The Cdc42 GTPase-associated proteins Gic1 and Gic2 are required for polarized cell growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genes and Development

Volumn 11, Issue 22, 1997, Pages 2958-2971

  Chen, Guang Chao ^a   Kim, Yung Jin ^a,b   Chan, Clarence S M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^b Pusan National University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Bem2; Cdc42; Cell polarity; Cellular morphogenesis; GTPase

Indexed keywords

CELL CYCLE PROTEIN; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE;

ARTICLE; CELL GROWTH; CELL MUTANT; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; GROWTH REGULATION; MORPHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0030705142     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.11.22.2958     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Adams, A.E.M. and J.R. Pringle. 1984. Relationship of actin and tubulin distribution in wild-type and morphogenetic mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 98: 934-945.
2. Adams, A.E.M., D.I. Johnson, R.M. Longnecker, B.F. Sloat, and J.R. Pringle. 1990. CDC42 and CDC43, two additional genes involved in budding and the establishment of cell polarity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 111: 131-142.
3. Amberg, D.C., J.E. Zahner, J.W. Mulholland, J.R. Pringle, and D. Botstein. 1997. Aip3p/Bud6p, a yeast actin-interacting protein that is involved in morphogenesis and the selection of bipolar budding sites. Mol. Biol. Cell 8: 729-753.
4. Ayscough, K.R., J. Stryker, N. Pokala, M. Sanders, P. Crews, and D.G. Drubin. 1997. High rates of actin filament turnover in budding yeast and roles for actin in establishment and maintenance of cell polarity revealed using the actin inhibitor latrunculin-A. J. Cell Biol. 137: 399-416.
5. Bender A. and J.R. Pringle. 1989. Multicopy suppression of the cdc24 budding defect in yeast by CDC42 and three newly identified genes including the ras-related gene KSR1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 86: 9976-9980.
6. _.1991. Use of a screen for synthetic lethal and multicopy suppressee mutants to identify two new genes involved in morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 1295-1305.
7. Bender, L., H.S. Lo, H. Lee, V. Kokojan, J. Peterson, and A. Bender. 1996. Associations among PH and SH3 domain-containing proteins and Rho-type GTPases in yeast. J. Cell Biol. 133: 879-894.
8. Benton, B.K., A.H. Tinkelenberg, D. Jean, S.D. Plump, and F.R. Cross. 1993. Genetic analysis of Cln/Cdc28 regulation of cell morphogenesis in budding yeast. EMBO J. 12: 5267-5275.
9. Bi, E. and J.R. Pringle. 1996. ZDS1 and ZDS2, genes whose products may regulate Cdc42p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mol. Cell. Biol 16: 5264-5275.
10. Brown, J.L., M. Jaquenoud, M.-P. Gulli, J. Chant, and M. Peter. 1997. Novel Cdc42-binding proteins Gic1 and Gic2 control cell polarity in yeast. Genes & Dev. (this issue).
11. Burbelo, P.D., D. Drechsel, and A. Hall. 1995. A conserved binding motif defines numerous candidate target proteins for both Cdc42 and Rac GTPases. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 29071-29074.
12. Carlson, M. and D. Botstein. 1982. Two differentially regulated mRNAs with different 5' ends encode secreted and intracellular forms of yeast invertase. Cell 28: 145-154.
13. Chan, C.S.M. and D. Botstein. 1993. Isolation and characterization of chromosome-gain and increase-m-ploidy mutants in yeast. Genetics 135:677-691.
14. Chant, J. and I. Herskowitz. 1991. Genetic control of bud site selection in yeast by a set of gene products tht constitute a morphogenetic pathway. Cell 65: 1203-1212.
15. Chant, J. and J.R. Pringle. 1995. Patterns of bud-site selection in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 129: 751-765.
16. Chant, J., K. Corrado, J.R. Pringle, and I. Herskowitz. 1991. Yeast BUD5, encoding a putative GDP-GTP exchange factor, is necessary for bud site selection and interacts with bud formation gene BEM1. Cell 65: 1213-1224.
