메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 241-261

On the Relationships between the Strlatum and the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus

Author keywords

Acetylcholine; Basal ganglia; Caudate putamen; Cortical re entrant systems; Limbic motor interface; Mesopontine tegmentum; Nucleus accumbens; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

CAUDATE NUCLEUS; COGNITION; CORPUS STRIATUM; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; LIMBIC SYSTEM; MOTIVATION; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PUTAMEN; REINFORCEMENT; REVIEW; TEGMENTUM;

EID: 0030634631     PISSN: 08920915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevNeurobiol.v11.i4.10     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (119)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 0014728372 scopus 로고
    • The corticostriate projection in the monkey
    • Kemp, J. M. and Powell, T. P. S., The corticostriate projection in the monkey, Brain, 93, 525, 1970.
    • (1970) Brain , vol.93 , pp. 525
    • Kemp, J.M.1    Powell, T.P.S.2
  • 2
    • 0000512724 scopus 로고
    • Motor functions of the basal ganglia
    • part 2, Brookhart, J. M., Mountcastle, V. B., and Brooks, V. B., Eds., American Physiological Society, Bethesda, Maryland
    • DeLong, M. R. and Georgopolous, A. P., Motor functions of the basal ganglia, in Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System, Vol. 2, part 2, Brookhart, J. M., Mountcastle, V. B., and Brooks, V. B., Eds., American Physiological Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 1981, 1017.
    • (1981) Handbook of Physiology: the Nervous System , vol.2 , pp. 1017
    • DeLong, M.R.1    Georgopolous, A.P.2
  • 3
    • 0021864424 scopus 로고
    • Microstimulation of the primate neostriatum. II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties
    • Alexander, G. E. and DeLong, M. R., Microstimulation of the primate neostriatum. II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties, J. Neurophysiol., 53, 1433, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.53 , pp. 1433
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 4
    • 0022930826 scopus 로고
    • Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking the basal ganglia and cortex
    • Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R., and Strick, P. L., Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking the basal ganglia and cortex, Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 9, 357, 1986.
    • (1986) Ann. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 357
    • Alexander, G.E.1    DeLong, M.R.2    Strick, P.L.3
  • 5
    • 0027986867 scopus 로고
    • The organization of the basal ganglia - Thalamocortical circuits: Open interconnected rather than closed segregated
    • Joel, D. and Weiner, I., The organization of the basal ganglia - thalamocortical circuits: open interconnected rather than closed segregated, Neuroscience, 63, 363, 1994.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 363
    • Joel, D.1    Weiner, I.2
  • 8
    • 0028059031 scopus 로고
    • The cortico-pallidal projection in the rat: An anterograde tracing study with biotinylated dextran amine
    • Naito, A. and Kita, H., The cortico-pallidal projection in the rat: an anterograde tracing study with biotinylated dextran amine, Brain Res., 653, 251, 1994.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.653 , pp. 251
    • Naito, A.1    Kita, H.2
  • 9
    • 0027466299 scopus 로고
    • Aminergic and cholinergic afferents to REM sleep induction regions of the pontine reticular formation in the rat
    • Semba, K., Aminergic and cholinergic afferents to REM sleep induction regions of the pontine reticular formation in the rat, J. Comp. Neural., 330, 543, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.330 , pp. 543
    • Semba, K.1
  • 10
    • 0025018187 scopus 로고
    • Single cholinergic mesopontine tegmental neurons project to both the pontine reticular formation and the thalamus in the rat
    • Semba, K., Reiner, P. B., and Fibiger, H. C., Single cholinergic mesopontine tegmental neurons project to both the pontine reticular formation and the thalamus in the rat, Neuroscience, 38, 643, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.38 , pp. 643
    • Semba, K.1    Reiner, P.B.2    Fibiger, H.C.3
  • 12
    • 0024267434 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects on locomotor activity of injections of procaine into mediodorsal thalamus and pedunculopontine nucleus
    • Mogenson, G. J. and Wu, M., Differential effects on locomotor activity of injections of procaine into mediodorsal thalamus and pedunculopontine nucleus, Brain Res. Bull., 20, 241, 1988.
    • (1988) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.20 , pp. 241
    • Mogenson, G.J.1    Wu, M.2
  • 13
    • 0024577590 scopus 로고
    • Subpallidal-pedunculopontine projections but not subpallidal-mediodorsal thalamus projections contribute to spontaneous exploratory locomotor activity
    • Mogenson, G. J., Wu, M., and Tsai, C. T., Subpallidal-pedunculopontine projections but not subpallidal-mediodorsal thalamus projections contribute to spontaneous exploratory locomotor activity, Brain Res., 485, 396, 1989.
    • (1989) Brain Res. , vol.485 , pp. 396
    • Mogenson, G.J.1    Wu, M.2    Tsai, C.T.3
  • 14
    • 0001761874 scopus 로고
    • Control of walking and running by means of electrical stimulation of the mid-brain
    • Shik, M. L., Severin, F. V., and Orlovskii, G. N., Control of walking and running by means of electrical stimulation of the mid-brain, Biophysics, 11, 756, 1966.
    • (1966) Biophysics , vol.11 , pp. 756
    • Shik, M.L.1    Severin, F.V.2    Orlovskii, G.N.3
  • 15
    • 0011888109 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of the extrapyramidal system
    • Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series, Fuxe, K. and Calne, D. B., Eds., Pergamon Press, New York
    • Nauta, W. J. H. and Domesick, V. B., The anatomy of the extrapyramidal system, in Dopaminergic Ergot Derivatives and Motor Functions (Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series, vol. 31), Fuxe, K. and Calne, D. B., Eds., Pergamon Press, New York, 1979, 3.
