Chronotropic Response to Exercise; Improved Performance of ST-Segment Depression Criteria after Adjustment for Heart Rate Reserve

Circulation

Volumn 94, Issue 12, 1996, Pages 3226-3231

  Okin, Peter M ^a   Lauer, Michael S ^b   Kligfield, Paul ^a  

^a WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Electrocardiography; Exercise; Heart rate

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

ACCURACY; ADULT; AGED; ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ST SEGMENT DEPRESSION;

CORONARY DISEASE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; EXERCISE TEST; EXERTION; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFERENCE VALUES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0030465192     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.94.12.3226     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Sheffield LT. The exercise test in perspective. Circulation. 1977;55:681-685.
2. Goldschlager N, Selzer A, Cohn K. Treadmill stress tests as indicators of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:277-286.
3. Chaitman BR. The changing role of the exercise electrocardiogram as a diagnostic and prognostic test for chronic ischemic heart disease. J Am Coll Cordial. 1986;8:1195-1210.
4. Hollenberg M, Budge WR, Wisneski JA, Gertz WE. Treadmill score quantifies electrocardiographic response to exercise and improves test accuracy and reproducibility. Circulation. 1980;61:276-285.
5. Detrano R, Salcedo E, Passalaqua M, Friis R. Exercise electrocardiographic variables: a critical appraisal. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;8:836-847.
6. Okin PM, Kligfield P. Heart rate adjustment of ST-segment depression and performance of the exercise electrocardiogram: a critical evaluation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25:1726-1735.
7. Chin C-F, Messenger JC, Greenberg PS, Ellestad MH. Chronotropic incompetence in exercise testing. Clin Cardiol. 1979;2:12-18.
8. Kansal S, Roitman D, Bradley EL, Sheffield LT. Enhanced evaluation of treadmill tests by means of scoring based on multivariate analysis and its clinical application: a study of 608 patients. Am J Cardiol. 1983;52:1155-1160.
9. Wiens RD, Lafia P, Marder CM, Evans RG, Kennedy HL. Chronotropic incompetence in clinical exercise testing. Am J Cardiol. 1984;54:74-78.
10. Brenner SJ, Pashkow FJ, Harvey SA, Marwick TH, Thomas JD, Lauer MS. Chronotropic response to exercise predicts angiographic severity in patients with suspected or stable coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76:1228-1232.
11. Ellestad MH, Wan MKC. Predictive implications of stress testing: follow-up of 2700 subjects after maximal treadmill stress testing. Circulation. 1975;51:363-369.
12. McNeer JF, Margolis JR, Lee KL, Kisslo JA, Peter RH, Kong Y, Behar VS, Wallace AG, McCants CB, Rosati RA. The role of the exercise test in the evaluation of patients for ischemic heart disease. Circulation. 1978;57:64-70.
13. Lauer MS, Okin PM, Larson MG, Evans JC, Levy D. Impaired heart rate response to graded exercise: prognostic implications of chronotropic incompetence in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1996;93:1520-1526.
14. Detry JMR, Piette F, Brasseur LA. Hemodynamic determinants of exercise ST-segment depression in coronary patients. Circulation. 1970;42:593-599.
15. Holland RP, Brooks H. Precordial and epicardial surface potentials during myocardial ischemia in the pig: a theoretical and experimental analysis. Circ Res. 1975;37:471-480.
16. Okin PM, Kligfield P. Solid angle theory and heart rate adjustment of ST-segment depression for the identification and quantification of coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 1994;127:658-667.
17. Elamin MS, Mary DASG, Smith DR, Linden RJ. Prediction of severity of coronary artery disease using slope of submaximal ST-segment/heart rate relationship. Cardiovasc Res. 1980;14:681-691.
18. Berenyi I, Hajduczki S, Baszormenyi E. Quantitative evaluation of exercise-induced ST-segment depression for estimation of degree of coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 1984;5:289-294.
19. Sato I, Keta K, Aihara N, Ohe T, Shimomura K, Hasegawa Y. Improved accuracy of the exercise electrocardiogram in detection of coronary disease and three-vessel coronary disease. Chest. 1988;94:737-744.
20. Deckers JW, Rensing BJ, Tijssen JG, Vinke RVH, Azar AJ, Simoons ML. A comparison of methods of analysing exercise tests for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Br Heart J. 1989;62:434-444.
21. Kligfield P, Ameisen O, Okin PM. Heart rate adjustment of ST-segment depression for improved detection of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1989;79:245-255.
22. Okin PM, Kligfield P, Ameisen O, Goldberg H, Borer JS. Identification of anatomically extensive coronary artery disease by the exercise electrocardiographic ST segment/heart rate slope. Am Heart J. 1988;115:1002-1013.
23. Okin PM, Kligfield P. Gender-specific criteria and performance of the exercise electrocardiogram. Circulation. 1995;92:1209-1216.
24. Okin PM, Anderson KM, Levy D, Kligfield P. Heart rate adjustment of ST-segment depression: improved risk stratification in the Framingham Offspring Study. Circulation. 1991;83:866-874.
25. Okin PM, Grandits G, Ramaharju PM, Prineas RJ, Cohen J, Crow R, Kligfield P. Prognostic value of heart rate adjustment of exercise ST-segment depression in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:1437-1443.
26. Okin PM, Ameisen O, Kligfield P. A modified treadmill protocol for computer-assisted analysis of the ST segment/heart rat slope: methods and reproducibility. J Electrocardiol. 1986;19:311-318.
27. American College of Sports Medicine. Guidelines for Graded Exercise Testing and Exercise Prescription. Philadelphia, Pa: Lea & Febiger; 1988:138-140.
28. Wilkoff BL, Corey J, Blackburn G. A mathematical model of the cardiac chronotropic response to exercise. J Electrophysiol. 1989;3:176-180.
29. Wilkoff BL, Miller RE. Exercise testing for chronotropic assessment Cardiol Clin. 1992;10:705-717.
30. Vecchio TJ. Predictive value of a single diagnostic test in unselected populations. N Engl J Med. 1966;274:1171-1173.
31. Metz CE, Wang P, Kronman HB. A new approach for testing the significance of differences between ROC curves measured from correlated data. In: Deconick F, ed. Information Processing in Medical Imaging. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishing; 1984:432-445.