Cathepsin B: Multiple enzyme forms from a single gene and their relation to cancer

Enzyme and Protein

Volumn 49, Issue 1-3, 1996, Pages 94-105

  Keppler, Daniel ^a   Sloane, Bonnie F ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Alternative splicing tumor invasion; Cathepsins; Chromosome 8; Lysosomes

Indexed keywords

CATHEPSIN B; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE; MESSENGER RNA;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; CANCER GROWTH; CHROMOSOME 8P; COLON CARCINOMA; EXON; HUMAN; LYSOSOME; PHENOTYPE; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

EID: 0029953670     PISSN: 10196773     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000468619     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Berquin IM, Sloane BF: Cysteine proteases and tumor progression. Perspect Drug Discov Design 1994;2: 371-388.
2. Berquin IM, Sloane BF: Cathepsin B expression in human tumors: in Suzuki K. Bond JS (eds): Intracellular Protein Catabolism. New York, Plenum Press, 1995, pp 281-294.
3. Barrett AJ: Lysosomal enzymes: in Dingle JT (ed): Lysosomes. a Laboratory Handbook. Amsterdam, NorthHolland Publishing, 1972. pp 46-135.
4. Otto K: Cathepsins Bl and B2: in Barrett AJ, Dingle JT (eds): Tissue Proteinases. Amsterdam, North-Hol land Publishing, 1971, pp 1-28.
5. Kirschke H, Langner J, Wiederanders B. Ansorge S, Bohley P, Broghammer U: Intrazellulärer Proteinabbau. VII. Kathepsin L und H: zwei neue Proteinasen aus Rattenleberlysosomen. Acta Biol Med Ger 1976:35: 285-299.
6. Turk V. Kregar I, Gubensek F, Locnikar P: Bovine spleen cathepsins D and S: Purification, characterization and structural studies; in Segal HL, Doyle DJ (eds): Protein Turnover and Lysosome Function. New York. Academic Press, 1978, pp 353-361.
7. Velasco G, Ferrando A A. Puente XS. Sanchez LM. Lopez-Otfn C: Human cathepsin O. J Biol Chem 1994: 269:27136-27142.
8. Brömme D, Okamoto K: Human cathepsin O2. a novel cysteine protease highly expressed in osteoclastomas and ovary. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 1995:376:379-384.
9. Berti PJ. Storer AC: Alignement/phylogeny of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases. J Mol Biol 1995: 246:273-283.
10. Takio K. Towatari T, Katunuma N, Teller DC, Titani K: Homology of amino acid sequences of rat liver cathepsins B and H with that of papain. Proc Nat] Acad Sei USA 1983:80:3666-3670.
11. Fong D. Calhoun DH. Hsieh W-T. Lee B, Wells RD: Isolation of a cDNA clone for the lysosomal proteinase cathepsin B. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1986:83:2909-2913.
12. Chan SJ. San Segundo B, McCormick MB, Steiner DF: Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of cloned human and mouse preprocathepsin B cDNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1986:83:7721-7725.
13. Wang X. Chan SJ, Eddy RL. Byers MG, Fukushima Y, Henry WM. Haley LL. Steiner DF, Shows TB: Chromosome assignment of cathepsin B (CTSB) to 8p22 and cathepsin H (CTSH) to 15q24-q25. Cytogenet Cell Gene 1988:59:710-711.
14. Hsieh W-T. Barker PE. Smith M. Fong D: A TaqI DNA polymorphism in the human cathepsin B gene (CTSB). Nucl Acids Res 1990:18:3430.
15. Cao L, Taggart RT, Berquin IM. Moin K. Fong D, Sloane BF: Human gastric adenocarcinoma cathepsin B: Isolation and sequencing of full-length cDNAs and polymorphisms of the gene. Gene 1994:139:163-169.
16. Koyama K. Sudo K. Nakamura Y: Isolation of 115 human chromosome 8-specific expressed sequence tags by exon amplification. Genomics 1995:26:245-253.
17. Sandberg AA: Chromosomal abnormalities and related events in prostate cancer. Hum Pathol 1992:23:368-380.
18. Fujiwara Y. Emi M, Ohata H, Kato Y. Nakajima T. Mori T, Nakamura Y: Evidence for the presence of two tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 8p for colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res 1993:53:1172-1174.