    • (1979) Dopaminergic Ergot Derivatives and Motor Functions , vol.31 , pp. 3
    • Nauta, W.J.H.1    Domesick, V.B.2
  • 16
    • 0000486903 scopus 로고
    • Catecholaminergic brain stem regulatory systems
    • Mountcastle, V. B., Bloom, F. E., and Geiger, S. R., Eds., American Physiological Society, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Bjorklund, A. and Lindvall, O., Catecholaminergic brain stem regulatory systems, in Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System, vol. 4, Mountcastle, V. B., Bloom, F. E., and Geiger, S. R., Eds., American Physiological Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 1986, 155.
    • (1986) Handbook of Physiology: the Nervous System , vol.4 , pp. 155
    • Bjorklund, A.1    Lindvall, O.2
  • 17
    • 0027465870 scopus 로고
    • Specificity in the efferent projections of the nucleus accumbens in the rat: Comparison of the rostral pole projection patterns with those of the core and shell
    • Zahm, D. S. and Heimer, L., Specificity in the efferent projections of the nucleus accumbens in the rat: comparison of the rostral pole projection patterns with those of the core and shell, J. Comp. Neural, 327, 220, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Comp. Neural , vol.327 , pp. 220
    • Zahm, D.S.1    Heimer, L.2
  • 18
    • 0019188610 scopus 로고
    • From motivation to action: Functional interface between the limbic system and the motor system
    • Mogenson, G. J., Jones, D. L., and Yim, C. Y., From motivation to action: functional interface between the limbic system and the motor system, Prog. Neurobiol., 14, 69, 1980.
    • (1980) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.14 , pp. 69
    • Mogenson, G.J.1    Jones, D.L.2    Yim, C.Y.3
  • 21
    • 0016150705 scopus 로고
    • A motivational view of learning, performance and behavior modification
    • Bindra, D., A motivational view of learning, performance and behavior modification, Psychol. Rev., 81, 199, 1974.
    • (1974) Psychol. Rev. , vol.81 , pp. 199
    • Bindra, D.1
  • 22
    • 0021044702 scopus 로고
    • Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: An overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Chl-Ch6)
    • Mesulam, M. M., Mufson, E. J., Wainer, B. H., and Levey, A. I., Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Chl-Ch6), Neuroscience, 10, 1185, 1983.
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.10 , pp. 1185
    • Mesulam, M.M.1    Mufson, E.J.2    Wainer, B.H.3    Levey, A.I.4
  • 23
    • 0023224450 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the rat: Cytoarchitecture, cytochemistry, and some extrapyramidal connections of the mesopontine tegmentum
    • Rye, D. B., Saper, C. B., Lee, H. J., and Wainer, B. H., Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the rat: cytoarchitecture, cytochemistry, and some extrapyramidal connections of the mesopontine tegmentum, J. Comp. Neural., 259, 483, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.259 , pp. 483
    • Rye, D.B.1    Saper, C.B.2    Lee, H.J.3    Wainer, B.H.4
  • 24
    • 0028792245 scopus 로고
    • GABAergic neurons in the rat pontomesencephalic tegmentum: Codistribution with cholinergic and other tegmental neurons projecting to the posterior lateral hypothalamus
    • Ford, B., Holmes, C. J., Mainville, L., and Jones, B. E., GABAergic neurons in the rat pontomesencephalic tegmentum: codistribution with cholinergic and other tegmental neurons projecting to the posterior lateral hypothalamus, J. Comp. Neurol., 363, 177, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.363 , pp. 177
    • Ford, B.1    Holmes, C.J.2    Mainville, L.3    Jones, B.E.4
  • 25
    • 0028232069 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: Distribution of cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum with evidence for the presence of glutamate in cholinergic neurons
    • Lavoie, B. and Parent A., Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: distribution of cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum with evidence for the presence of glutamate in cholinergic neurons, J. Comp. Neurol., 344, 190, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.344 , pp. 190
    • Lavoie, B.1    Parent, A.2
  • 26
    • 0026731005 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
    • Spann, B. M. and Grofova, I., Cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, Anat. Embryol., 186, 215, 1992.
    • (1992) Anat. Embryol. , vol.186 , pp. 215
    • Spann, B.M.1    Grofova, I.2
  • 27
    • 0344745175 scopus 로고
    • Nigral innervation of cholinergic and non-cholinergic cells in the rat mesopontine tegmentum: A double label EM study
    • Grofova, I. and Zhou, M., Nigral innervation of cholinergic and non-cholinergic cells in the rat mesopontine tegmentum: a double label EM study, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 19, 1433, 1993.
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , pp. 1433
    • Grofova, I.1    Zhou, M.2
  • 28
    • 0029059693 scopus 로고
    • An ultrastructural study of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei in the rat
    • Honda, T. and Semba, K., An ultrastructural study of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei in the rat, Neuroscience, 68, 837, 1995.
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.68 , pp. 837
    • Honda, T.1    Semba, K.2
  • 29
    • 0028825871 scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: Where the striatum meets the reticular formation
    • Inglis, W. L. and Winn, P., The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: where the striatum meets the reticular formation, Prog. Neurobiol., 47, 1, 1995.
    • (1995) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.47 , pp. 1
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Winn, P.2
  • 30
    • 0028316029 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the pigeon brain
    • Medina, L. and Reiner, A., Distribution of choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the pigeon brain, J. Comp. Neurol., 342, 497, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.342 , pp. 497
    • Medina, L.1    Reiner, A.2
  • 32
    • 0022569605 scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptides and NADPH-diaphorase activity in the ascending cholinergic reticular system of the rat
    • Vincent, S. R., Satoh, K., Armstrong, D. M., Panula, P., Vale, W., and Fibiger, H. C., Neuropeptides and NADPH-diaphorase activity in the ascending cholinergic reticular system of the rat, Neuroscience, 17, 167, 1986.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.17 , pp. 167
    • Vincent, S.R.1    Satoh, K.2    Armstrong, D.M.3    Panula, P.4    Vale, W.5    Fibiger, H.C.6
  • 33
    • 0023193822 scopus 로고
    • The origins of cholinergic and other subcortical afferents to the thalamus in the rat
    • Hallanger, A. E., Levey, A. I., Lee, H. J., Rye, D. B., and Wainer, B. H., The origins of cholinergic and other subcortical afferents to the thalamus in the rat, J. Comp. Neurol, 262, 105, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.262 , pp. 105
    • Hallanger, A.E.1    Levey, A.I.2    Lee, H.J.3    Rye, D.B.4    Wainer, B.H.5
  • 34
    • 0023766640 scopus 로고
    • Ascending projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and the adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat
    • Hallanger, A. E. and Wainer, B. H., Ascending projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and the adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat, J. Comp. Neurol, 274, 483, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.274 , pp. 483
    • Hallanger, A.E.1    Wainer, B.H.2
  • 35
    • 0023260596 scopus 로고
    • A cholinergic projection to the rat substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
    • Beninato, M. and Spencer, R. F., A cholinergic projection to the rat substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, Brain Res., 412, 169, 1987.
