메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 120, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1513-1531

Utrophin abundance is reduced at neuromuscular junctions of patients with both inherited and acquired acetylcholine receptor deficiencies

Author keywords

Acetylcholine receptor; Congenital myasthenic syndrome; Myasthenia gravis; Neuromuscular junction; Utrophin

Indexed keywords

CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR; CYTOPLASM PROTEIN; DYSTROPHIN; SPECTRIN; UTROPHIN;

EID: 0030763983     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/120.9.1513     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0029155684 scopus 로고
    • Rapsyn may function as a link between the acetylcholine receptor and the agrinbinding dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex
    • Apel ED, Roberds SL, Campbell KP, Merlie JP. Rapsyn may function as a link between the acetylcholine receptor and the agrinbinding dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex. Neuron 1995; 15: 115-26.
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.15 , pp. 115-126
    • Apel, E.D.1    Roberds, S.L.2    Campbell, K.P.3    Merlie, J.P.4
  • 2
    • 0021732375 scopus 로고
    • Morphometric analysis of human neuromuscular junction in different ages
    • Arizono N, Koreto O, Iwai Y, Hidaka T, Takeoka O. Morphometric analysis of human neuromuscular junction in different ages. Acta Pathol Japon 1984; 34: 1243-9.
    • (1984) Acta Pathol Japon , vol.34 , pp. 1243-1249
    • Arizono, N.1    Koreto, O.2    Iwai, Y.3    Hidaka, T.4    Takeoka, O.5
  • 3
    • 0029874077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable functional expression of the adult subtype of human muscle acetylcholine receptor following transfection of the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 with cDNA encoding the ε subunit
    • Beeson D, Amar M, Bermudez I, Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Stable functional expression of the adult subtype of human muscle acetylcholine receptor following transfection of the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 with cDNA encoding the ε subunit. Neurosci Letts 1996; 207: 57-60.
    • (1996) Neurosci Letts , vol.207 , pp. 57-60
    • Beeson, D.1    Amar, M.2    Bermudez, I.3    Vincent, A.4    Newsom-Davis, J.5
  • 4
    • 0026688298 scopus 로고
    • Different distributions of dystrophin and related proteins at nerve-muscle junctions
    • Bewick GS, Nicholson LV, Young C, O'Donnell E, Slater CR. Different distributions of dystrophin and related proteins at nerve-muscle junctions. Neuroreport 1992; 3: 857-60.
    • (1992) Neuroreport , vol.3 , pp. 857-860
    • Bewick, G.S.1    Nicholson, L.V.2    Young, C.3    O'Donnell, E.4    Slater, C.R.5
  • 5
    • 0027742039 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of a dystrophin-associated glycoprotein to junctional acetylcholine receptor clusters in rat skeletal muscle
    • Bewick GS, Nicholson LV, Young C, Slater CR. Relationship of a dystrophin-associated glycoprotein to junctional acetylcholine receptor clusters in rat skeletal muscle. Neuromuscul Disord 1993; 3: 503-6.
    • (1993) Neuromuscul Disord , vol.3 , pp. 503-506
    • Bewick, G.S.1    Nicholson, L.V.2    Young, C.3    Slater, C.R.4
  • 6
    • 0029845233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial relationships of utrophin, dystrophin, β-dystroglycan and β-spectrin to acetylcholine receptor clusters during postnatal maturation of the rat neuromuscular junction
    • Bewick GS, Young C, Slater CR. Spatial relationships of utrophin, dystrophin, β-dystroglycan and β-spectrin to acetylcholine receptor clusters during postnatal maturation of the rat neuromuscular junction. J Neurocytol 1996; 25: 367-79.
    • (1996) J Neurocytol , vol.25 , pp. 367-379
    • Bewick, G.S.1    Young, C.2    Slater, C.R.3
  • 7
    • 0024548732 scopus 로고
    • An unusual β-spectrin associated with clustered, acetylcholine receptors
    • Bloch RJ, Morrow JS. An unusual β-spectrin associated with clustered, acetylcholine receptors. J Cell Biol 1989; 108: 481-93.
