메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 101, Issue 3 A, 1996, Pages 10S-21S

Gender considerations in hypertension pathophysiology and treatment

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CAPTOPRIL; CHLORTALIDONE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ESTROGEN; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; SEX HORMONE;

EID: 0030606971     PISSN: 00029343     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00264-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 0029024577 scopus 로고
    • Trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the adult US population - Data from the health examination surveys, 1960 to 1991
    • Burt VL, Cutler JA, Higgins M, et al. Trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the adult US population - data from the health examination surveys, 1960 to 1991. Hypertension. 1995;26:60-69.
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.26 , pp. 60-69
    • Burt, V.L.1    Cutler, J.A.2    Higgins, M.3
  • 2
    • 0030590027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evaluation of chest pain in women
    • Douglas PS, Ginsburg GS. The evaluation of chest pain in women. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1311-1315.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med. , vol.334 , pp. 1311-1315
    • Douglas, P.S.1    Ginsburg, G.S.2
  • 3
    • 0030064128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotection and antihypertensive therapy. The key importance of addressing the associated coronary risk factors (the Framingham experience)
    • Kannel WB. Cardioprotection and antihypertensive therapy. The key importance of addressing the associated coronary risk factors (the Framingham experience). Am J Cardiol. 1996;77(suppl):6B-11B.
    • (1996) Am J Cardiol. , vol.77 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Kannel, W.B.1
  • 4
    • 0027399060 scopus 로고
    • The fifth report of the joint national committee on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure
    • Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The fifth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Arch Intern Med. 1993;153:154-181.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med. , vol.153 , pp. 154-181
  • 7
    • 0025755590 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen and coronary heart disease in women
    • Barrett-Connor E, Bush TL. Estrogen and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA. 1991;265:1861-1867.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 1861-1867
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Bush, T.L.2
  • 8
    • 0022656719 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in the sexes. A 26-year follow-up of the framingham population
    • Lerner DJ, Kannel WB. Patterns of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in the sexes. A 26-year follow-up of the Framingham population. Am Heart J. 1986 1:383-390.
    • (1986) Am Heart J. , vol.1 , pp. 383-390
    • Lerner, D.J.1    Kannel, W.B.2
  • 9
    • 0027421131 scopus 로고
    • Plasma lipoprotein levels as predictors of cardiovascular death in women
    • Bass KM, Newschaffer CJ, Klag MJ, Bush TL. Plasma lipoprotein levels as predictors of cardiovascular death in women. Arch Intern Med. 1993;153:2209-2216.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med. , vol.153 , pp. 2209-2216
    • Bass, K.M.1    Newschaffer, C.J.2    Klag, M.J.3    Bush, T.L.4
  • 10
    • 0025836341 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in women: What is really known? the women's caucus, working group on women's health of the Society of General Internal Medicine
    • Anastos K, Charney P, Charon RA, et al. Hypertension in women: what is really known? The Women's Caucus, Working Group on Women's Health of the Society of General Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:287-293.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med. , vol.115 , pp. 287-293
    • Anastos, K.1    Charney, P.2    Charon, R.A.3
  • 11
    • 0023189234 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease in women: Perspective from the Framingham study
    • Kannel WB. Metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease in women: perspective from the Framingham study. Am Heart J. 1987;114:413-419.
    • (1987) Am Heart J. , vol.114 , pp. 413-419
    • Kannel, W.B.1
  • 12
    • 0029871239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in cardiac arrest survivors
    • Albert C. Sex differences in cardiac arrest survivors. Circulation. 1996;93:1170-1176.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.93 , pp. 1170-1176
    • Albert, C.1
  • 14
    • 0030060087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerance of antihypertensive treatment in men and women with stage 1 diastolic hypertension
    • Lewis CE, Grandits GA, Flack J, McDonald R, Elmer PJ. Efficacy and tolerance of antihypertensive treatment in men and women with stage 1 diastolic hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:377-385.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med. , vol.156 , pp. 377-385
    • Lewis, C.E.1    Grandits, G.A.2    Flack, J.3    McDonald, R.4    Elmer, P.J.5
  • 15
    • 0029144526 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of hyperlipidemia in women
    • Walsh JME, Grady D. The treatment of hyperlipidemia in women. JAMA. 1995;274:1152-1158.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1152-1158
    • Walsh, J.M.E.1    Grady, D.2
  • 16
    • 0029873301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners
    • Williams PT. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1298-1303.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med. , vol.334 , pp. 1298-1303
    • Williams, P.T.1
  • 17
    • 0023615821 scopus 로고
    • Disparate cardiovascular findings in men and women with essential hypertension
    • Messerli VH, Garavaglia GE, Schmieder R. Disparate cardiovascular findings in men and women with essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107:158-163.