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.412 , pp. 169
    • Beninato, M.1    Spencer, R.F.2
  • 36
    • 0023680655 scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic innervation of the rat substantia nigra, A light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study
    • Beninato, M. and Spencer, R. F., The cholinergic innervation of the rat substantia nigra, A light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study, Exp. Brain Res., 72, 178, 1988.
    • (1988) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.72 , pp. 178
    • Beninato, M.1    Spencer, R.F.2
  • 37
    • 0027408206 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of dopamine efflux in the striatum following cholinergic stimulation of the substantia nigra in intact and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus-lesioned rats
    • Blaha, C. D. and Winn, P., Modulation of dopamine efflux in the striatum following cholinergic stimulation of the substantia nigra in intact and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus-lesioned rats, J. Neurosci., 13, 1035, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 1035
    • Blaha, C.D.1    Winn, P.2
  • 38
    • 0025736130 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic input to dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra: A double immunocytochemical study
    • Bolam, J. P., Francis, C. M., and Henderson, Z., Cholinergic input to dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra: a double immunocytochemical study, Neuroscience, 41, 483, 1991.
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.41 , pp. 483
    • Bolam, J.P.1    Francis, C.M.2    Henderson, Z.3
  • 39
    • 0024565684 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic projections to the substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei
    • Gould, E., Woolf, N. J., and Butcher, L. L., Cholinergic projections to the substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei, Neuroscience, 28, 611, 1989.
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.28 , pp. 611
    • Gould, E.1    Woolf, N.J.2    Butcher, L.L.3
  • 40
    • 0028285389 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: Cholinergic and glutamatergic projections to the substantia nigra
    • Lavole, B. and Parent, A., Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: cholinergic and glutamatergic projections to the substantia nigra, J. Comp. Neurol, 344, 232, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.344 , pp. 232
    • Lavole, B.1    Parent, A.2
  • 41
    • 0029056296 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of pontomesencephalic cholinergic neurons projecting to substantia nigra differs significantly from those projecting to ventral tegmental area
    • Oakman, S. A., Paris, P. L., Kerr, P. E., Cozzari, C., and Hartman, B. K., Distribution of pontomesencephalic cholinergic neurons projecting to substantia nigra differs significantly from those projecting to ventral tegmental area, J. Neurosci., 15, 5959, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 5959
    • Oakman, S.A.1    Paris, P.L.2    Kerr, P.E.3    Cozzari, C.4    Hartman, B.K.5
  • 42
    • 0023787541 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic vs. non-cholinergic efferents from the mesopontine tegmentum to the extrapyramidal motor system nuclei
    • Lee, H. J., Rye, D. B., Hallanger, A. E., Levey, A. I., and Wainer, B. H., Cholinergic vs. non-cholinergic efferents from the mesopontine tegmentum to the extrapyramidal motor system nuclei, J. Comp. Neurol., 275, 469, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.275 , pp. 469
    • Lee, H.J.1    Rye, D.B.2    Hallanger, A.E.3    Levey, A.I.4    Wainer, B.H.5
  • 43
    • 0020354508 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the rat: Evidence for additional extrapyramidal circuitry
    • Saper, C. B. and Loewy, A. D., Projections of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the rat: evidence for additional extrapyramidal circuitry, Brain Res., 252, 367, 1982.
    • (1982) Brain Res. , vol.252 , pp. 367
    • Saper, C.B.1    Loewy, A.D.2
  • 44
    • 0022530375 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tec- Turn, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain
    • Woolf, N. J. and Butcher, L. L., Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tec- turn, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain, Brain Res. Bull., 16, 603, 1986.
