Mucolytic and mucokinetic therapy

Pulmonary Pharmacology

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 197-204

  Wills, P J ^a   Cole, P J ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; AMBROXOL; AMILORIDE; AMINOPHYLLINE; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BAMIFYLLINE; BRADYKININ; BRONCHODILATING AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; DORNASE ALFA; EMETIC AGENT; EXPECTORANT AGENT; GUAIFENESIN; HISTAMINE; IODIDE; LUNG SURFACTANT; MUCOLYTIC AGENT; PREDNISOLONE; THEOPHYLLINE; THIOL DERIVATIVE; URIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE;

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; BRONCHOSPASM; COUGHING; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; INHALATIONAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MUCOLYSIS; MUCUS; MUCUS SECRETION; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; REVIEW; SPIROMETRY; SPUTUM; WELLBEING;

EID: 0030207033     PISSN: 09520600     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/pulp.1996.0024     Document Type: Review

References (93)

1. 1. Cohen A B, Gold W M. Defense mechanisms of the lungs. Annu Rev Physiol 1975; 37: 325-349.
2. 2. Zuelzer W W, Newton Jr W A. The pathogenesis of fibrocystic disease of the pancreas. A study of 36 cases with special reference to the pulmonary lesions. Pediatrics 1949; 4: 53-69.
3. 3. Cole P, Wilson R. Host-microbial interrelationships in respiratory infection. Chest 1989; 95: 217S-221S.
4. 4. Lamb D, Corrin B. Asthma pathology. In: Brewis R A L, Corrin B, Geddes D M, Gibson G J, eds. Respiratory Medicine. London: WB Saunders, 1995: 1154-1160.
5. 5. Kobayashi K, Wanner A. Mucociliary clearance and ciliary activity. In: Chung K F, Barnes P J, eds. Pharmacology of the Respiratory Tract: Experimental and Clinical Research. New York: Dekker, 1995: 621-653.
6. 6. Lundgren J D, Shelhamer J H. Pathogenesis of airway mucus hypersecretion. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 85: 399-417.
7. 7. Rogers D F. Airway goblet cells: responsive and adaptable front-line defenders. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 1690-1706.
8. 8. Pedersen M, Sakakura Y, Winther B, Brofeldt S, Mygind N. Nasal mucociliary transport, number of ciliated cells, and beating pattern in naturally acquired common colds. Eur J Respir Dis 1983; 64 (Suppl. 128): 355-364.
9. 9. Wilson R, Alton E, Rutman A, Higgins P, Al Nakib W, Geddes D M, Tyrrell D A J, Cole P J. Upper respiratory tract viral infection and mucociliary clearance. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 70: 272-279.
10. 10. Wilson R, Cole P J. The effect of bacterial products on ciliary function. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138: S49-S53.
11. 11. Wills P J, Garcia Suarez M J, Rutman A, Wilson R, Cole P J. The ciliary transportability of sputum is slow on the mucus-depleted bovine trachea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 1255-1258.
12. 12. Clarke S W. The role of two-phase flow in bronchial clearance. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1973; 9: 359-372.
13. 13. Quinton P M. Viscosity versus composition in airway pathology. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 6-7.
14. 14. Puchelle E, de Bentzmann S, Zahm J M. Physical and functional properties of airway secretions in cystic fibrosis - therapeutic approaches. Respiration 1995; 62: 2-12.
15. 15. Anon. Recommendations for guidelines on clinical trials of mucoactive drugs in chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest 1994; 106: 1532-1537.
16. 16. Pavia D, Sutton P P, Lopez-Vidriero M T, Agnew J E, Clarke S W. Drug effects on mucociliary function. Eur J Respir Dis 1983; 64 (Suppl. 128): 304-317.
17. 17. Santa Cruz R, Landa J, Hirsch J, Sackner M A. Tracheal mucous velocity in normal man and patients with obstructive lung disease; effects of terbutaline. Am Rev Respir Dis 1974; 109: 458-463.