    • (1987) Ann Intern Med. , vol.107 , pp. 158-163
    • Messerli, V.H.1    Garavaglia, G.E.2    Schmieder, R.3
  • 18
    • 0003067017 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to challenge in males and females
    • Schneiderman N, Weiss SM, Kaufman PG, eds. New York: Plenum Press
    • Saab PG. Cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to challenge in males and females. In: Schneiderman N, Weiss SM, Kaufman PG, eds. Handbook of Research Methods in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine. New York: Plenum Press; 1989:453-481.
    • (1989) Handbook of Research Methods in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine , pp. 453-481
    • Saab, P.G.1
  • 19
    • 0023237687 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in physiological responses to stress and coronary heart disease: A causal link?
    • Stoney CM, Davis MC, Matthews KA. Sex differences in physiological responses to stress and coronary heart disease: a causal link? Psychophysiology. 1987;24:127-131.
    • (1987) Psychophysiology , vol.24 , pp. 127-131
    • Stoney, C.M.1    Davis, M.C.2    Matthews, K.A.3
  • 20
    • 0028965319 scopus 로고
    • Gender, day-night blood pressure changes, and left ventricular mass in essential hypertension
    • Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Borgioni C, et al. Gender, day-night blood pressure changes, and left ventricular mass in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 1995;8:193-196.
    • (1995) Am J Hypertens. , vol.8 , pp. 193-196
    • Verdecchia, P.1    Schillaci, G.2    Borgioni, C.3
  • 21
    • 0027235868 scopus 로고
    • Blunted nocturnal fall in blood pressure in hypertensive women with future cardiovascular morbid events
    • Verdecchia P, Schillaci C, Gatteschi I, et al. Blunted nocturnal fall in blood pressure in hypertensive women with future cardiovascular morbid events. Circulation. 1993;88:986-992.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 986-992
    • Verdecchia, P.1    Schillaci, C.2    Gatteschi, I.3
  • 22
    • 0028076232 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen improves endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation in postmenopausal women
    • Lieberman EH, Gerhard MD, Uehata A, et al. Estrogen improves endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation in postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:936-941.
    • (1994) Ann Intern Med. , vol.121 , pp. 936-941
    • Lieberman, E.H.1    Gerhard, M.D.2    Uehata, A.3
  • 23
    • 0023880431 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen use and coronary atherosclerosis
    • Sullivan JM, Vander Zwaag R, Lemp GF, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen use and coronary atherosclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:358-363.
    • (1988) Ann Intern Med. , vol.108 , pp. 358-363
    • Sullivan, J.M.1    Vander Zwaag, R.2    Lemp, G.F.3
  • 24
    • 0025940856 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and cardiovascular disease: Ten year follow-up from the nurses' health study
    • Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and cardiovascular disease: ten year follow-up from the nurses' health study. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:756-762.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med. , vol.325 , pp. 756-762
    • Stampfer, M.J.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Willett, W.C.3
  • 25
    • 0026545837 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on serum lipid values and angiographically defined coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women
    • Hong MK, Romm PA, Reagan K, Green CE, Rackley CE. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on serum lipid values and angiographically defined coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol. 1992;69:176-178.
    • (1992) Am J Cardiol. , vol.69 , pp. 176-178
    • Hong, M.K.1    Romm, P.A.2    Reagan, K.3    Green, C.E.4    Rackley, C.E.5
  • 26
    • 0026072558 scopus 로고
    • Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins
    • Walsh BW, Schiff I, Rosner B, Grienberg L, Ravnikar V, Sacks F. Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1196-1204.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med. , vol.325 , pp. 1196-1204
    • Walsh, B.W.1    Schiff, I.2    Rosner, B.3    Grienberg, L.4    Ravnikar, V.5    Sacks, F.6
  • 27
    • 0023265766 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular mortality and noncontraceptive use of estrogen in women: Results from the lipid research clinics program follow-up study
    • Bush TL, Barrett-Conner E, Cowan LD, et al. Cardiovascular mortality and noncontraceptive use of estrogen in women: results from the Lipid Research Clinics Program Follow-up Study. Circulation. 1987;75:1182-1189.