19. Fujiwara Y, Ohata H, Emi M, Okui K, Koyama K. Tshuchiya E, Nakajima T, Monden M. Mori T, Kuri masa A. Oshimura M, Nakamura Y: A 3-Mb physical map of the chromosome region 8p21.3-p22, including a 600-kb region commonly deleted in human hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and non-small-cell lung cancer. Genes Chrom Cancer 1994:10:7-14.
20. Bova GS, Carter BS, Bussemakers MJG, Emi M. Fujiwara Y, Kyprianou N, Jacobs SC. Robinson JC. Epstein JI. Walsh PC, Isaacs WB: Homozygous deletion and frequent allelic loss of chromosome 8p22 loci in human prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1993:53:3869-3873.
21. SakrWA, MacoskaJA, Benson P, Grignon DJ, Wolman SR, Pontes JE. Crissman JD: Allelic loss in locally metastatic, multisampled prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1994:54:3273-3277.
22. Emmert-Buck MR, Vocke CD, Pozzatti RO. Duray PH. Jennings SB, Florence CD, Zhuang Z. Bostwick DC. Liotta LA. Linehan WM: Allelic loss on chromosome 8pl2-21 in microdissected prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer Res 1995:55:2959-2962.
23. Fink TM, Zimmer M, TschoppJ. Etienne J. Jenne DE. Lichter P: Human clusterin (CLI) maps to 8p21 in proximity to the lopoprotein lipase (LPL) gene. Genomics 1993:16:526-528.
24. Guenette RS, Mooibroek M. Wong K, Wong P, Tenniswood M: Cathepsin B. a cysteine protease implicated in metastatic progression, is also expressed during regression of the rat prostate and mammary glands. Eur J Biochem 1994:226:311-321.
25. Rennie PS, Bruchovsky N, Coldman AJ: Loss of androgen dependence is associated with an increase in tumorigenic stem cells and resistance to cell-death genes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1990:37:843-847.
26. Sinha AA, Gleason DF, DeLeon OF, Wilson MJ, Sloane BF: Localization of a biotinylated cathepsin B oligonucleotide probe in human prostate including invasive cells and invasive edges by in situ hybridization. Anat Rec 1993:235:233-240.
27. Emmert-Buck MR, Roth MJ, Zhuang Z, Campo E, Rozhin J, Sloane BF, Liotta LA, Stetler-Stevenson WG: Increased gelatinase A (MMP-2) and cathepsin B activity in microdissected human colon cancer. Am J Pathol 1994:145:1285-1290.
28. Berquin IM, Cao L, Fong D, Sloane BF: Identification of two new exons and multiple transcription start points in the 5"-untranslated region of the human cathepsin B-encoding gene. Gene 1995;159:143-149.
29. Chauhan SS, Popescu NC, Ray D, Fleischmann R, Gottesman MM, Troen BR: Cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of human cathepsin L. J Biol Chem 1993:268:1039-1045.
30. Qian F, Frankfater A, Chan SJ, Steiner DF: The structure of the mouse cathepsin B gene and its putative promoter. DNA Cell Biol 1991:10:159-168.
31. Gong Q, Chan SJ, Bajkowski AS, Steiner DF, Frankfater A: Characterization of the cathepsin B gene and multiple mRNAs in human tissues: Evidence for alternative splicing of cathepsin B pre-mRNA. DNA Cell Biol 1993:12:299-309.
32. Rhaissi H, Béchet D. Ferrara M: Multiple leader sequences for mouse cathepsin B mRNA? Biochimie 1993; 75:899-904.
33. Sloane BF, Dunn JR, Honn KV: Lysosomal cathepsin B: Correlation with metastatic potential. Science 1981; 212:1151-1153.
34. Qian F, Bajkowski AS, Steiner DF, Chan SJ, Frankfater A: Expression of five cathepsins in murine melanomas of varying metastatic potential and normal tissues. Cancer Res 1989:49:4870-4875.
35. Moin K, Rozhin J, McKernan TB, Sanders VJ, Fong D, Honn KV, Sloane BF: Enhanced levels of cathepsin B mRNA in murine tumors. FEBS Lett 1989;244:61-64.
36. Qian F, Chan SJ, Achkar C, Steiner DF, Frankfater A: Transcriptional regulation of cathepsin B expression in B16melanomas of varying metastatic potential. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994:202:429136.
37. Makalowski W, Mitchell GA, Labuda D: Ahi sequences in the coding regions of mRNA: A source of protein variability. Trends Genet 1994;10:188-193.