    • (1989) J Cell Biol , vol.108 , pp. 481-493
    • Bloch, R.J.1    Morrow, J.S.2
  • 8
    • 0023880594 scopus 로고
    • Molecular events in synaptogenesis: Nerve-muscle adhesion and postsynaptic differentiation
    • Bloch RJ, Pumplin DW. Molecular events in synaptogenesis: nerve-muscle adhesion and postsynaptic differentiation. [Review]. Am J Physiol 1988; 254: C345-64.
    • (1988) Am J Physiol , vol.254
    • Bloch, R.J.1    Pumplin, D.W.2
  • 11
    • 8044260252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postsynaptic abnormalities at the neuromuscular junctions of utrophin-deficient mice
    • Deconinck AE, Potter AC, Tinsley JM, Wood SJ, Vater R, Young C, et al. Postsynaptic abnormalities at the neuromuscular junctions of utrophin-deficient mice. J Cell Biol 1997; 136: 883-94.
    • (1997) J Cell Biol , vol.136 , pp. 883-894
    • Deconinck, A.E.1    Potter, A.C.2    Tinsley, J.M.3    Wood, S.J.4    Vater, R.5    Young, C.6
  • 12
    • 0028779203 scopus 로고
    • Myasthenia gravis
    • Drachman DB. Myasthenia gravis. [Review]. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1797-810.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 1797-1810
    • Drachman, D.B.1
  • 13
    • 0014238574 scopus 로고
    • The effects of botulinum toxin on the pattern of innervation of skeletal muscle in the mouse
    • Duchen LW, Strich SJ. The effects of botulinum toxin on the pattern of innervation of skeletal muscle in the mouse. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci1968; 53: 84-9.
    • (1968) Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci , vol.53 , pp. 84-89
    • Duchen, L.W.1    Strich, S.J.2
  • 14
    • 0015226754 scopus 로고
    • Histometric analysis of the ultrastructure of the neuromuscular junction in myasthenia gravis and in the myasthenic syndrome
    • Engel AG, Santa T. Histometric analysis of the ultrastructure of the neuromuscular junction in myasthenia gravis and in the myasthenic syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1971; 183: 46-63.
    • (1971) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.183 , pp. 46-63
    • Engel, A.G.1    Santa, T.2
  • 15
    • 0017755136 scopus 로고
    • Immune complexes (IgG and C3) at the motor end-plate in myasthenia gravis: Ultrastructural and light microscopic localization and electrophysiologic correlations
    • Engel AG, Lambert EH, Howard FM. Immune complexes (IgG and C3) at the motor end-plate in myasthenia gravis: ultrastructural and light microscopic localization and electrophysiologic correlations. Mayo Clin Proc 1977; 52: 267-80.
    • (1977) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.52 , pp. 267-280
    • Engel, A.G.1    Lambert, E.H.2    Howard, F.M.3
  • 16
    • 0020047892 scopus 로고
    • A newly recognized congenital myasthenic syndrome attributed to a prolonged open time of the acetylcholine-induced ion channel
    • Engel AG, Lambert EH, Mulder DM, Torres CF, Sahashi K, Bertorini TE, et al. A newly recognized congenital myasthenic syndrome attributed to a prolonged open time of the acetylcholine-induced ion channel. Ann Neurol 1982; 11: 553-69.
    • (1982) Ann Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 553-569
    • Engel, A.G.1    Lambert, E.H.2    Mulder, D.M.3    Torres, C.F.4    Sahashi, K.5    Bertorini, T.E.6
  • 17
    • 0025044119 scopus 로고
    • Newly recognized congenital myasthenic syndromes: I. Congenital paucity of synaptic vesicles and reduced quantal release. II. High-conductance fast-channel syndrome. III. Abnormal acetylcholine receptor (AChR) interaction with acetylcholine. IV. AChR deficiency and short channel-open time
    • Engel AG, Walls TJ, Nagel A, Uchitel O. Newly recognized congenital myasthenic syndromes: I. Congenital paucity of synaptic vesicles and reduced quantal release. II. High-conductance fast-channel syndrome. III. Abnormal acetylcholine receptor (AChR) interaction with acetylcholine. IV. AChR deficiency and short channel-open time. Prog Brain Res 1990; 84: 125-37.