    • (1986) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.16 , pp. 603
    • Woolf, N.J.1    Butcher, L.L.2
  • 45
    • 0028874349 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamate-enriched inputs from the mesopontine tegmentum to the subthalamic nucleus in the rat
    • Bevan, M. D. and Bolam, J. P., Cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamate-enriched inputs from the mesopontine tegmentum to the subthalamic nucleus in the rat, J. Neurosci., 15, 7105, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 7105
    • Bevan, M.D.1    Bolam, J.P.2
  • 46
    • 0028358247 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: Projections to the basal ganglia as revealed by anterograde tract-tracing methods
    • Lavoie, B. and Parent, A., Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: projections to the basal ganglia as revealed by anterograde tract-tracing methods, J. Comp. Neural., 344, 210, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.344 , pp. 210
    • Lavoie, B.1    Parent, A.2
  • 47
    • 0023930359 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem afferents to the magnocellular basal forebrain studied by axonal transport, immunohistochemistry, and electrophysiology in the rat
    • Semba, K., Reiner, P. B., McGeer, E. G., and Fibiger, H. C., Brainstem afferents to the magnocellular basal forebrain studied by axonal transport, immunohistochemistry, and electrophysiology in the rat, J. Comp. Neural, 267, 433, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neural , vol.267 , pp. 433
    • Semba, K.1    Reiner, P.B.2    McGeer, E.G.3    Fibiger, H.C.4
  • 48
    • 0022370923 scopus 로고
    • Afferents to the zona incerta in the rat: A combined retrograde and anterograde study
    • Roger, M. and Cadusseau, J., Afferents to the zona incerta in the rat: a combined retrograde and anterograde study, J. Comp. Neural., 241, 480, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.241 , pp. 480
    • Roger, M.1    Cadusseau, J.2
  • 49
    • 0022980126 scopus 로고
    • A cholinergic projection to the rat superior colliculus demonstrated by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry
    • Beninato, M. and Spencer, R. F., A cholinergic projection to the rat superior colliculus demonstrated by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry, J. Comp. Neural., 253, 525, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.253 , pp. 525
    • Beninato, M.1    Spencer, R.F.2
  • 50
    • 0025609850 scopus 로고
    • A cholinoceptive desynchronized sleep induction zone in the anterodorsal pontine tegmentum: Locus of the sensitive region
    • Yamamoto, K., Mamelak, A. N., Quattrochi, J. J., and Hobson, J. A., A cholinoceptive desynchronized sleep induction zone in the anterodorsal pontine tegmentum: locus of the sensitive region, Neuroscience, 39, 279, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.39 , pp. 279
    • Yamamoto, K.1    Mamelak, A.N.2    Quattrochi, J.J.3    Hobson, J.A.4
  • 51
    • 0023939408 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic projections from the laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei to the pontine gigantocellular tegmental field in the cat
    • Mitant, A., Keihachiro, I., Hallanger, A. E., Wainer, B. H., Kataoka, K., and McCarley, R. W., Cholinergic projections from the laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei to the pontine gigantocellular tegmental field in the cat, Brain Res., 451, 397, 1988.
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.451 , pp. 397
    • Mitant, A.1    Keihachiro, I.2    Hallanger, A.E.3    Wainer, B.H.4    Kataoka, K.5    McCarley, R.W.6
  • 52
    • 0023851722 scopus 로고
    • Medullary and spinal efferents of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat
    • Rye, D. B., Lee, H. J., Saper, C. B., and Wainer, B. H., Medullary and spinal efferents of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat, J. Comp. Neural., 269, 315, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.269 , pp. 315
    • Rye, D.B.1    Lee, H.J.2    Saper, C.B.3    Wainer, B.H.4
  • 53
    • 0025350722 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a cholinergic projection from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the rostral ventrolateral medulla in the rat
    • Yasui, Y., Cechetto, D. F., and Saper, C. B., Evidence for a cholinergic projection from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the rostral ventrolateral medulla in the rat, Brain Res., 517, 19, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.517 , pp. 19
    • Yasui, Y.1    Cechetto, D.F.2    Saper, C.B.3
  • 54
    • 0025542380 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the spinal cord
    • Skinner, R. D., Kinjo, N., Henderson, V., and Garcia-Rill, E., Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the spinal cord, NeuroReport, 1, 183, 1990.
    • (1990) NeuroReport , vol.1 , pp. 183
    • Skinner, R.D.1    Kinjo, N.2    Henderson, V.3    Garcia-Rill, E.4
  • 55
    • 0025553325 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the medioventral medulla
    • Skinner, R. D., Kinjo, N., Ishikawa, Y., Biederman, J. A., and Garcia-Rill, E., Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the medioventral medulla, NeuroReport, 1, 207, 1990.
    • (1990) NeuroReport , vol.1 , pp. 207
    • Skinner, R.D.1    Kinjo, N.2    Ishikawa, Y.3    Biederman, J.A.4    Garcia-Rill, E.5
  • 56
    • 0028816344 scopus 로고
    • Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. the cortico-basal gangliathalamo-cortical loop
    • Parent, A. and Hazrati, L.-N., Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal gangliathalamo-cortical loop, Brain Res. Rev., 20, 91, 1995.
    • (1995) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 91
    • Parent, A.1    Hazrati, L.-N.2
  • 57
    • 0026695210 scopus 로고
    • Compartmental distribution of ventral striatal neurons projecting to the mesencephalon in the rat
    • Berendse, H. W., Groenewegen, H. J., and Lohman, H. M., Compartmental distribution of ventral striatal neurons projecting to the mesencephalon in the rat, J. Neurosci., 12, 2079, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 2079
    • Berendse, H.W.1    Groenewegen, H.J.2    Lohman, H.M.3
  • 58
    • 0027436519 scopus 로고
    • Organization of the output of the ventral striatopallidal system in the rat: Ventral pallidal efferents
    • Groenewegen, H. J., Berendse, H. W., and Haber, S. N., Organization of the output of the ventral striatopallidal system in the rat: ventral pallidal efferents, Neuroscience, 57, 113, 1993.
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.57 , pp. 113
    • Groenewegen, H.J.1    Berendse, H.W.2    Haber, S.N.3
  • 59
    • 0025813104 scopus 로고
    • Nigropedunculopontine projection in the rat: An anterograde tracing study with Phaseolus vulgaris-Leucoagglutinin (PHA-L)
    • Spann, B. M. and Grofova, I., Nigropedunculopontine projection in the rat: an anterograde tracing study with Phaseolus vulgaris-Leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), J. Comp. Neural., 311, 375, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.311 , pp. 375
    • Spann, B.M.1    Grofova, I.2
  • 60
    • 0026721398 scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies
    • Steininger, T. L., Rye, D. B., and Wainer, B. H., Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies, J. Comp. Neural., 321, 515, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.321 , pp. 515
    • Steininger, T.L.1    Rye, D.B.2    Wainer, B.H.3
  • 61
    • 0026019683 scopus 로고
    • Specificity in the projection patterns of accumbal core and shell in the rat
    • Heimer, L., Zahm, D. S., Churchill, L., Kalivas, P. W., and Wohltmann, C., Specificity in the projection patterns of accumbal core and shell in the rat, Neuroscience, 41, 89, 1991.