38. Tarn SW, Cote-Paulino LR, Peak DA, Sheahan K, Murnane MJ: Humane cathepsin B-encoding cDNAs: Sequence variations in the 3'-untranslated region. Gene 1994:139:171-176.
39. Jones TR, Cole MD: Rapid cytoplasmic turnover of c-myc mRNA: Requirement of the 3'-untranslated sequences. Mol Cell Biol 1987:7:45131521.
40. Ritonja A, Popovic T, Turk V. Wiedenmann K, Machleidt W: Amino acid sequence of human liver cathepsin B. FEBS Lett 1985:181:169-172.
41. Nishimura Y, Kawabata T, Kato K: Identification of latent procathepsins B and L in microsomal lumen: Characterization of enzymatic activation and proteolytic processing in vitro. Arch Biochem Biophys 1988;261: 64-71.
42. Rowan AD, Mason P, Mach L, Mort JS: Rat procathepsin B, proteolytic processing to the mature form in vitro. J Biol Chem 1992;267:15993-15999.
43. Musil D, Zucic D. Turk D. Engh RA, Mayr I. Huber R, Popovic T, Turk V, Towatari T, Katunuma N, Bode W: The refined 2.15 AX-ray crystal structure of human liver cathepsin B: The structural basis for its specificity. EMBOJ 1991:10:2321-2330.
44. Hanewinkel H, Gloss! J, Kresse H: Biosynthesis of cathepsin B in cultured normal and I-cell fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 1987:262:12351-12355.
45. Keppler D, Pagano M, Dalet-Fumeron V, Engler R: Purification and characterization of two different precursor forms of the cathepsin B-like proteinase from human malignant ascitic fluid. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 1988;369(supp):185-190.
46. Pagano M, Dalet-Fumeron V, Engler R: The glycosylation state of the precursors of the cathepsin B-like proteinase from human malignant ascitic fluid: Possible implications in the secretory pathway of these proenzymes. Cancer Lett 1989:45:13-19.
47. Mach L, Stüwe K, Hagen A, Ballaun C, Glössl J: Proteolytic processing and glycosylation of cathepsin B. Biochem J 1992:282:577-582.
48. Moin K, Day NA, Sameni M, Hasnain S, Hirama T, Sloane BF: Human tumour cathepsin B: Comparison with normal human liver cathepsin B. Biochem J 1992:285:427-434.
49. Keppler D, Waridel P, Abrahamson M, Bachmann D, Berdoz J, Sordat B: Latency of cathepsin B secreted by human colon carcinoma cells is not linked to secretion of cystatin C and is relieved by neutrophil elastase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994;1226:117-125.
50. Braulke T, Mach L, Hoflack B, Glössl J: Biosynthesis and endocytosis of lysosomal enzymes in human colon carcinoma SW1116 cells: Impaired internalization of plasma membrane-associated cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor. Arch Biochem Biophys 1992:298:176-181.
51. Mclntyre GF, GodboldGD, Erickson AH: The pH-dependent membrane association of procathepsin L is mediated by a 9-residue sequence within the propeptide. J Biol Chem 1994:269:567-572.
52. Barrett AJ, Kirschke H: Cathepsin B, cathepsin H, and cathepsin L. Methods Enzymol 1981:80:535-561.
53. Takahashi T, Dehdarani AH, Yonezawa S. Tang J: Porcine spleen cathepsin B is an exopeptidase. J Biol Chem 1986:261:9375-9381.
54. Buck MR. Karustis DG, Day NA, Honn KV. Sloane BF: Degradation of extracellular-matrix proteins by human cathepsin B from normal and tumor tissues. Biochem J 1992:282:273-278.
55. Willenbrock F. Brocklehurst K: A general framework of cysteine-proteinase mechanism deduced from studies on enzymes with structurally different analogous catalytic-site residues. Asp-158 and -161 (papain and actinidin). Gly-196 (cathepsin B) and Asn-165 (cathepsin H). Biochem J 1985:227:521-528.
56. Hasnain S. Hirama T. Tam A, Mort JS: Characterization of recombinant rat cathepsin B and nonglycosylated mutants expressed in yeast. J Biol Chem 1992:267:47134721.
57. Liotta LA. Rao CN, Barsky SH: Tumor invasion and the extracellular matrix. Lab Invest 1983:49:636-649.
58. Poole AR, Tiltman KJ, Recklies AD, Stoker TAM: Differences in secretion of the proteinase cathepsin B at the edges of human breast carcinomas and fibroadenomas. Nature 1978:273:545-547.