    • (1987) Circulation , vol.75 , pp. 1182-1189
    • Bush, T.L.1    Barrett-Conner, E.2    Cowan, L.D.3
  • 28
    • 0018077211 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen binding sites in endothelial cell cultures
    • Colburn P, Buonassisi V. Estrogen binding sites in endothelial cell cultures. Science. 1978;210:817-819.
    • (1978) Science , vol.210 , pp. 817-819
    • Colburn, P.1    Buonassisi, V.2
  • 29
    • 0019364516 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear uptake of sex steroid hormones in the cardiovascular system of the baboon
    • McGill HC Jr, Sheridan PJ. Nuclear uptake of sex steroid hormones in the cardiovascular system of the baboon. Circ Res. 1981;48:238-244.
    • (1981) Circ Res. , vol.48 , pp. 238-244
    • McGill H.C., Jr.1    Sheridan, P.J.2
  • 30
    • 0020031789 scopus 로고
    • Canine vascular tissues are targets for androgens, estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids
    • Horwitz KB, Horwitz LD. Canine vascular tissues are targets for androgens, estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids. J Clin Invest. 1982;69:750-758.
    • (1982) J Clin Invest. , vol.69 , pp. 750-758
    • Horwitz, K.B.1    Horwitz, L.D.2
  • 32
    • 0027972917 scopus 로고
    • Role of calcium in vascular smooth muscle proliferation: Antiproliferative effects of verapamil enantiomers - Independence from calcium channel blockage
    • Simpson LL, Zhang F, Standley PR, Ram JL, Weir MR, Sowers JR. Role of calcium in vascular smooth muscle proliferation: antiproliferative effects of verapamil enantiomers - independence from calcium channel blockage. J Vasc Med Biol. 1994;5:46-53.
    • (1994) J Vasc Med Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 46-53
    • Simpson, L.L.1    Zhang, F.2    Standley, P.R.3    Ram, J.L.4    Weir, M.R.5    Sowers, J.R.6
  • 33
    • 0028840215 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen inhibits the response to injury in a mouse carotid artery model
    • Sullivan TR, Karas RH, Aronovitz M, et al. Estrogen inhibits the response to injury in a mouse carotid artery model. J Clin Invest 1995;96:2482-2488.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.96 , pp. 2482-2488
    • Sullivan, T.R.1    Karas, R.H.2    Aronovitz, M.3
  • 34
    • 0026437582 scopus 로고
    • Basal release of nitric oxide from aortic rings is greater in female rabbits than in male rabbits: Implications for atherosclerosis
    • Hayashi T, Fukuto JM, Ignarro LJ, Chaudharc G. Basal release of nitric oxide from aortic rings is greater in female rabbits than in male rabbits: implications for atherosclerosis. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:11259-11263.
    • (1992) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 11259-11263
    • Hayashi, T.1    Fukuto, J.M.2    Ignarro, L.J.3    Chaudharc, G.4
  • 35
    • 0027522338 scopus 로고
    • Identification of increased nitric oxide biosynthesis during pregnancy in rats
    • Conrad KP, Jaffe GM, Kruszyna R, et al. Identification of increased nitric oxide biosynthesis during pregnancy in rats. FASEB J. 1993;7:566-571.
    • (1993) FASEB J. , vol.7 , pp. 566-571
    • Conrad, K.P.1    Jaffe, G.M.2    Kruszyna, R.3
  • 37
    • 0028823913 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide by a receptor mediated system
    • Hayashi T, Yamada K, Esaki T, et al. Estrogen increases endothelial nitric oxide by a receptor mediated system. Biochem Biophys Res Comm. 1995;214:847-855.
    • (1995) Biochem Biophys Res Comm. , vol.214 , pp. 847-855
    • Hayashi, T.1    Yamada, K.2    Esaki, T.3
  • 38
    • 0022505110 scopus 로고
    • Overall and coronary heart disease mortality rates in relation to major risk factors in 325,348 men screened for MRFIT
    • Kannel WB, Neaton JD, Wentworth D, Thomas HE, Stamler J, Hulley SB, Kjelsberg MO. Overall and coronary heart disease mortality rates in relation to major risk factors in 325,348 men screened for MRFIT. Am Heart J. 1986;112:825-836.