17. Chant, J., M. Mischke, E. Mitchell, I. Herskowitz, and J.R. Pringle. 1995. Role of Bud3p in producing the axial budding pattern of yeast. J. Cell Biol. 129: 767-778.
18. Chen, G.-C., L. Zheng, and C.S.M. Chan. 1996. The LIM domain-containing Dbm1 GTPase-activating protein is required for normal cellular morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 1376-1390.
19. Cvrcková, F., C. De Virgilio, E. Manser, J.R. Pringle, and K. Nasmyth. 1995. Ste20-like protein kinases are required for normal localization of cell growth and for cytokinesis in budding yeast. Genes & Dev. 9: 1817-1830.
20. Doyle, T. and D. Botstein. 1996. Movement of yeast cortical actin cytoskeleton visualized in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 3886-3891.
21. Evangelista, M., K. Blundell, M.S. Longtine, C.J. Chow, N. Adames, J.R. Pringle, M. Peter, and C. Boone. 1997. Bnilp, a yeast formin linking Cdc42p and the actin cytoskeleton during polarized morphogenesis. Science 276: 118-122.
22. Finley, R.L. and R. Brent. 1994. Interaction mating reveals binary and ternary connections between Drosophila cell cycle regulators. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 91: 12980-12984.
23. Gyuris, J., E. Golemis, H. Chertkov, and R. Brent. 1993. Cdil, a human G1 and S phase protein phosphatase that associates with Cdk2. Cell 75: 791-803.
24. Heim, R., A.B. Cubitt, and R.Y. Tsien. 1995. Improved green fluorescence. Nature 373: 663-664.
25. Horton, R.M., S.N. Ho, J.K. Pullen, H.D. Hunt, Z. Cai, and L.R. Pease. 1993. Gene splicing by overlap extension. Methods Enzymol. 217: 270-279.
26. Johnson, D.I. and J.R. Pringle. 1990. Molecular characterization of CDC42, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene involved in the development of cell polarity. J. Cell. Biol. 111: 143-152.
27. Jones, J.S. and L. Prakash. 1990. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae selectable markers in pUC18 polylinkers. Yeast 6: 363-366.
28. Kilmartin, J. and A.E.M. Adams. 1984. Structural rearrangements of tubulin and actin diring the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces. J. Cell Biol. 98: 922-933.
29. Kim, Y.-J., L. Francisco, G.-C. Chen, E. Marcotte, and C.S.M. Chan. 1994. Control of cellular morphogenesis by the Ipl2/ Bem2 GTPase-activating protein: Possible role of protein phosphorylation. J. Cell Biol. 127: 1381-1394.
30. Lew, D.J. and S.I. Reed. 1993. Morphogenesis in the yeast cell cycle: Regulation by Cdc28 and cyclins. J. Cell Biol. 120: 1305-1320.
31. Li, R., Y. Zheng, and D.G. Drubin. 1995. Regulation of cortical actin cytoskeleton assembly during polarized cell growth in budding yeast. J. Cell Biol. 128: 599-615.
32. Martin, H., A. Mendoza, J.M. Rodriguez-Pachón, M. Molina, and C. Nombela. 1997. Characterization of SKM1, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a novel Ste20/PAK-like protein kinase. Mol Microbiol. 23: 431-444.
33. Matsui, Y., R. Matsui, R. Akada, and A. Toh-e. 1996. Yeast src homology region 3 domain-binding proteins involved in bud formation. J. Cell Biol. 133: 865-878.
34. Park, H.-O., E. Bi, J.R. Pringle, and I. Herskowitz. 1997. Two active states of the Ras-related Bud1/Rsr1 protein bind to different effectors to determine yeast cell polarity. Proc. Nutl. Acad. Sci. 94: 4463-4468.
35. Peterson, J., Y. Zheng, L. Bender, A. Myers, R. Cenone, and A. Bender. 1994. Interactions between the bud emergence proteins Bem1p and Bem2p and Rho-type GTPases in yeast. J. Cell Biol. 127: 1395-1406.
36. Pringle, J.R., R.A. Preston, A. Adams, T. Stearns, D. Drubin, B.K. Haarer, and E. Jones. 1989. Fluorescence microscopy methods for yeast. Methods Cell Biol. 31: 357-435.
37. Roemer, T., L.G. Vallier, and M. Snyder. 1996. Selection of polarized growth sites in yeast. Trends Cell Biol. 6: 434-141.
38. Rose, M.D., F. Winston, and P. Hieter. 1990. Methods in yeast genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
39. Rothstein, R.J. 1983. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 101: 202-211.