18. 18. Yeates D B, Aspin N, Levison H, Jones M T, Bryan A C. Mucociliary tracheal transport rates in man. J Appl Physiol 1995; 39: 487-495.
19. 19. Clarke S W, Jones J G, Oliver D R. Resistance to two-phase gas-liquid flow in airways. J Appl Physiol 1970; 29: 464-471.
20. 20. Curtis J R, Deyo R A, Hudson L D. Health-related quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 1994; 49: 162-170.
21. 21. Hansen N C G, Skriver A, Brorsen-Riis L, Balslov S, Evald T, Maltbaek N, Gunnersen G, Garsdal P, Sander P, Pedersen J Z, Ibsen T B, Rasmussen F V. Orally administered N-acetylcysteine may improve general well-being in patients with mild chronic bronchitis. Respir Med 1994; 88: 531-535.
22. 22. Anon. Pulmozyme disappoints in COPD. Scrip 1995; 2043: 16.
23. 23. Perry W F, Boyd E M. Method for studying expectorant action in animals by direct measurement of respiratory tract fluids. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1941; 73: 65-77.
24. 24. Anon. Guaiphenesin and iodide. Drug Ther Bull 1985; 23: 62-64.
25. 25. Ericsson C H, Juhasz J, Mossberg B, Philipson K, Svartengren M, Camner P. Influence of ambroxol on tracheobronchial clearance in simple chronic bronchitis. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 70: 163-170.
26. 26. Thompson M L, Pavia D, Gregg I, Stark J E. Bromhexine and mucociliary clearance in chronic bronchitis. Br J Dis Chest 1974; 68: 21-27.
27. 27. Anon. A controlled trial of the effects of bromhexine on the symptoms of out-patients with chronic bronchitis. Br J Dis Chest 1973; 67: 49-60.
28. 28. Guyatt G H, Townsend M, Kazim F, Newhouse M T. A controlled trial of ambroxol in chronic bronchitis. Chest 1987; 92: 618-620.
29. 29. Morgan E J, Petty T L. Summary of the National Mucolytic Study. Chest 1990; 97 (Suppl.): 24S-27S.
30. 30. Becker C B, Gordon J M. Iodinated glycerol and thyroid dysfunction. Chest 1993; 103: 188-192.
31. 31. Scheffner A L, Medier E M, Jacobs L W, Sarett H P. The in vitro reduction in viscosity of human tracheobronchial secretions by acetylcysteine. Am Rev Respir Dis 1964; 90: 721-729.
32. 32. Grassi C. Long-term oral acetylcysteine in chronic bronchitis. A double-blind controlled study. Eur J Respir Dis 1980; 61 (Suppl. 111): 93-108.
33. 33. Boman G, Bäcker U, Larsson S, Melander B, Wåhlander L. Oral acetylcysteine reduces exacerbation rate in chronic bronchitis: report of a trial organised by the Swedish Society for Pulmonary Diseases. Eur J Respir Dis 1983; 64: 405-415.
34. 34. Rasmussen J B, Glennow C. Reduction in days of illness after long-term treatment with N-acetylcysteine controlled-release tablets in patients with chronic bronchitis. Eur Respir J 1988; 1: 351-355.
35. 35. Riise G C, Larsson S, Larsson P, Jeansson S, Andersson B A. The intrabronchial microbial flora in chronic bronchitis patients: a target for N-acetylcysteine therapy? Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 94-101.
36. 36. Bridgeman M M E, Marsden M, MacNee W, Flenley D C, Ryle A P. Cysteine and glutathione concentrations in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after treatment with N-acetylcysteine. Thorax 1991; 46: 39-42.
37. 37. Todisco T, Polidori R, Rossi F, Iannacci L, Bruni B, Fedeli L, Palumbo R. Effect of N-acetylcysteine in subjects with slow pulmonary mucociliary clearance. Eur J Respir Dis 1985; 66 (Suppl. 139): 136-141.
38. 38. Millar A B, Pavia D, Agnew J E, Lopez-Vidriero M T, Lauque D, Clarke S W. Oral N-acetylcysteine has no demonstrable effect on mucus clearances in chronic bronchitis. Thorax 1984; 39: 238.