    • (1986) Am Heart J. , vol.112 , pp. 825-836
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Neaton, J.D.2    Wentworth, D.3    Thomas, H.E.4    Stamler, J.5    Hulley, S.B.6    Kjelsberg, M.O.7
  • 39
    • 0024362676 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and risk of fatal coronary heart disease
    • Stamler J, Neaton JD, Wentworth DN. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and risk of fatal coronary heart disease. Hypertension. 1989;13(suppl 1):12-12.
    • (1989) Hypertension , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 12-12
    • Stamler, J.1    Neaton, J.D.2    Wentworth, D.N.3
  • 40
    • 0028218866 scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in blood pressure regulation in essential hypertension
    • Munetta S, Murakami E, Hiwada K. Gender difference in blood pressure regulation in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res. 1994;17:71-78.
    • (1994) Hypertens Res. , vol.17 , pp. 71-78
    • Munetta, S.1    Murakami, E.2    Hiwada, K.3
  • 41
    • 0342384389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure levels in persons 18-74 years of age in 1976-80, and trends in blood pressure from 1960 to 1980 in the United States. National Health Survey, Series 11,234, DHHS Publication (PHS) 86-1684
    • Blood pressure levels in persons 18-74 years of age in 1976-80, and trends in blood pressure from 1960 to 1980 in the United States. National Health Survey, Series 11,234, DHHS Publication (PHS) 86-1684.
  • 42
    • 0014936166 scopus 로고
    • Biological patterns in hypertension by race, sex, body weight, and skin color
    • Boyle E Jr. Biological patterns in hypertension by race, sex, body weight, and skin color. JAMA. 1970;213:1637.
    • (1970) JAMA , vol.213 , pp. 1637
    • Boyle E., Jr.1
  • 43
    • 0024598843 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of sodium-lithium counter-transport and blood pressure in Caucasians who live to 89 years of age
    • Turner ST, Weidman WH, Michels VV, et al. Distribution of sodium-lithium counter-transport and blood pressure in Caucasians who live to 89 years of age. Hypertension. 1989;13:378-391.
    • (1989) Hypertension , vol.13 , pp. 378-391
    • Turner, S.T.1    Weidman, W.H.2    Michels, V.V.3
  • 46
    • 0343689558 scopus 로고
    • Sex hormone status, insulin resistance, and blood pressure in African Americans
    • Falkner B, Franke M, Dugger E, Petrov L, Kushner H. Sex hormone status, insulin resistance, and blood pressure in African Americans. (Abstr.) Hypertension. 1995;25:8.
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.25 , pp. 8
    • Falkner, B.1    Franke, M.2    Dugger, E.3    Petrov, L.4    Kushner, H.5
  • 47
    • 0028814952 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacology of estrogens: Cardiovascular actions and cardioprotective benefits of replacement therapy in postmenopausal women
    • Schwartz J, Freeman R, Frishman W. Clinical pharmacology of estrogens: cardiovascular actions and cardioprotective benefits of replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. J Clin Pharmacol. 1995;35:1-16.
    • (1995) J Clin Pharmacol. , vol.35 , pp. 1-16
    • Schwartz, J.1    Freeman, R.2    Frishman, W.3
  • 48
    • 77957126077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions trial
    • The writing group for the PEPI trial. Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions trial. JAMA. 1995;273:199-208.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 199-208
  • 49
    • 0028143579 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogens on lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease in women
    • Knopp RH, Zhu X, Bonet B. Effects of estrogens on lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease in women (review). Atherosclerosis. 1994;110:S83-S91.
    • (1994) Atherosclerosis , vol.110
    • Knopp, R.H.1    Zhu, X.2    Bonet, B.3
  • 50
    • 0000448804 scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in diabetics in the Framingham population: Sixteen-year follow-up study
    • Garcia MJ, McNamara PM, Gordon T, Kannel WB. Morbidity and mortality in diabetics in the Framingham population: sixteen-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care. 1990;13:631-654.
    • (1990) Diabetes Care , vol.13 , pp. 631-654
    • Garcia, M.J.1    McNamara, P.M.2    Gordon, T.3    Kannel, W.B.4
  • 51
    • 58149364331 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and causes of treated ESRD
    • USRDS 1995 Annual Data Report
    • USRDS 1995 Annual Data Report. Incidence and causes of treated ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;26:S39-S50.