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.41 , pp. 89
    • Heimer, L.1    Zahm, D.S.2    Churchill, L.3    Kalivas, P.W.4    Wohltmann, C.5
  • 62
    • 0026706156 scopus 로고
    • Afferent connections of the laterodorsal and the pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei in the rat: A retro- And antero-grade transport and immunohistochemical study
    • Semba, K. and Fibiger, H. C., Afferent connections of the laterodorsal and the pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei in the rat: a retro- and antero-grade transport and immunohistochemical study, J. Comp. Neural., 323, 387, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.323 , pp. 387
    • Semba, K.1    Fibiger, H.C.2
  • 63
    • 0028364101 scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic synaptic input to cholinergic neurons in the rat mesopontine tegmentum
    • Honda, T. and Semba, K., Serotonergic synaptic input to cholinergic neurons in the rat mesopontine tegmentum, Brain Res., 647, 299, 1994.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.647 , pp. 299
    • Honda, T.1    Semba, K.2
  • 64
    • 0343598764 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic transmission in the brainstem: Implications for behavioural state control
    • Steriade, M. and Biesold, D., Eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Greene, R. W. and McCarley, R. W., Cholinergic transmission in the brainstem: implications for behavioural state control, in Brain Cholinergic Systems, Steriade, M. and Biesold, D., Eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990, 224.
    • (1990) Brain Cholinergic Systems , pp. 224
    • Greene, R.W.1    McCarley, R.W.2
  • 65
    • 0022407042 scopus 로고
    • The efferent projections from the reticular formation and the locus coeruleus studied by anterograde and retrograde axonal transport in the rat
    • Jones, B. E. and Yang, T. Z., The efferent projections from the reticular formation and the locus coeruleus studied by anterograde and retrograde axonal transport in the rat, J. Comp. Neural., 242, 56, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.242 , pp. 56
    • Jones, B.E.1    Yang, T.Z.2
  • 66
    • 0025343860 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical study of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive processes and cells innervating the pontomedullary reticular formation in the rat
    • Jones, B. E., Immunohistochemical study of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive processes and cells innervating the pontomedullary reticular formation in the rat, J. Comp. Neural., 295, 485, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.295 , pp. 485
    • Jones, B.E.1
  • 67
    • 0024322598 scopus 로고
    • Human reticular formation: Cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei and some cytochemical comparisons to forebrain cholinergic neurons
    • Mesulam, M.-M., Geula, C., Bothwell, M. A., and Hersh, L. B., Human reticular formation: cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei and some cytochemical comparisons to forebrain cholinergic neurons, J. Comp. Neural., 281, 611, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.281 , pp. 611
    • Mesulam, M.-M.1    Geula, C.2    Bothwell, M.A.3    Hersh, L.B.4
  • 68
    • 0011980301 scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN): A potential target for the convergence of information arising from different functional territories of the internal pallidum (Gpi) in primates
    • Smith, Y. and Shink, E., The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN): a potential target for the convergence of information arising from different functional territories of the internal pallidum (Gpi) in primates, Soc. Neurosci. Abst., 21, 677, 1995.
    • (1995) Soc. Neurosci. Abst. , vol.21 , pp. 677
    • Smith, Y.1    Shink, E.2
  • 69
    • 0025258424 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological properties of pedunculopontine neurons and their postsynaptic responses following stimulation of substantia nigra reticulata
    • Kang, Y. and Kitai, S. T., Electrophysiological properties of pedunculopontine neurons and their postsynaptic responses following stimulation of substantia nigra reticulata, Brain Res., 535, 79, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.535 , pp. 79
    • Kang, Y.1    Kitai, S.T.2
  • 70
    • 0022649265 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine induces burst firing in thalamic reticular neurons by activating a potassium conductance
    • McCormick, D. A. and Prince, D. A., Acetylcholine induces burst firing in thalamic reticular neurons by activating a potassium conductance, Nature, 319., 402, 1986.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , pp. 402
    • McCormick, D.A.1    Prince, D.A.2
  • 71
    • 0027268062 scopus 로고
    • Central core modulation of spontaneous oscillations and sensory transmission in thalamocortical systems
    • Steriade, M., Central core modulation of spontaneous oscillations and sensory transmission in thalamocortical systems, Curr. Opin. Neurobiol, 3, 619, 1993.
    • (1993) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol , vol.3 , pp. 619
    • Steriade, M.1
  • 72
    • 0023688791 scopus 로고
    • The functional states of the thalamus and the associated neuronal interplay
    • Steriade, M. and Llinás, R. R., The functional states of the thalamus and the associated neuronal interplay, Physiol. Rev., 68, 649, 1988.
    • (1988) Physiol. Rev. , vol.68 , pp. 649
    • Steriade, M.1    Llinás, R.R.2
  • 73
    • 0025470773 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activities in brain-stem cholinergic nuclei related to tonic activation processes in thalamocoitical systems
    • Steriade, M., Datta, S., Paré, D., Oakson, G., and Curró Dossi, R., Neuronal activities in brain-stem cholinergic nuclei related to tonic activation processes in thalamocoitical systems, J. Neurosci., 10, 2541, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2541
    • Steriade, M.1    Datta, S.2    Paré, D.3    Oakson, G.4    Curró Dossi, R.5
  • 74
    • 0028943572 scopus 로고
    • Glutamatergic and cholinergic inputs from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta
    • Futami, T., Takakusaki, K., and Kitai, S. T., Glutamatergic and cholinergic inputs from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, Neurosci. Res., 21, 331, 1995.