39. 39. Thomson M L, Pavia D, Jones C J, McQuiston T A C. No demonstrable effect of S-carboxymethylcysteine on clearance of secretions from the human lung. Thorax 1975; 30: 669-673.
40. 40. Shak S, Capon D J, Hellmiss R, Marsters S A, Baker C L. Recombinant human DNase I reduces the viscosity of cystic fibrosis sputum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 9188-9192.
41. 41. Shah P L, Scott S F, Knight R A, Marriott C, Ranasinha C, Hodson M E. In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I on sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 1996; 51: 119-125.
42. 42. Picot R, Das I, Reid L. Pus, deoxyribonucleic acid, and sputum viscosity. Thorax 1978; 33: 235-242.
43. 43. Zahm J-M, Girod de Bentzmann S, Deneuville E, Perrot-Minnot C, Dabadie A, Pennaforte F, Roussey M, Shak S, Puchelle E. Dose-dependent in vitro effect of recombinant human DNase on rheological and transport properties of cystic fibrosis respiratory mucus. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 381-386.
44. 44. Rubin B K, Ramirez O, Shak S, Toy K J, Sinicropi D. DNA concentration of CF sputum correlates with hydration and spinnability but not with viscoelasticity. Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl 1994; 10: 241.
45. 45. Lieberman J, Kurnick N B. Influence of deoxyribonucleic acid content on the proteolysis of sputum and pus. Nature 1962; 196: 988-990.
46. 46. Lieberman J, Kurnick N B. Proteolytic enzyme activity and the role of desoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) in cystic fibrosis sputum. Pediatrics 1963; 31: 1028-1032.
47. 47. Lieberman J. Inhibition of protease activity in purulent sputum by DNA. J Lab Clin Med 1967; 70: 595-605.
48. 48. Wills P J, Wodehouse T, Corkery K, Mallon K, Wilson R, Cole P J. Short-term recombinant human DNase in bronchiectasis. Effect on clinical state and in vitro sputum transportability. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154: 413-417.
49. 49. Laube B L, Auci R M, Shields D E, Christiansen D H, Lucas M K, Fuchs H J, Rosenstein B J. Effect of rh DNase on airflow obstruction and mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 752-760.
50. 50. Fuchs H J, Borowitz D S, Christiansen D H, Morris E M, Nash M L, Ramsey B W, Rosenstein B J, Smith A L, Wohl M E. Effect of aerosolised recombinant human DNase on exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 637-642.
51. 51. Shah P I, Bush A, Canny G J, Colin A A, Fuchs H J, Geddes D M, Johnson C A C, Light M C, Scott S F, Tullis D E, De Vault A, Wohl M E, Hodson M E. Recombinant human DNase I in cystic fibrosis patients with severe pulmonary disease: a short term, double blind study followed by six months open-label treatment. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 954-958.
52. 52. Wilmott R W, Amin R S, Colin A A, DeVault A, Dozor A J, Eigen H, Johnson C, Lwster L A, McCoy K, McKean L P, Moss R, Nash M L, Pagel Jue C, Regelmann W, Stokes D C, Fuchs H J. Aerosolized recombinant human DNase in hospitalised cystic fibrosis patients with acute pulmonary exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1914-1917.
53. 53. Barker A, O'Donnell A, Mallon K, Fox N L, Fick R. Phase II trial of recombinant human DNase I in non-CF bronchiectasis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: A463 (Abstract).
54. 54. Pavia D, Thomson M L, Clarke S W. Enhanced clearance of secretions from the human lung after the administration of hypertonic saline aerosol. Am Rev Respir Dis 1978; 117: 199-203.
55. 55. Robinson M, Regnis J A, Bailey D L, King M, Bautovich G J, Bye P T P. Effect of hypertonic saline, amiloride and cough on mucociliary clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1503-1509.
56. 56. Leigh T R, Jones B E, Ryan P, Collins J V. The use of radioisotopes for measuring the effect of sputum induction on tracheobronchial clearance. Nucl Med Commun 1994; 15: 156-160.