    • (1990) Prog Brain Res , vol.84 , pp. 125-137
    • Engel, A.G.1    Walls, T.J.2    Nagel, A.3    Uchitel, O.4
  • 19
    • 0024708031 scopus 로고
    • + channels and ankyrin in neuromuscular junctions is complementary to that of acetylcholine receptors and 43 kd protein
    • + channels and ankyrin in neuromuscular junctions is complementary to that of acetylcholine receptors and 43 kd protein. Neuron 1989; 3: 163-75.
    • (1989) Neuron , vol.3 , pp. 163-175
    • Flucher, B.E.1    Daniels, M.P.2
  • 20
    • 0027404301 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of ion channel distribution at synapses
    • Froehner SC. Regulation of ion channel distribution at synapses. [Review]. Ann Rev Neurosci 1993; 16: 347-68.
    • (1993) Ann Rev Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 347-368
    • Froehner, S.C.1
  • 21
    • 0011378676 scopus 로고
    • Immunofluorescence localization at the mammalian neuromuscular junction of the Mr 43,000 protein of Torpedo postsynaptic membranes
    • Froehner SC, Gulbrandsen V, Hyman C, Jeng AY, Neubig RR, Cohen JB. Immunofluorescence localization at the mammalian neuromuscular junction of the Mr 43,000 protein of Torpedo postsynaptic membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981; 78: 5230-4.
    • (1981) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.78 , pp. 5230-5234
    • Froehner, S.C.1    Gulbrandsen, V.2    Hyman, C.3    Jeng, A.Y.4    Neubig, R.R.5    Cohen, J.B.6
  • 22
    • 0029050847 scopus 로고
    • Failure of postsynaptic specialization to develop at neuromuscular junctions of rapsyn-deficient mice
    • Comment in: Nature 1995; 377: 195-6
    • Gautam M, Noakes PG, Mudd J, Nichol M, Chu GC, Sanes JR, et al. Failure of postsynaptic specialization to develop at neuromuscular junctions of rapsyn-deficient mice [see comments]. Nature 1995; 377: 232-6. Comment in: Nature 1995; 377: 195-6.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 232-236
    • Gautam, M.1    Noakes, P.G.2    Mudd, J.3    Nichol, M.4    Chu, G.C.5    Sanes, J.R.6
  • 23
    • 0031036977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtle neuromuscular defects in utrophin-deficient mice
    • Grady RM, Merlie JP, Sanes JR. Subtle neuromuscular defects in utrophin-deficient mice. J Cell Biol 1997; 136: 871-82.
    • (1997) J Cell Biol , vol.136 , pp. 871-882
    • Grady, R.M.1    Merlie, J.P.2    Sanes, J.R.3
  • 24
    • 0027354449 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic structure and development: The neuromuscular junction
    • Hall ZW, Sanes JR. Synaptic structure and development: the neuromuscular junction. [Review]. Cell 1993; 72 Suppl: 99-121.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 99-121
    • Hall, Z.W.1    Sanes, J.R.2
  • 25
    • 0024332141 scopus 로고
    • Dystrophin abnormalities in Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy
    • Hoffman EP, Kunkel LM. Dystrophin abnormalities in Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy. [Review]. Neuron 1989; 2: 1019-29.
    • (1989) Neuron , vol.2 , pp. 1019-1029
    • Hoffman, E.P.1    Kunkel, L.M.2
  • 26
    • 0018857568 scopus 로고
    • Postsynaptic transmission block can cause terminal sprouting of a motor nerve
    • Holland RL, Brown MC. Postsynaptic transmission block can cause terminal sprouting of a motor nerve. Science 1980; 207: 649-51.
    • (1980) Science , vol.207 , pp. 649-651
    • Holland, R.L.1    Brown, M.C.2
  • 27
    • 0017883828 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine receptors and end-plate electrophysiology in myasthenia gravis
    • Ito Y, Miledi R, Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Acetylcholine receptors and end-plate electrophysiology in myasthenia gravis. Brain 1978; 101: 345-68.