    • (1995) Neurosci. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 331
    • Futami, T.1    Takakusaki, K.2    Kitai, S.T.3
  • 75
    • 0030030032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens following cholinergic stimulation of the ventral tegmental area in intact, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus-lesioned and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus-lesioned rats
    • Blaha, C. D., Allen, L. F., Das, S., Inglis, W. L., Latimer, M. P., Vincent, S. R., and Winn, P., Dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens following cholinergic stimulation of the ventral tegmental area in intact, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus-lesioned and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus-lesioned rats, J. Neurosci., 16, 714, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 714
    • Blaha, C.D.1    Allen, L.F.2    Das, S.3    Inglis, W.L.4    Latimer, M.P.5    Vincent, S.R.6    Winn, P.7
  • 76
    • 0027053520 scopus 로고
    • A cholinergic input to the substantia nigra pars compacta increases striatal dopamine metabolism measured by in vivo voltammetry
    • Hernández-López, X., Góngora-Alfaro, J. L., Martínez-Fong, D., and Aceves J., A cholinergic input to the substantia nigra pars compacta increases striatal dopamine metabolism measured by in vivo voltammetry, Brain Res., 598, 114, 1992.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.598 , pp. 114
    • Hernández-López, X.1    Góngora-Alfaro, J.L.2    Martínez-Fong, D.3    Aceves, J.4
  • 77
    • 0026442986 scopus 로고
    • Membrane properties of mesopontine cholinergic neurons studied with the whole-cell patchclamp technique: Implications for behavioural state control
    • Kamondi, A., Williams, J. A., Hutcheon, B., and Reiner, P. B., Membrane properties of mesopontine cholinergic neurons studied with the whole-cell patchclamp technique: implications for behavioural state control, J. Neurophysiol., 68, 1359, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.68 , pp. 1359
    • Kamondi, A.1    Williams, J.A.2    Hutcheon, B.3    Reiner, P.B.4
  • 78
    • 0001125412 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology of mammalian pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental neurons in vitro: Implications for the control of REM sleep
    • Steriade, M. and Biesold, D., Eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Leonard, C. S. and Llinás, L. L., Electrophysiology of mammalian pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental neurons in vitro: Implications for the control of REM sleep, in Brain Cholinergic Systems, Steriade, M. and Biesold, D., Eds., Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990, 205.
    • (1990) Brain Cholinergic Systems , pp. 205
    • Leonard, C.S.1    Llinás, L.L.2
  • 79
    • 0028286902 scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic and cholinergic inhibition of mesopontine cholinergic neurons controlling REM sleep: An in vitro electrophysiological study
    • Leonard, C. S. and Llinás, R. R., Serotonergic and cholinergic inhibition of mesopontine cholinergic neurons controlling REM sleep: an in vitro electrophysiological study, Neuroscience, 59, 309, 1994.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.59 , pp. 309
    • Leonard, C.S.1    Llinás, R.R.2
  • 80
    • 0026601934 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin hyperpolarizes cholinergic low-threshold burst neurons in the rat laterodorsal tegmental nucleus in vitro
    • Luebke, J. I., Greene, R. W., Semba, K., Kamondi, A., McCarley, R. W., and Reiner, P. B., Serotonin hyperpolarizes cholinergic low-threshold burst neurons in the rat laterodorsal tegmental nucleus in vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 89, 743, 1992.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.89 , pp. 743
    • Luebke, J.I.1    Greene, R.W.2    Semba, K.3    Kamondi, A.4    McCarley, R.W.5    Reiner, P.B.6
  • 81
    • 0027312844 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline hyperpolarizes identified rat mesopontine cholinergic neurons in vitro
    • Williams, J. A. and Reiner, P. B., Noradrenaline hyperpolarizes identified rat mesopontine cholinergic neurons in vitro, J. Neurosci., 13, 3878, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 3878
    • Williams, J.A.1    Reiner, P.B.2
  • 82
    • 0026543614 scopus 로고
    • Separate neuronal projections of the rat globus pallidus projecting to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental area
    • Moriizumi, T. and Hattori, T., Separate neuronal projections of the rat globus pallidus projecting to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental area, Neuroscience, 46, 701, 1992.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.46 , pp. 701
    • Moriizumi, T.1    Hattori, T.2
  • 83
    • 0029962377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit expression by cholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei
    • Inglis, W. L. and Semba, K., Ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit expression by cholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei, J. Comp. Neural., 368, 17, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.368 , pp. 17
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Semba, K.2
  • 84
    • 0019191202 scopus 로고
    • Brain stem PGO-on cells projecting directly to the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Sakai, K. and Jouvet, M., Brain stem PGO-on cells projecting directly to the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, Brain Res., 194, 500, 1980.
    • (1980) Brain Res. , vol.194 , pp. 500
    • Sakai, K.1    Jouvet, M.2
  • 85
    • 0027503068 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine stimulation alters respiration and increases ACh release in the pontine reticular formation
    • Lydic, R. and Baghdoyan, H. A., Pedunculopontine stimulation alters respiration and increases ACh release in the pontine reticular formation, Am. J. Physiol., 264, R544, 1993.
    • (1993) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.264
    • Lydic, R.1    Baghdoyan, H.A.2
  • 86
    • 0028124475 scopus 로고
    • State-dependent release of acetylcholine in rat thalamus measured by in vivo microdialysis
    • Williams, J. A., Comisarow, J., Day, J., Fibiger, H. C., and Reiner, P. B., State-dependent release of acetylcholine in rat thalamus measured by in vivo microdialysis, J. Neurosci., 14, 5236, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 5236
    • Williams, J.A.1    Comisarow, J.2    Day, J.3    Fibiger, H.C.4    Reiner, P.B.5
  • 87
    • 0343734060 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus - A single cell recording during active arm movement in monkeys
    • Matsumura, M., Watanabe, K., and Ohye, C., Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus - a single cell recording during active arm movement in monkeys, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 21, 412, 1995.