    • (1995) Am J Kidney Dis. , vol.26
  • 52
    • 0020502121 scopus 로고
    • Sex differential in ischemic heart disease mortality in diabetics: A prospective population-based study
    • Barrett-Connor E, Wingard DL. Sex differential in ischemic heart disease mortality in diabetics: a prospective population-based study. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;118:489-496.
    • (1983) Am J Epidemiol. , vol.118 , pp. 489-496
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Wingard, D.L.2
  • 53
    • 0025331112 scopus 로고
    • Insulin and atheroma: 20 year perspective
    • Stout RW. Insulin and atheroma: 20 year perspective. Diabetes Care. 1990;13:631-654.
    • (1990) Diabetes Care , vol.13 , pp. 631-654
    • Stout, R.W.1
  • 54
    • 0026751893 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and accelerated atherosclerosis
    • Sowers JR. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and accelerated atherosclerosis. J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;32:529-535.
    • (1992) J Clin Pharmacol. , vol.32 , pp. 529-535
    • Sowers, J.R.1
  • 55
    • 0024075587 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous insulin and sex hormones in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease
    • Donahue RP, Barrett-Connor E, Orchard TJ, Gutai JP. Endogenous insulin and sex hormones in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Arteriosclerosis. 1988;8:544-548.
    • (1988) Arteriosclerosis , vol.8 , pp. 544-548
    • Donahue, R.P.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Orchard, T.J.3    Gutai, J.P.4
  • 56
    • 0029923377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic lesions induce obesity and sex-dependent glomerular damage and increases in blood pressure in rats
    • Baylis C, Samsell L, Racusen L, Gladfelter W. Hypothalamic lesions induce obesity and sex-dependent glomerular damage and increases in blood pressure in rats. Hypertension. 1996;27:926-932.
    • (1996) Hypertension , vol.27 , pp. 926-932
    • Baylis, C.1    Samsell, L.2    Racusen, L.3    Gladfelter, W.4
  • 57
    • 0026011776 scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in renal function and hormonal status of New Zealand genetically hypertensive rats
    • Ashton N, Balment RJ. Sexual dimorphism in renal function and hormonal status of New Zealand genetically hypertensive rats. Acta Endocrinol. 1991;124:91-97.
    • (1991) Acta Endocrinol. , vol.124 , pp. 91-97
    • Ashton, N.1    Balment, R.J.2
  • 58
    • 0024446678 scopus 로고
    • Gonadectomy abolishes the sexual dimorphism in DOC-salt hypertension in the rat
    • Crofton JT, Share L, Brooks DP. Gonadectomy abolishes the sexual dimorphism in DOC-salt hypertension in the rat. Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1989;11:1249-1261.
    • (1989) Clin Exp Hypertens A. , vol.11 , pp. 1249-1261
    • Crofton, J.T.1    Share, L.2    Brooks, D.P.3
  • 59
    • 0029869881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with survival to 75 years of age in middle-aged men and women: The Framingham study
    • Goldberg RJ, Larson M, Levy D. Factors associated with survival to 75 years of age in middle-aged men and women: the Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:505-509.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med. , vol.156 , pp. 505-509
    • Goldberg, R.J.1    Larson, M.2    Levy, D.3
  • 60
    • 0018570975 scopus 로고
    • Five year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program II. Mortality by race, sex, and age
    • Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Five year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program II. Mortality by race, sex, and age. JAMA. 1979;242:2572-2577.
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.242 , pp. 2572-2577
  • 61
    • 0021223831 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the HDFP trial. Evidence of adverse effects of antihypertensive therapy on white women with moderate to severe hypertension
    • Schnall P, Alderman MH, Kern R. An analysis of the HDFP trial. Evidence of adverse effects of antihypertensive therapy on white women with moderate to severe hypertension. NY Stat J Med. 1984;84:299-301.
    • (1984) NY Stat J Med. , vol.84 , pp. 299-301
    • Schnall, P.1    Alderman, M.H.2    Kern, R.3
  • 62
    • 0021863832 scopus 로고
    • MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: Principle results
    • Medical Research Council Working Party. MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principle results. Br Med J. 1985;291:197-204.