40. Ruggieri, R., A. Bender, Y. Matsui, S. Powers, Y. Takai, J.R. Pringle, and K. Matsumoto. 1992. RSR1, a ras-like gene homologous to Krev-1 (smg21A/rap1A): Role in the development of cell polarity and interactions with the Ras pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12: 758-766.
41. Schmidt, A., M. Bickle, T. Beck, and M.N. Hall. 1997. The yeast phosphatidylinositol kinase homolog TOR2 activates RHO1 and RHO2 via the exchange factor ROM2. Cell 88: 531-542.
42. Simon, M.-N., C. De Virgilio, B. Sotiza, J.R. Pringle, A. Abo, and S.I. Reed. 1995. Role for the Rho-family GTPase Cdc42 in yeast mating-pheromone signal pathway. Nature 376: 702-705.
43. Sloat, B.F. and J.R. Pringle. 1978. A mutant of yeast defective in cellular morphogenesis. Science 200: 1171-1173.
44. Sloat, B.F., A. Adams, and J.R. Pringle. 1981. Roles of the CDC24 gene product in cellular morphogenesis during the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. J. Cell Biol 89: 395-405.
45. Sprague, G.F. 1991. Assay of yeast mating reaction. Methods Enzymol. 194: 77-93.
46. Stevenson, B.J., B. Ferguson, C. De Virgilio, E. Bi, J.R. Pringle, G. Ammerer, and G.F. Sprague. 1995. Mutation of RGA1, which encodes a putative GTPase-activatmg protein for the polarity-establishment protein Cdc42p, activates the phermone response pathway in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes & Dev. 9: 2949-2963.
47. Sutton, A., D. Immanuel, and K.T. Arndt. 1991. The SIT4 protein phosphatase functions in late G1 for progression into S phase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 2133-2148.
48. Symons, M., J.M.J. Derry, B. Karlak, S. Jiang, V. Lemahieu, F. McCormick, U. Francke, and A. Abo. 1996. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, a novel effector for the GTPase CDC42Hs, is implicated in actin polymerization. Cell 84: 723-734.
49. Wang, T. and A. Bretscher. 1995. The rho-GAP encoded by BEM2 regulates cytoskeletal structure in budding yeast. Mol. Biol. Cell 6: 1011-1024.
50. Yamochi, W., K. Tanaka, H. Nonaka, A. Maeda, T. Mucha, and Y. Takai. 1994. Growth site localization of Rhol small GTP-binding protein and its involvement in bud formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 125: 1077-1093.
51. Zahner, J.E., H.A. Harkins, and J.R. Pringle. 1996. Genetic analysis of the bipolar pattern of bud site selection in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 1857-1870.
52. Zhao, Z.-S., T. Leung, E. Manser, and L. Lim. 1995. Pheromone signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the small GTP-binding protein Cdc42p and its activator CDC24. Mol Cell. Biol. 15: 5246-5257.
53. Zheng, Y., M.J. Hart, K. Shinjo, T. Evans, A. Bender, and R.A. Cerione. 1993. Biochemical comparisons of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bem2 and Bem3 proteins. J. Biol. Chem 268: 24629-24634.
54. Zheng, Y., R. Cerione, and A. Bender. 1994. Control of the yeast bud-site assembly GTPase Cdc42: Catalysis of guaninenucleotide exchange by Cdc24 and stimulation of GTPase activity by Bem3. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 2369-2372.
55. Zheng, Y., A. Bender, and R.A. Cerione. 1995. Interaction among proteins involved in bud-site assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 626-630.
56. Ziman, M. and D.I. Johnson. 1994. Genetic evidence for a functional interaction between Saccaromyces cerevisiae CDC24 and CDC42. Yeast 10: 463-474.
57. Ziman, M., J.M. O'Brien, L.A. Ouellette, W.R. Church, and D.I. Johnson. 1991. Mutational analysis of CDC42Sc, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene that encodes a putative GTP-binding protein involved in the control of cell polarity. mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 3537-3544.
58. Ziman, M., D. Preuss, J. Mulholland, J.M. O'Brien, D. Botstein, and D.I. Johnson. 1993. Subcellular localization of Cdc42p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae GTP-binding protein involved in the control of cell polarity. Mol. Biol. Cell 4: 1307-1316.