    • (1995) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.21 , pp. 412
    • Matsumura, M.1    Watanabe, K.2    Ohye, C.3
  • 88
    • 0021991667 scopus 로고
    • Association of the mesencephalic locomotor region with locomotor activity induced by injections of amphetamine into the nucleus accumbens
    • Brudzynski, S. M. and Mogenson, G. J., Association of the mesencephalic locomotor region with locomotor activity induced by injections of amphetamine into the nucleus accumbens, Brain Res., 334, 77, 1985.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.334 , pp. 77
    • Brudzynski, S.M.1    Mogenson, G.J.2
  • 89
    • 0028256227 scopus 로고
    • An investigation into the role of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the mediation of locomotion and orofacial stereotypy induced by d-amphetamine and apomorphine in the rat
    • Inglis, W. L., Allen, L. F., Whitelaw, R. B., Latimer, M. P., Brace, H. M., and Winn, P., An investigation into the role of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the mediation of locomotion and orofacial stereotypy induced by d-amphetamine and apomorphine in the rat, Neuroscience, 58, 817, 1994.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.58 , pp. 817
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Allen, L.F.2    Whitelaw, R.B.3    Latimer, M.P.4    Brace, H.M.5    Winn, P.6
  • 90
    • 0028084766 scopus 로고
    • Lesions of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus block drug-induced reinforcement, but not amphetamine-induced locomotion
    • Olmstead, M. C. and Franklin, K. B. J., Lesions of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus block drug-induced reinforcement, but not amphetamine-induced locomotion, Brain Res., 638, 29, 1994.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.638 , pp. 29
    • Olmstead, M.C.1    Franklin, K.B.J.2
  • 91
    • 0028000927 scopus 로고
    • Outflow from the nucleus accumbens to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: A dissociation between locomotor activity and the acquisition of responding for conditioned reinforcement stimulated by d-amphetamine
    • Inglis, W. L., Dunbar, J. S., and Winn, P., Outflow from the nucleus accumbens to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: a dissociation between locomotor activity and the acquisition of responding for conditioned reinforcement stimulated by d-amphetamine, Neuroscience, 62, 51, 1994.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.62 , pp. 51
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Dunbar, J.S.2    Winn, P.3
  • 92
    • 0023216782 scopus 로고
    • Lesions of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex and pedunculopontine nucleus: Effects on locomotor activity mediated by nucleus accumbens-ventral pallidal circuitry
    • Swerdlow, N. R. and Koob, G. F., Lesions of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex and pedunculopontine nucleus: effects on locomotor activity mediated by nucleus accumbens-ventral pallidal circuitry, Brain Res., 412, 233, 1987.
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.412 , pp. 233
    • Swerdlow, N.R.1    Koob, G.F.2
  • 93
    • 0024446967 scopus 로고
    • The tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus: A brain-stem output of the limbic system critical for the conditioned place preferences produced by morphine and amphetamine
    • Bechara, A. and van der Kooy, D., The tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus: a brain-stem output of the limbic system critical for the conditioned place preferences produced by morphine and amphetamine, J. Neurosci., 9, 3400, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 3400
    • Bechara, A.1    Van der Kooy, D.2
  • 94
    • 0026729105 scopus 로고
    • A single brain stem substrate mediates the motivational effects of both opiates and food in nondeprived rats but not in deprived rats
    • Bechara, A. and van der Kooy, D., A single brain stem substrate mediates the motivational effects of both opiates and food in nondeprived rats but not in deprived rats, Behav. Neurosci., 106, 351, 1992.
    • (1992) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.106 , pp. 351
    • Bechara, A.1    Van der Kooy, D.2
  • 95
    • 0029671358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate lesions of the pedunculopontine nucleus block acquisition and impair maintenance of responding reinforced with brain stimulation
    • Lepore, M. and Franklin, K. B. J., N-methyl-D-aspartate lesions of the pedunculopontine nucleus block acquisition and impair maintenance of responding reinforced with brain stimulation, Neuroscience, 71, 147, 1996.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.71 , pp. 147
    • Lepore, M.1    Franklin, K.B.J.2
  • 96
    • 0027716799 scopus 로고
    • Rewarding brain stimulation: Role of tegmental cholinergic neurons that activate dopamine neurons
    • Yeomans, J. S., Mathur, A., and Tampakeras, M., Rewarding brain stimulation: role of tegmental cholinergic neurons that activate dopamine neurons, Behav. Neurosci., 107, 1077, 1993.
    • (1993) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.107 , pp. 1077
    • Yeomans, J.S.1    Mathur, A.2    Tampakeras, M.3
  • 98
    • 0003012094 scopus 로고
    • Ibotenic acid lesions of the rat pedunculopontine or laterodorsal tegmental nucleus: Effects on behavioural state control
    • Inglis, W. L., Thakkar, M., Rainnie, D. G., Greene, R. W., McCarley, R. W., and Semba, K., Ibotenic acid lesions of the rat pedunculopontine or laterodorsal tegmental nucleus: effects on behavioural state control, Sleep Res., 24A, 217, 1995.
    • (1995) Sleep Res. , vol.24 A , pp. 217
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Thakkar, M.2    Rainnie, D.G.3    Greene, R.W.4    McCarley, R.W.5    Semba, K.6
  • 99
    • 0024397741 scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms underlying Parkinsonian symptoms based upon regional uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in monkeys exposed to l-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Mitchell, I. J., Clarke, C. E., Boyce, S., Robertson, R. G., Peggs, D., Sambrook, M. A., and Crossman, A. R., Neural mechanisms underlying Parkinsonian symptoms based upon regional uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in monkeys exposed to l-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, Neuroscience, 32, 213, 1989.
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.32 , pp. 213
    • Mitchell, I.J.1    Clarke, C.E.2    Boyce, S.3    Robertson, R.G.4    Peggs, D.5    Sambrook, M.A.6    Crossman, A.R.7
  • 100
    • 0021268845 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical studies of GABA-ergic neurons in rat basal ganglia and their relations to other neuronal systems
    • Oertel, W. H. and Mugnaini, E., Immunocytochemical studies of GABA-ergic neurons in rat basal ganglia and their relations to other neuronal systems, Neurosci. Lett., 47, 233, 1984.