    • (1985) Br Med J. , vol.291 , pp. 197-204
  • 63
    • 0001384022 scopus 로고
    • Management committee of the Australian therapeutic trial in mild hypertension. The Australian committee of the Australian therapeutic trial of mild hypertension
    • Management Committee of the Australian Therapeutic Trial in Mild Hypertension. The Australian Committee of the Australian Therapeutic Trial of Mild Hypertension. Lancet. 1980;i:1261-1267.
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1261-1267
  • 64
    • 84910534618 scopus 로고
    • Management committee of the Australian therapeutic trial of mild hypertension in the elderly
    • Management Committee of the Australian Therapeutic Trial of Mild Hypertension in the Elderly. Med J Aust. 1981;2:398-402.
    • (1981) Med J Aust. , vol.2 , pp. 398-402
  • 65
    • 0022656719 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of coronary disease morbidity and mortality in the sexes: A 26-year follow-up of the Framingham population
    • Lerner DJ, Kannel WB. Patterns of coronary disease morbidity and mortality in the sexes: a 26-year follow-up of the Framingham population. Am Heart J. 1986;111:383-390.
    • (1986) Am Heart J. , vol.111 , pp. 383-390
    • Lerner, D.J.1    Kannel, W.B.2
  • 66
    • 0025831464 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the systolic hypertension in the elderly program
    • Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the systolic hypertension in the elderly program. JAMA. 1991;265:3255-3264.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 3255-3264
  • 67
    • 0027459329 scopus 로고
    • Implications of the systolic hypertension in the elderly program
    • The Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program Cooperative Research Group. Implications of the systolic hypertension in the elderly program. Hypertension. 1993;21:335-343.
    • (1993) Hypertension , vol.21 , pp. 335-343
  • 69
    • 0342818837 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in women
    • Douglas PS, ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis
    • Perloff D. Hypertension in women. In: Douglas PS, ed. Heart Disease in Women. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1989.
    • (1989) Heart Disease in Women
    • Perloff, D.1
  • 70
    • 0030606974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic manifestations of low-dose diuretics
    • Neutel JM. Metabolic manifestations of low-dose diuretics. Am J Med. 1996;101(suppl 3A):71-82.
    • (1996) Am J Med. , vol.101 , Issue.SUPPL. 3A , pp. 71-82
    • Neutel, J.M.1
  • 73
    • 0342383945 scopus 로고
    • Effect of thiazide on rates of bone mineral loss: A longitudinal study
    • Wasnich R, Davis J, Ross P, Vogel J. Effect of thiazide on rates of bone mineral loss: a longitudinal study. Br Med J. 1991;302:18.
    • (1991) Br Med J. , vol.302 , pp. 18
    • Wasnich, R.1    Davis, J.2    Ross, P.3    Vogel, J.4
  • 74
    • 0025886486 scopus 로고
    • Thiazide diuretics and osteoporosis: Time for a clinical trial
    • Ray WA. Thiazide diuretics and osteoporosis: time for a clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:64-65.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med. , vol.115 , pp. 64-65
    • Ray, W.A.1
  • 76
    • 85058206314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diuretic thiazide and prevention of hip fracture in hypertensive postmenopausal women
    • Marchand X, Marchand C, de Pompignan X, et al. Diuretic thiazide and prevention of hip fracture in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Am J Hypertens. 1996;9:7A.
    • (1996) Am J Hypertens. , vol.9
    • Marchand, X.1    Marchand, C.2    De Pompignan, X.3
  • 77
    • 0028522485 scopus 로고
    • Influence of gender on renal thiazide diuretic receptor density and response
    • Chen Z, Vaughn DA, Fanestil DD. Influence of gender on renal thiazide diuretic receptor density and response. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5:1112-1119.
    • (1994) J Am Soc Nephrol. , vol.5 , pp. 1112-1119
    • Chen, Z.1    Vaughn, D.A.2    Fanestil, D.D.3
  • 78
    • 0020078179 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction
    • Beta Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. JAMA. 1982;247:1707-1714.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 1707-1714
  • 79
    • 0020570269 scopus 로고
    • What do subgroup analysis reveal about differential response to beta-blocker therapy? the beta-blocker heart attack trial experience
    • Furberg CD, Byington RP. What do subgroup analysis reveal about differential response to beta-blocker therapy? The beta-blocker heart attack trial experience. Circulation. 1983;67:I98-I101.