59. Sylvén B: Cellular detachment by purified lysosomal cathepsin B. Eur J Cancer 1968:4:559-562.
60. Sylvén B. Snellman O, Sträuli P: Immunofluorescent studies on the occurrence of cathepsin Bl at tumor cell surfaces. Virchows Arch [B] 1974:17:97-112.
61. Sloane BF. Honn KV. Sadler JG. Turner WA. Kimpson JJ. Taylor JD: Cathepsin B activity in BI6 melanoma cells: A possible marker for metastatic potential. Cancer Res 1982:42:980-986.
62. Sloane BF. Rozhin J. Johnson K. Taylor H, CrissmanJD, Honn KV: Cathepsin B: Association with plasma membrane in metastatic tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1986:83:2483-2487.
63. Rozhin J. Sameni M. Ziegler G, Sloane BF: Pericellular pH affects distribution and secretion of cathepsin B in malignant cells. Cancer Res 1994:54:6517-6525.
64. Sloane BF. Moin K, Sameni M, Tait LR, Rozhin J. Ziegler G: Membrane association of cathepsin B can be induced by transfection of human breast epithelial cells with t-Ha-ras oncogene. J Cell Sei 1994:107:373-384.
65. Heuser J: Changes in lysosomal shape and distribution correlated with changes in cvtoplasmic pH. J Cell Biol 1989:108:855-864.
66. Young PR, Spevacek SM: Substratum acidification by murine B16F10 melanoma cultures. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992:1139:163-166.
67. Young PR, Spevacek SM: Substratum acidification and proteinase activation by murine B16F10 melanoma cultures. Biochim Biophys Acta 1993;! 182:69-74.
68. Montcourrier P, Mangeât PH, Valembois C, Salazar G, Sahuquet A, Duperray C. Rochefort H: Characteriza tion of very acidic phagosomes in breast cancer cells and their association with invasion. J Cell Sei 1994:107: 2381-2391."
69. Tooze J. Hollinshead M, Hensel G. Kern HF. Hoflack B: Regulated secretion of mature cathepsin B from rat exocrine pancreatic cells. Eur J Cell Biol 1991:56:187-200.
70. Hashizume Y. Waguri S. Watanabe T. Kominami E. Uchiyama Y: Cysteine proteinases in rat parathyroid cells with special reference to their correlation with parathyroid hormone in storage granules. J Histochem Cytochem 1993:41:273-282.
71. Gong Q, Frankfater A: Alternative splicing of cathepsin B in human tumors produces a novel isoform which can be refolded into an active enzyme in vitro. FASEB J 1993;7:A1208.
72. Mehtani S, Gong Q, Frankfater A: Expression in COS cells of a cDNA encoding a novel tumor form of cathepsin B. J Cell Biochem 1995(suppl 19B):17.
73. Campo E. Munoz J, Miquel R. Palacîn A, Cardesa A. Sloane BF. Emmert-Buck MR: Cathepsin B expression in colorectal carcinomas correlates with tumor progression and shortened patient survival. Am J Pathol 1994:145:301-309.
74. Sukoh N. Abe S, Ogura S, Isobe H. Takekawa H, Inoue K. Kawakami Y: Immunohistochemical study of cathepsin B, prognostic significance in human lung cancer. Cancer 1994:74:46-51.
75. Inoue T. Ishida T. Sugio K, Sugimachi K: Cathepsin B expression and laminin degradation as factors influencing prognosis of surgically treated patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 1994:54:6133-6136.
76. Visscher DW, Sloane BF. Sameni M, Babiarz JW, Jacobson J. Crissman JD: Clinicopathologic significance of cathepsin B immunostaining in transitional neoplasia. Mod Pathol 1994:7:76-81.
77. Rempel SA, Rosenblum ML. Mikkelsen T. Yan P-S. Ellis KD, Golembieski WA. Sameni M. Rozhin J, Ziegler G. Sloane BF: Cathepsin B expression and localization in glioma progression and invasion. Cancer Res 1994:54:6027-6031.
78. KosJ. Smid A. Krasovec M, Svetic B, Lenarcic B, Vrhovec I. Skrk J. Turk V: Lysosomal proteases cathepsins D. B, H. L and their inhibitors stefins A and B in head and neck cancer. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 1995: 376:401-405.