57. 57. Daviskas E, Anderson S D, Gonds I, Eberl S, Meikle S, Scale J P, Bautovich G. Inhalation of hypertonic saline aerosol enhances mucociliary clearance in asthmatic and healthy subjects. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 725-732.
58. 58. Eng P A, Morton J, Douglass J A, Riedler J, Wilson J, Robertson C F. Short-term efficacy of ultrasonically nebulised hypertonic saline in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 1996; 21: 77-83.
59. 59. Wills P J, Hall R L, Chan W-M, Cole P J. Sodium chloride increases the ciliary transportability of cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis sputum on the mucus-depleted bovine trachea. J Clin Invest (in press).
60. 60. App E M, King M, Helfesrieder R, Köhler D, Matthys H. Acute and long-term amiloride inhalation in cystic fibrosis lung disease. A rational approach to cystic fibrosis therapy. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 605-612.
61. 61. Parks C R, Woodrum D E, Graham C B, Cheney F W, Hodson W A. Effect of water nebulisation on normal canine pulmonary mucociliary clearance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1971; 104: 99-106.
62. 62. Conway J H, Fleming J S, Perring S, Holgate S T. Humidification as an adjunct to chest physiotherapy in aiding tracheo-bronchial clearance in patients with bronchiectasis. Respir Med 1992; 86: 109-114.
63. 63. Taussig L M. Mists and aerosols: new studies, new thoughts. J Pediatr 1974; 84: 619-622.
64. 64. Parks C R, Alden E R, Standaert T A, Woodrum D E, Graham C B, Hodson W A. The effect of water nebulisation on cough transport of pulmonary mucus in the mouth-breathing dog. Am Rev Respir Dis 1973; 108: 513-519.
65. 65. Girod de Bentzmann S, Pierrot D, Fuchey C, Zahm J-M, Morancais J-L, Puchelle E. Distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol liposomes improve surface and transport properties of CF mucus. Eur Respir J 1993; 6: 1156-1161.
66. 66. Wood R E, Wanner A, Hirsch J, Farrell P M. Tracheal mucociliary transport in patients with cystic fibrosis and its stimulation by terbutaline. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975; 111: 733-738.
67. 67. Foster W M, Bergofsky E H, Bohning D E, Lippman M, Albert R E. Effect of adrenergic agents and their mode of action on mucociliary clearance in man. J Appl Physiol 1976; 41: 146-152.
68. 68. Lafortuna C L, Fazio F. Acute effect of inhaled salbutamol on mucociliary clearance in health and chronic bronchitis. Respiration 1984; 45: 111-123.
69. 69. Isawa T, Teshima T, Hirano T, Yoshiki A, Miki M, Konno K, Motomiya M. Does a β2-stimulator really facilitate mucociliary transport in the human lungs in vivo? A study with procaterol. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 715-720.
70. 70. Mortensen J, Hansen A, Falk M, Nielsen I K, Groth S. Reduced effect of inhaled beta 2-adrenergic agonists on lung mucociliary clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis. Chest 1993; 103: 805-811.
71. 71. Hasani A, Agnew J E, Pavia D, Vora H, Clarke S W. Effect of oral bronchodilators on lung mucociliary clearance during sleep in patients with asthma. Thorax 1993; 48: 287-289.
72. 72. Taylor R G, Pavia D, Agnew J E, Lopez-Vidriero M T, Newman S P, Lennard-Jones T, Clarke S W. Effect of four weeks' high dose ipratropium bromide treatment on lung mucociliary clearance. Thorax 1986; 41: 295-300.
73. 73. Sutton P P, Pavia D, Bateman J R M, Clarke S W. The effect of oral aminophylline on lung mucociliary clearance in man. Chest 1981; 80: 889-891.
74. 74. Todisco T, Baglioni S, Amir E, Palumbo R. Effect of bamiphylline on tracheobronchial mucus clearance in subjects with smokers' simple chronic bronchitis. Respiration 1995; 62: 16-20.
