M. Blumenberg Characterization of nuclear protein binding sites the promoter of keratin K17 gene DNA Cell Biol 15 1996 65 74
63. J.M. Navarro J. Casatorres J.L. Jorcano Elements controlling the expression and induction of the skin hyperproliferation-associated keratin K6 J Biol Chem 270 1995 21362 21367
64. Y. Nishizuka Incracellular signaling by hydrolysis of phospholipids and activation of protein kinase C Science 258 1992 607 614
65. E.A. Offord P. Beard A member of the activator protein 1 family found in keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts required for transcription from a human papillomavinis type 18 promoter J Virol 64 1990 4792 4798
66. M. Ohtsuki S. Flanagan I.M. Freedberg M. Blumenberg A cluster of five nuclear proteins regulates keratin gene transcription Gene Expr 3 1993 201 213
67. R.G. Oshima L. Abrams D. Kulesh Activation of an intron enhancer within the keratin 18 gene by expression of c-fos and c-jun in undifferentiated F9 embryonal careinoma cells Genes Dev 4 1990 835 848
68. R. Pankov N. Neznanov A. Umezawa R.G. Oshima AP-1, ETS. and transcriptional silencers regulate retinoic acid-dependent induction of keratin 18 in embryonic cells Mol Cell Biol 14 1994 7744 7757
69. N.D. Perkins N.L. Edwards C.S. Duckett A.B. Agranoff R.M. Schmid G.J. Nabel A cooperative interaction between NF-kappa B and Sp1 is required for HIV-1 enhancer activation EMBO J 12 1993 3551 3558
70. Cip 1/WAFI in keratinocyte differentiation J Biol Chem 272 1997 1308 1314
71. L.J. Ransone I.M. Verma Nuclear proto-oncogenes fos and jun Annu Rev Cell Biol 6 1990 539 557
72. R.G. Roeder The role of general initiation acton in transcription by RNA polymense II Trends Biochem Sci 21 1996 327 335
73. D.S. Rosenthal P.M. Steinert S. Chung C.A. Huff J. Johnson S.H. Yuspa D.R. Roop A human epidermal differentiation -specific keratin gene is regulated by calciun: but not negative mudulators of differentiation in transgenic mouse keratinocytes Cell Growth Differ 2 1991 107 113
74. A.L. Rubin R.H. Rice Characterization of the calcium sensitivity of differentiation in SCC13 human squamous carcinoma cells In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 24 1988 857 861
75. S.E. Rutberg E. Saez A. Glick A.A. Dlugosz B.M. Spiegelman S.H. Yuspa Differentiation of mouse keratinocytes is accompanied by PKC-dependent changes in AP-1 proteins Oncogene 13 1996 l67 176
76. R.J. Smeyne M. Vendrell M. Hayward S.J. Baker G.G. Miso K. Schilling L.M. Robertson T. Curran J.I. Morgan Continuous c-fos expression precedes programmed cell death in vivo Nature 363 1993 166 169
77. A.M. Snape E.A. Jonas T.D. Sargent KTF-1, a transcriprional activator of Xenopus embryonic keratin expression Development 109 1990 157 165
78. A.M. Snape R.S. Winning T.D. Sargent Transcription factor AP-2 is tissue-specific in Xenopus and is closely related or identical to keratin transcription factor 1 (KTF-1) Development 113 1991 283 293
79. R.A. Sturm G. Das W. Herr The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein Oct-1 contains a POU domain with a homeo box subdomain Genes Dev 2 1988 1582 1599
80. T. Suzuki H. Okuno T. Yoshida T. Endo H. Nishina H. Iba Difference in transcriptional regulatory function between c-Fos and Fra-2 Nucleic Acids Res 19 1991 5537 5542
81. Y. Takemoto Y. Fujimura M. Matsumoto Y. Tantai T. Morita A. Marsushiro M. Nozaki The promoter of the endo A cytokeratin gene is activated by a 3′ downstream enhancer Nucleic Acids Res 19 1991 2761 2765
82. Y. Tamai Y. Takemoto M. Matnumoto T. Morita A. Matsushiro M. Nozaki Sequence of EndoA gene encoding mouse cytokeratin and its methylation state in the CpG-rich region Gene 104 1991 169 176
