Emergence of protease inhibitor resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from patients and rapid screening procedure for their detection

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Volumn 40, Issue 11, 1996, Pages 2535-2541

  Vasudevachari, M B ^a   Zhang, Y M ^a   Imamichi, H ^a   Imamichi, T ^a   Falloon, J ^b   Salzman, N P ^a  

^a SAIC FREDERICK INC   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INDINAVIR; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; VIRUS DNA;

AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; ARTICLE; DNA SEQUENCE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS DETECTION; VIRUS MUTANT;

EID: 0029861536     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/aac.40.11.2535     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Baldwin, E. T., T. N. Bhat, B. Liu, N. Pattabiraman, and J. W. Erickson. 1995. Structural basis of drug resistance for the V82A mutant of HIV-1 proteinase. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2:244-249.
2. Barnes, W. B. 1994. PCR amplification of up to 35-kb DNA with high fidelity and high yield from λ bacteriophage templates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:2216-2220.
3. Cameron, B., M. Heath-Chiozzi, S. Kravci, R. Mills, A. Potthoff, and D. Henry. 1996. Prolongation of life and prevention of AIDS in advanced HIV immunodeficiency with ritonavir, abstr. LB6a, p. 40. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
4. Chen, Z., Y. Li, H. B. Schock, D. Hall, E. Chen, and L. C. Kuo. 1995. Three-dimensional structure of a mutant HIV-1 protease displaying cross-resistance to all protease inhibitors in clinical trials. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 21433-21436.
5. Collier, A. C., R. W. Coombs, D. A. Schoenfeld, R. L. Bassett, J. Timpone, A. Baurch, M. Jones, K. Facey, C. Whitacre, V. J. McAuliffe, H. M. Friedman, T. C. Merigan, R. C. Reichman, C. Hooper, and L. Corey for the AIDS Clinical Trial Group. 1996. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection with saquinavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:1011-1017.
6. Condra, J. H., W. A. Schleif, O. M. Blahy, R. M. Danovich, L. J. Gabryelski, D. J. Graham, J. C. Quintero, A. Rhodes, H. L. Robbins, E. Roth, M. Shivaprakash, D. Titus, T. Yang, J. A. Chodakewitz, P. J. Deutsch, D. J. Holder, and E. A. Emini. 1996. In vivo evolution of resistance to the HIV-1 protease inhibitor indinavir, abstr. 145, p. 80. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
7. Condra, J. H., W. A. Schleif, O. M. Blahy, L. J. Gabryelski, D. J. Graham, J. C. Quintero, A. Rhodes, H. L. Robbins, E. Roth, M. Shivaprakash, D. Titus, T. Yang, H. Teppler, K. E. Squires, P. J. Deutsch, and E. A. Emini. 1995. In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease inhibitors. Nature (London) 374:569-571.
8. Craig, J. C., L. Whittaker, I. B. Duncan, and N. A. Roberts. 1993. In vitro resistance to an inhibitor of HIV proteinase (Ro31-8959) relative to inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (AZT and TIBO). Antiviral Chem. Chemother. 4:335-339.
9. Duncan, I. B., H. Jacobsen, J. Mous, S. Owen, and N. A. Roberts. 1996. Reduced HIV sensitivity during treatment with the proteinase inhibitor saquinavir (Invirase): an overview, abstr. 155, p. 81. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
10. Eastman, P. S., E. Boyer, L. Mole, J. Kolberg, M. Urdea, and M. Holodniy. 1995. Nonisotopic hybridization assay tor determination of relative amounts of genotypic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 zidovudine resistance. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:2777-2780.
11. Eastman, P. S., R. Kelso, E. Boyer, M. Urdea, J. Kolberg, J. Leonard, D. D. Ho, and M. Markowitz. 1996. Loss of suppression of viral replication by ritonavir (ABT-538) is quantitatively associated with the acquisition of genotypic mutations at codon 82 of the HIV-1 protease gene, abstr. 201, p. 90. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America. National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