75. 75. Konrad F, Schreiber T, Hahnel J, Kilian J, Georgieff M. The effect of theophylline on the mucociliary clearance function in ventilated intensive care patients [German]. Anaesthesist 1994; 43: 101-106.
76. 76. Serafini S M, Wanner A, Michaelson E D. Mucociliary transport in central and intermediate size airways: effect of aminophyllin. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1976; 12: 415-422.
77. 77. Agnew J E, Bateman J R M, Pavia D, Clarke S W. Peripheral airways mucus clearance in stable asthma is improved by oral corticosteroid therapy. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1984; 20: 295-301.
78. 78. Graham A, Hasani A, Alton E W F W, Martin G P, Marriott C, Hodson M E, Clarke S W, Geddes D M. No added benefit from nebulised amiloride in patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 1993; 6: 1243-1248.
79. 79. Tomkiewicz R P, App E M, Zayas J G, Ramirez O, Church N, Boucher R C, Knowles M R, King M. Amiloride inhalation therapy in cystic fibrosis. Influence on ion content, hydration, and rheology of sputum. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 1002-1007.
80. 80. Knowles M R, Church N L, Waltner W E, Yankaskas J R, Gilligan P, King M, Edwards L J, Helms R W, Boucher R C. A pilot study of aerosolized amiloride for the treatment of lung disease in cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1189-1194.
81. 81. Robinson M, Donnelly P M, Donnelly J, Torzillo P, Bye P T P. Effect of long-term inhalation of amiloride on lung function & exercise capacity in adults with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: A20.
82. 82. Pons G, Marchand M C, Foucard C, Chaumet-Riffaud P, d'Athis Ph, Lenoir G, Navarro J, Sautejeau A. French multicente randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial on nebulised amiloride in cystic fibrosis patients. Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl 1995; 12: 233-234.
83. 83. Boucher R C. Human airway ion transport. Part two. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 581-593.
84. 84. Knowles M R, Clarke L L, Boucher R C. Activation by extracellular nucleotides of chloride secretion in the airway epithelia of patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 533-538.
85. 85. Bennett W D, Olivier K N, Zeman K L, Hohneker K W, Boucher R C, Knowles M R. Effect of uridine 5′-triphosphate plus amiloride on mucociliary clearance in adult cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1796-1801.
86. 86. Saano V, Virta P, Joki S, Nuutinen J, Karttunen P, Silvasti M. ATP induces respiratory ciliostimulation in rat and guinea pig in vitro and in vivo. Rhinology 1992; 30: 33-40.
87. 87. De Sanctis G T, Tomkiewicz R P, Rubin B K, Schüren S, King M. Exogenous surfactant enhances mucociliary clearance in the anaesthetized dog. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 1616-1621.
88. 88. Anzueto A, Jubran A, Ohar J, Piquette C, Colice G, Pattishall E, Barrett J, Engle M, Dettenmeier P, Epperson K, Mazur M, Rubin B. Effects of aerosolised Exosurf® in stable chronic bronchitis. Chest 1995; 108 (Suppl.): R.
89. 89. Rubin B K, Albers G, Smith E, Browning III I, Colombo J, Kanga J, Eid N, Regelmann W, Anzueto A, Barrett J, Pattishall E. Results of a phase II trial of aerosolised Exosurf® for the therapy of cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 1995; 20: 426.
90. 90. Messina M S, O'Riordan T G, Smaldone G C. Changes in mucociliary clearance during acute exacerbations of asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143: 993-997.
91. 91. Mussatto D J, Garrard C S, Lourenco R V. The effect of inhaled histamine on human tracheal mucus velocity and bronchial mucociliary clearance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138: 775-779.
92. 92. Polosa R, Hasani A, Pavia D, Agnew J E, Lai C K, Clarke S W, Holgate S T. Acute effect of inhaled bradykinin on tracheobronchial clearance in normal humans. Thorax 1992; 47: 952-956.
93. 93. Marin M G, Davis B, Nadel J A. Effect of histamine on electrical and ion transport properties of tracheal epithelium. J Appl Physiol 1977; 42: 735-738.