    • (1978) Brain , vol.101 , pp. 345-368
    • Ito, Y.1    Miledi, R.2    Vincent, A.3    Newsom-Davis, J.4
  • 28
    • 78651153462 scopus 로고
    • A 'direct coloring' thiocholine method for cholinesterases
    • Karnovsky MJ, Roots L. A 'direct coloring' thiocholine method for cholinesterases. J Histochem Cytochem 1964; 12: 219-21.
    • (1964) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.12 , pp. 219-221
    • Karnovsky, M.J.1    Roots, L.2
  • 29
    • 84960962489 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat
    • Lond
    • Liley AW. An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat. J Physiol (Lond) 1956; 132: 650-66.
    • (1956) J Physiol , vol.132 , pp. 650-666
    • Liley, A.W.1
  • 31
    • 0026323638 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of the neuromuscular junction in young adult mdx mice
    • Lyons PR, Slater CR. Structure and function of the neuromuscular junction in young adult mdx mice. J Neurocytol 1991; 20: 969-81.
    • (1991) J Neurocytol , vol.20 , pp. 969-981
    • Lyons, P.R.1    Slater, C.R.2
  • 32
    • 0021281667 scopus 로고
    • An immunological study of rat acetylcholinesterase: Comparison with acetylcholinesterases from other vertebrates
    • Marsh D, Grassi J, Vigny M, Massoulié J. An immunological study of rat acetylcholinesterase: comparison with acetylcholinesterases from other vertebrates. J Neurochem 1984; 43: 204-13.
    • (1984) J Neurochem , vol.43 , pp. 204-213
    • Marsh, D.1    Grassi, J.2    Vigny, M.3    Massoulié, J.4
  • 33
    • 0028595963 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of neuromuscular transmission by postjunctional folds
    • Martin AR. Amplification of neuromuscular transmission by postjunctional folds. Proc Roy Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1994; 258: 321-6.
    • (1994) Proc Roy Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.258 , pp. 321-326
    • Martin, A.R.1
  • 34
    • 0025888399 scopus 로고
    • Anconeus muscle: A human muscle preparation suitable for in-vitro microelectrode studies
    • Maselli RA, Mass DP, Distad BJ, Richman DP. Anconeus muscle: a human muscle preparation suitable for in-vitro microelectrode studies. Muscle Nerve 1991; 14: 1189-92.
    • (1991) Muscle Nerve , vol.14 , pp. 1189-1192
    • Maselli, R.A.1    Mass, D.P.2    Distad, B.J.3    Richman, D.P.4
  • 35
    • 0017870326 scopus 로고
    • The statistics of transmitter release at chemical synapses
    • McLachlan EM. The statistics of transmitter release at chemical synapses. Int Rev Physiol 1978; 17: 49-117.
    • (1978) Int Rev Physiol , vol.17 , pp. 49-117
    • McLachlan, E.M.1
  • 36
    • 0019837541 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the number and affinity of junctional acetylcholine receptors in a myopathy with tubular aggregates. A newly recognized receptor defect
    • Morgan-Hughes JA, Lecky BRF, Landon DN, Murray NMF. Alterations in the number and affinity of junctional acetylcholine receptors in a myopathy with tubular aggregates. A newly recognized receptor defect. Brain 1981; 104: 279-95.
    • (1981) Brain , vol.104 , pp. 279-295
    • Morgan-Hughes, J.A.1    Lecky, B.R.F.2    Landon, D.N.3    Murray, N.M.F.4
  • 37
    • 0026342991 scopus 로고
    • Two isoforms of the muscle acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit are translated in the human cell line TE671
    • Morris A, Beeson D, Jacobson L, Baggi F, Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Two isoforms of the muscle acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit are translated in the human cell line TE671. FEBS Lett 1991; 295: 116-8.
    • (1991) FEBS Lett , vol.295 , pp. 116-118
    • Morris, A.1    Beeson, D.2    Jacobson, L.3    Baggi, F.4    Vincent, A.5    Newsom-Davis, J.6
  • 38
    • 0026355180 scopus 로고
    • Localization of the DMDL gene-encoded dystrophin-related protein using a panel of nineteen monoclonal antibodies: Presence at neuromuscular junctions, in the sarcolemma of dystrophic skeletal muscle, in vascular and other smooth muscles, and in proliferating brain cell lines
    • Nguyen TM, Ellis JM, Love DR, Davies KE, Gatter KC, Dickson G, et al. Localization of the DMDL gene-encoded dystrophin-related protein using a panel of nineteen monoclonal antibodies: presence at neuromuscular junctions, in the sarcolemma of dystrophic skeletal muscle, in vascular and other smooth muscles, and in proliferating brain cell lines. J Cell Biol 1991; 115: 1695-700.