    • (1984) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.47 , pp. 233
    • Oertel, W.H.1    Mugnaini, E.2
  • 101
    • 0028990459 scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus mediates orofacial behaviours stimulated by microinjections of d-amphetamine into rat ventrolateral caudate-putamen
    • Allen, L. F. and Winn, P., The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus mediates orofacial behaviours stimulated by microinjections of d-amphetamine into rat ventrolateral caudate-putamen, Exp. Brain Res., 104, 262, 1995.
    • (1995) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.104 , pp. 262
    • Allen, L.F.1    Winn, P.2
  • 103
    • 0025542922 scopus 로고
    • The role of the striatum in the mental chronometry of action: A theoretical review
    • Robbins, T. W. and Brown, V. J., The role of the striatum in the mental chronometry of action: a theoretical review, Rev. Neurosci., 2, 181, 1991.
    • (1991) Rev. Neurosci. , vol.2 , pp. 181
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Brown, V.J.2
  • 104
    • 0025198534 scopus 로고
    • 2 dopamine receptors in oral stereotypy induced by dopaminergic stimulation of the ventrolateral striatum
    • 2 dopamine receptors in oral stereotypy induced by dopaminergic stimulation of the ventrolateral striatum, Neuroscience, 39, 59, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.39 , pp. 59
    • Delfs, J.M.1    Kelley, A.E.2
  • 105
    • 0027181213 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic innervation of trigeminal motor neurones involved in mastication by neurones of the parvicellular reticular formation
    • Mogoseanu, D., Smith, A. D., and Bolam, J. P., Monosynaptic innervation of trigeminal motor neurones involved in mastication by neurones of the parvicellular reticular formation, J. Comp. Neural., 336, 53, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Comp. Neural. , vol.336 , pp. 53
    • Mogoseanu, D.1    Smith, A.D.2    Bolam, J.P.3
  • 106
    • 0026788225 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic organization of GABAergic inputs from the striatum and the globus pallidus onto neurons in the substantia nigra and retrorubral field which project to the medullary reticular formation
    • Von Krosigk., M., Smith, Y., Bolam, J. P., and Smith, A. D., Synaptic organization of GABAergic inputs from the striatum and the globus pallidus onto neurons in the substantia nigra and retrorubral field which project to the medullary reticular formation, Neuroscience, 50, 531, 1992.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.50 , pp. 531
    • Von Krosigk, M.1    Smith, Y.2    Bolam, J.P.3    Smith, A.D.4
  • 107
    • 0021668551 scopus 로고
    • Superior colliculus and visual neglect in rat and hamster. III. Functional implications
    • Dean, P. and Redgrave, P., Superior colliculus and visual neglect in rat and hamster. III. Functional implications, Brain Res. Rev., 8, 155, 1984.
    • (1984) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.8 , pp. 155
    • Dean, P.1    Redgrave, P.2
  • 108
    • 0000687483 scopus 로고
    • Prey selection by frogs and toads: A neuroethological model
    • Motivation, Satinoff, E. and Teitelbaum, P., Eds., Plenum Press, New York
    • Ingle, D. J., Prey selection by frogs and toads: a neuroethological model, in Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology, vol. 6, Motivation, Satinoff, E. and Teitelbaum, P., Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1983, 235.
    • (1983) Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology , vol.6 , pp. 235
    • Ingle, D.J.1
  • 109
    • 0028114468 scopus 로고
    • Tegmental pedunculopontine lesions in rats decrease saccharin's rewarding effects but not its memory-improving effect
    • Stefurak, T. L. and van der Kooy, D., Tegmental pedunculopontine lesions in rats decrease saccharin's rewarding effects but not its memory-improving effect, Behav. Neurosci., 108, 972, 1994.
    • (1994) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.108 , pp. 972
    • Stefurak, T.L.1    Van der Kooy, D.2
  • 111
    • 0025723425 scopus 로고
    • The effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens on a matching to position task
    • Reading, P. and Dunnett, S., The effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens on a matching to position task, Behav. Brain Res., 46, 17, 1991.
    • (1991) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.46 , pp. 17
    • Reading, P.1    Dunnett, S.2
  • 112
    • 0028791977 scopus 로고
    • Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens
    • Brown, V. J. and Bowman, E. M., Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens, Eur. J. Neurosci., 7, 2479, 1995.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 2479
    • Brown, V.J.1    Bowman, E.M.2
  • 113
    • 0027245532 scopus 로고
    • A triple dissociation of memory systems: Hippocampus, amygdala and dorsal striatum
    • McDonald, R. J. and White, N. M., A triple dissociation of memory systems: hippocampus, amygdala and dorsal striatum, Behav. Neurosci., 107, 3, 1993.
    • (1993) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.107 , pp. 3
    • McDonald, R.J.1    White, N.M.2
  • 114
    • 0026531143 scopus 로고
    • Histochemical mapping of nitric oxide synthase in the rat brain
    • Vincent, S. R. and Kimura, H., Histochemical mapping of nitric oxide synthase in the rat brain, Neuroscience, 46, 755, 1992.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.46 , pp. 755
    • Vincent, S.R.1    Kimura, H.2
  • 115
    • 0024340591 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic nigral inputs to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus neurons which send their axons to the medial reticular formation in the medulla oblongata. An electron microscopic study in the cat
    • Nakamura, Y., Tokuno, H., Moriizumi, T., Kitao, Y., and Kudo, M., Monosynaptic nigral inputs to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus neurons which send their axons to the medial reticular formation in the medulla oblongata. An electron microscopic study in the cat, Neurosci. Lett., 103, 145, 1989.
    • (1989) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.103 , pp. 145
    • Nakamura, Y.1    Tokuno, H.2    Moriizumi, T.3    Kitao, Y.4    Kudo, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.