83. K. Tamai K. Li J. Uitto Identification of a DNA-binding protein (keratinocyte transcriptional protein-1) recognizing a kerarinocyte-specific regulatory element in the 230-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen gene J Biol Client 269 1994 493 502
84. K. Tamai K. Li S. Silos L. Rudnicka T. Hashimoto T. Nishikawa J. Uitto Interferon-gammamediated inactivation of transcription of the 230-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen gene (BPAG1) provides novel insight into keratinocyte differentiation J Biol Chem 270 1995 392 396
85. K. Tamai S.A. Silos K. Li E. Korkerla H. Ishikawa J. Uitto Tissue-specific expression of the 230-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen gene (BPAG1). Identification of a novel keratinocyte regulatory cis-element KRE3 J Biol Chem 270 1995 7609 7614
86. F. Thierry G. Spyrou M. Yaniv P. Howley Two AP1 sites binding JunB are essential for human papillomavirus type 18 transcription in keratinocytes J Virol 66 1992 3740 3748
87. M. Tomic C.K. Jiang H.S. Epstein I.M. Freedberg H.H. Samuels M. Blumenberg Nuclear receptors for retinoic acid and thyroid hormone regulate transcription of keratin genes Cell Regul 1 1990 965 973
88. C.P. Verrijzer K. Tjian TAFs mediate transcriptional activation and promoter selectivity TIBS 21 1996 338 342
89. H. Wang K. Liu F. Yuan L. Berdichevsky L.B. Taichman K. Auborn C/EBPbeta is a negative regulator of human papillomavirus type 11 in keratinocytes J Virol 70 1996 4839 4844
90. D. Warshawsky L. Miller Tissue-specific in vivo protein-DNA interactions at the promoter region of the Xenopus 63 kDa keratin gene during metamorphosis Nucleic Acids Res 23 1995 4502 4509
91. M. Wegner D.W. Drolet M.G. Rosenfeld POU-domain proteins: structure and function of developmental regulators Curr Opin Cell Biol 5 1993 488 498
92. J.F. Welter R.L. Eckert Differential expression of fos and jun family members c-fos, fosB, Fra1, Fra-2. c-jun. junB and junD during human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation Oncogene 11 1995 2681 2687
93. J.F. Welter J.F. Crish C. Agarwal R.L. Eckert Fee-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity J Biol Chem 270 1995 12614 12622
94. J.F. Welter H. Gali J. Crish R.L. Ecken Regulation of human involucrin promoter activity by POU domain protein, J Biol Chem 271 1996 14727 14733
95. T. Williams R. Tjian Analysis of the DNA-binding and activation properties of the human traracription factor AP-2 Genes Dev 5 1991 670 682
96. R.L. Wu S. Galvin S.K. Wu A 300 bp 5'-upstream sequence of a differentiation-dependent rabbit K3 keratin gene can serve is a keratinocytespecific promoter J Cell Sci 105 1993 303 316
97. R.L. Wa T.T. Chem T.T. Sutt Functional importance of an Sp1- and an NFkB-related nuclear protein in a keratinocyte-specific promoter of rabbit K3 keratin gene J Biol Chem 269 1994 28450 28459
98. H. Wu K. Moulton A. Horvai S. Parik C.K. Class Combinatorial interactions between AP-1 and en domain proteins contribute to the developmental regulation of the macrophage scavenger receptor gene Mol Cell Biol 14 1994 2129 2139
99. K. Yamada K. Yamanishi A. Kakizuka Y. Kibe H. Dui H. Yasuno Transcriptional regulation of human trasglutaminasel gene by signaling systems of protein kinase C. RAR/RXR. and Jun/Fos in keratinocytes Biochem Mol Biol Int 34 1994 827 836
100. W.C. Yeh Z. Cao M. Classon S.L. McKnight Cascade regulation of terminal adipocyte differentiation by three members of the C/EBP family of leucine zipper proteins Genes Dev 9 1995 168 181
101. K. Yukawa T. Yasui A. Yamamoto H. Shiku T. Kishimoto H. Kikutani Epoc-1: a POU-domain gene expressed in murine epidermal basal cells and thymic stromal cells Gene 133 1993 163 169
102. K. Yukawa K. Butz T. Yasui H. Kikutani F. Hoppe Seyler Regulation of human papillomavirus transcription by the differeentiation-dependent epithelial factor Epoc-1/skn-la J Virol 70 1996 10 16