    • (1991) J Cell Biol , vol.115 , pp. 1695-1700
    • Nguyen, T.M.1    Ellis, J.M.2    Love, D.R.3    Davies, K.E.4    Gatter, K.C.5    Dickson, G.6
  • 41
    • 0027467701 scopus 로고
    • 43K protein and acetylcholine receptors colocalize during the initial stages of neuromuscular synapse formation in vivo
    • Noakes PG, Phillips WD, Hanley TA, Sanes JR, Merlie JP. 43K protein and acetylcholine receptors colocalize during the initial stages of neuromuscular synapse formation in vivo. Dev Biol 1993; 155: 275-80.
    • (1993) Dev Biol , vol.155 , pp. 275-280
    • Noakes, P.G.1    Phillips, W.D.2    Hanley, T.A.3    Sanes, J.R.4    Merlie, J.P.5
  • 43
    • 0027368111 scopus 로고
    • Clustering and immobilization of acetylcholine receptors by the 43-kD protein: A possible role for dystrophin-related protein
    • Phillips WD, Noakes PG, Roberds SL, Campbell KP, Merlie JP. Clustering and immobilization of acetylcholine receptors by the 43-kD protein: a possible role for dystrophin-related protein. J Cell Biol 1993; 123: 729-40.
    • (1993) J Cell Biol , vol.123 , pp. 729-740
    • Phillips, W.D.1    Noakes, P.G.2    Roberds, S.L.3    Campbell, K.P.4    Merlie, J.P.5
  • 45
    • 0002321039 scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate neuromuscular junctions: General morphology, molecular organization, and functional consequences
    • Salpeter MM, editor. New York: Alan R. Liss
    • Salpeter MM. Vertebrate neuromuscular junctions: general morphology, molecular organization, and functional consequences. In: Salpeter MM, editor. The vertebrate neuromuscular junction. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1987: 1-54.
    • (1987) The Vertebrate Neuromuscular Junction , pp. 1-54
    • Salpeter, M.M.1
  • 46
    • 0020458870 scopus 로고
    • Lectin binding reveals a synapse-specific carbohydrate in skeletal muscle
    • Sanes JR, Cheney JM. Lectin binding reveals a synapse-specific carbohydrate in skeletal muscle. Nature 1982; 300: 646-7.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.300 , pp. 646-647
    • Sanes, J.R.1    Cheney, J.M.2
  • 47
    • 0025750804 scopus 로고
    • Localization of dystrophin relative to acetylcholine receptor domains in electric tissue and adult and cultured skeletal muscle
    • Sealock R, Butler MH, Kramarcy NR, Gao KX, Murnane AA, Douville K, et al. Localization of dystrophin relative to acetylcholine receptor domains in electric tissue and adult and cultured skeletal muscle. J Cell Biol 1991; 113: 1133-44.
    • (1991) J Cell Biol , vol.113 , pp. 1133-1144
    • Sealock, R.1    Butler, M.H.2    Kramarcy, N.R.3    Gao, K.X.4    Murnane, A.A.5    Douville, K.6
  • 49
    • 0026682619 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of neuromuscular junctions in the vastus lateralis of man. A motor point biopsy study of two groups of patients
    • Slater CR, Lyons PR, Walls TJ, Fawcett PR, Young C. Structure and function of neuromuscular junctions in the vastus lateralis of man. A motor point biopsy study of two groups of patients. Brain 1992; 115: 451-78.
    • (1992) Brain , vol.115 , pp. 451-478
    • Slater, C.R.1    Lyons, P.R.2    Walls, T.J.3    Fawcett, P.R.4    Young, C.5
  • 50
    • 8044251657 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of utrophin associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency at the neuromuscular junction in human diseases
    • Slater CR, Young C, Wood SJ, Nicholson LVB, Bewick GS, Baxter P, et al. Reduction of utrophin associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency at the neuromuscular junction in human diseases [abstract]. J Cellular Biochem 1994; Suppl 18D: 541.