    • (1983) Circulation , vol.67
    • Furberg, C.D.1    Byington, R.P.2
  • 80
    • 0020640235 scopus 로고
    • The timolol myocardial infarction study: An evaluation of selected variables
    • Rodda BE. The timolol myocardial infarction study: an evaluation of selected variables. Circulation. 1983;67:I101-I105.
    • (1983) Circulation , vol.67
    • Rodda, B.E.1
  • 81
    • 0025470775 scopus 로고
    • Alpha-1 adrenoreceptor augmentation of beta-stimulated cAMP formation is enhanced by estrogen and reduced by progesterone in rat hypothalamic slices
    • Petitti N, Etgen A. Alpha-1 adrenoreceptor augmentation of beta-stimulated cAMP formation is enhanced by estrogen and reduced by progesterone in rat hypothalamic slices. J Neurosci. 1990;10:2842-2849.
    • (1990) J Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2842-2849
    • Petitti, N.1    Etgen, A.2
  • 82
    • 0022602302 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine excretion and beta-adrenergic responsiveness in estrogen-treated rats
    • Carlberg KA, Fregly MJ. Catecholamine excretion and beta-adrenergic responsiveness in estrogen-treated rats. Pharmacology. 1986;32:147-156.
    • (1986) Pharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 147-156
    • Carlberg, K.A.1    Fregly, M.J.2
  • 83
    • 0029937949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn J, et al. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1349-1355.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med. , vol.334 , pp. 1349-1355
    • Packer, M.1    Bristow, M.R.2    Cohn, J.3
  • 84
    • 0029027577 scopus 로고
    • Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients
    • Weir MR, Gray JM, Paster R, Saunders E. Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 1995;25:124-130.
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.25 , pp. 124-130
    • Weir, M.R.1    Gray, J.M.2    Paster, R.3    Saunders, E.4
  • 85
    • 0023259159 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the distribution of renin and angiotensinogen messenger ribonucleic acids in rat and mouse tissues
    • Dzau VJ, Ellison KE, Brody T. A comparative study of the distribution of renin and angiotensinogen messenger ribonucleic acids in rat and mouse tissues. Endocrinology. 1987;120:2334-2338.
    • (1987) Endocrinology , vol.120 , pp. 2334-2338
    • Dzau, V.J.1    Ellison, K.E.2    Brody, T.3
  • 86
    • 0026506796 scopus 로고
    • Estrogens regulate angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin receptors in female rat anterior pituitary
    • Seltzer A, Pinto JE, Vigione PN, et al. Estrogens regulate angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin receptors in female rat anterior pituitary. Neuroendocrinology. 1992;55:460-467.
    • (1992) Neuroendocrinology , vol.55 , pp. 460-467
    • Seltzer, A.1    Pinto, J.E.2    Vigione, P.N.3
  • 87
    • 84960604684 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen augments the contribution of nitric oxide to blood pressure regulation in transgenic hypertensive rats expressing the mouse Ren-2 gene
    • Brosnihan KB, Moriguchi A, Nakamoto H, Dean RH, Ganten D, Ferrario CM. Estrogen augments the contribution of nitric oxide to blood pressure regulation in transgenic hypertensive rats expressing the mouse Ren-2 gene. Am J Hypertens. 1994;7:576-582.
    • (1994) Am J Hypertens. , vol.7 , pp. 576-582
    • Brosnihan, K.B.1    Moriguchi, A.2    Nakamoto, H.3    Dean, R.H.4    Ganten, D.5    Ferrario, C.M.6
  • 88
    • 0029926375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-(1-7) dilates canine coronary arteries through kinins and nitric oxide
    • Brosnihan KB, Li P, Ferrario CM. Angiotensin-(1-7) dilates canine coronary arteries through kinins and nitric oxide. Hypertension. 1996;27:523-528.
    • (1996) Hypertension , vol.27 , pp. 523-528
    • Brosnihan, K.B.1    Li, P.2    Ferrario, C.M.3
  • 89
    • 0030004863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex- and age-related antihypertensive effects of amlodipine
    • Kloner RA, Sowers JR, DiBona GF, Gaffney M, Wein M, for the Amlodipine Cardiovascular Community Trial Study Group (ACCT Study Group ). Sex- and age-related antihypertensive effects of amlodipine. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77:713-722.
    • (1996) Am J Cardiol. , vol.77 , pp. 713-722
    • Kloner, R.A.1    Sowers, J.R.2    Dibona, G.F.3    Gaffney, M.4    Wein, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.