    • (1994) J Cellular Biochem , Issue.SUPPL. 18D , pp. 541
    • Slater, C.R.1    Young, C.2    Wood, S.J.3    Nicholson, L.V.B.4    Bewick, G.S.5    Baxter, P.6
  • 51
    • 1842373745 scopus 로고
    • Defects of the neuromuscular junction associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission in limb-girdle myasthenias in man
    • Lond 489.P
    • Slater CR, Fawcett PRW, Gardner-Medwin D, Lyons PR, Walls TJ, Wood SJ, et al. Defects of the neuromuscular junction associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission in limb-girdle myasthenias in man. J Physiol (Lond) 1995; 489.P: 150P-151P.
    • (1995) J Physiol
    • Slater, C.R.1    Fawcett, P.R.W.2    Gardner-Medwin, D.3    Lyons, P.R.4    Walls, T.J.5    Wood, S.J.6
  • 52
    • 0023636865 scopus 로고
    • A congenital myasthenic disorder with paucity of secondary synaptic clefts: Deficiency and altered distribution of acetylcholine receptors
    • Smit LM, Veldman H, Jennekens FG, Molenaar PC, Oen BS. A congenital myasthenic disorder with paucity of secondary synaptic clefts: deficiency and altered distribution of acetylcholine receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1987; 505: 346-56.
    • (1987) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.505 , pp. 346-356
    • Smit, L.M.1    Veldman, H.2    Jennekens, F.G.3    Molenaar, P.C.4    Oen, B.S.5
  • 53
    • 0023948543 scopus 로고
    • Ankyrin and spectrin associate with voltage-dependent sodium channels in brain
    • Srinivasan Y, Elmer L, Davis J, Bennett V, Angelides K. Ankyrin and spectrin associate with voltage-dependent sodium channels in brain. Nature 1988; 333: 177-80.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.333 , pp. 177-180
    • Srinivasan, Y.1    Elmer, L.2    Davis, J.3    Bennett, V.4    Angelides, K.5
  • 56
    • 0027506299 scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at 9 Å resolution
    • Unwin N. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at 9 Å resolution. J Mol Biol 1993; 229: 1101-24.
    • (1993) J Mol Biol , vol.229 , pp. 1101-1124
    • Unwin, N.1
  • 57
    • 0024428461 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic current between neuromuscular junction folds
    • Vautrin J, Mambrini J. Synaptic current between neuromuscular junction folds. J Theor Biol 1989; 140: 479-98.
    • (1989) J Theor Biol , vol.140 , pp. 479-498
    • Vautrin, J.1    Mambrini, J.2
  • 59
  • 60
    • 0031060063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genes at the junction-candidates for congenital myasthenic syndromes
    • Vincent A, Newland C, Croxen R, Beeson D. Genes at the junction-candidates for congenital myasthenic syndromes. Trends Neurosci 1997; 20: 15-22.
    • (1997) Trends Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 15-22
    • Vincent, A.1    Newland, C.2    Croxen, R.3    Beeson, D.4
  • 62
    • 0029125628 scopus 로고
    • Action potential generation in rat slow- and fast-twitch muscles
    • Lond
    • Wood SJ, Slater CR. Action potential generation in rat slow- and fast-twitch muscles. J Physiol (Lond) 1995; 486: 401-10.
    • (1995) J Physiol , vol.486 , pp. 401-410
    • Wood, S.J.1    Slater, C.R.2
  • 63
    • 0030903191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of postsynaptic folds to the safety factor for neuromuscular transmission in rat fast- and slow-twitch muscles
    • Lond
    • Wood SJ, Slater CR. The contribution of postsynaptic folds to the safety factor for neuromuscular transmission in rat fast- and slow-twitch muscles. J Physiol (Lond) 1997; 500: 165-76.
    • (1997) J Physiol , vol.500 , pp. 165-176
    • Wood, S.J.1    Slater, C.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.