12. Eastman, P. S., M. Urdea, D. Besemer, M. Stempien, and J. Kolberg. 1995. Comparison of selective polymerase chain reaction primers and differential probe hybridization of polymerase chain reaction products for determination of relative amounts of codon 215 mutant and wild-type HIV-1 populations. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 9:264-273.
13. Eberle, J., B. Bechowsky, U. Rose, U. Hauser, K. Von Der Helm, L. Gürtler, and H. Nitschko. 1995. Resistance of HIV type 1 to proteinase inhibitor Ro 31-8959. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 11:671-676.
14. El-Farrash, M. A., M. J. Kuroda, T. Kitazaki, T. Masuda, K. Kato, M. Hatanaka, and S. Harada. 1994. Generation and characterization of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mutant resistant to an HIV-1 protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 68:233-239.
15. Falloon, J., C. Owen, J. Kovacs, R. Leavitt, J. Metcalf, H. C. Lane, and NIAID-Clinical Center Intramural AIDS Program. 1995. MK-639 (Merck HIV protease inhibitor) with interleukin-2 (IL2) in HIV, abstr. 176, p. 236. In Program and abstracts of the 35th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
16. Fontenot, G., K. Johnston, J. C. Cohen, W. R. Gallaher, J. Robinson, and R. B. Luftig. 1992. PCR amplification of HIV-1 proteinase sequences directly from lab isolates allows determination of five conserved domains. Virology 190:1-10.
17. Gulick, R., J. Mellors, D. Havlir, J. Eron, C. Gonzalez, D. McMahon, D. Richman, F. Valentine, L. Jonas, A. Meibohn, R. Chiou, P. Deutsch, E. Emini, and J. Chodakewitz. 1996. Potent and sustained antiretroviral activity of indinavir in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine, abstr. LB7, p. 40. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
18. Gulnik, S. V., L. I. Suvurov, B. Liu, B. Yu, B. Anderson, H. Mitsuya, and J. W. Erickson. 1995. Kinetic characterization and cross-resistance patterns of HIV-1 protease mutants selected under drug pressure. Biochemistry 34: 9282-9287.
19. Ho, D. D., T. Toyoshima, H. Mo, D. J. Kempf, D. Norbeck, C.-M. Chen, N. E. Wideburg, S. K. Burt, J. W. Erickson, and M. K. Singh. 1994. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with increased resistance to a C2-symmetric protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 68:2016-2020.
20. Jacobsen, H., K. Yasargil, D. L. Winslow, J. C. Craig, A. Krohn, I. B. Duncan, and J. Mous. 1995. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants with decreased sensitivity to proteinase inhibitor Ro 31-8959. Virology 206:527-534.
21. Jung, M., H. Agut, D. Candotti, D. Ingrand, C. Katlama, and J. M. Huraux. 1992. Susceptibility of HIV-1 isolates to zidovudine: correlation between widely applicable culture test and PCR analysis. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 5:359-364.
22. Kaplan, A. H., S. F. Michael, R. S. Wehbie, M. F. Knigge, D. A. Paul, L. Everitt, D. J. Kempf, D. W. Norbeck, J. W. Erickson, and R. Swanstrom. 1994. Selection of multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants that encode viral proteases with decreased sensitivity to an inhibitor of the viral protease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5597-5601.
23. King, R. W., S. Garber, D. L. Winslow, C. D. Reid, L. T. Bacheler, E. Anton, and M. J. Otto. 1995. Multiple mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus protease gene are responsible for decreased susceptibility to protease inhibitors. Antiviral Chem. Chemother. 6:80-88.
24. King, R. W., D. L. Winslow, S. Garber, H. T. Scarnati, L. Bachelor, S. Stack, and M. J. Otto. 1995. Identification of a clinical isolate of HIV-1 with an isolcucine at position 82 of the protease which retains susceptibility to protease inhibitors. Antiviral Res. 28:13-24.
25. Larder, B. A., P. Kellam, and S. D. Kemp. 1991. Zidovudine resistance predicted by direct detection of mutations in DNA from HIV-infected lymphocytes. AIDS 5:137-144.
26. Lech, W. J., G. Wang, Y. L. Yang, Y. Chee, K. Dorman, D. McCrae, L. C. Lazzeroni, J. W. Erickson, J. S. Sinsheimer, and A. H. Kaplan. 1996. In vivo sequence diversity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: presence of protease inhibitor-resistant variants in untreated subjects. J. Virol. 70:2038-2043.
27. Lin, Y., X. Lin, L. Hong, S. Foundling, R. L. Heinrikson, S. Thaisrivongs, W. Leelamanit, D. Raterman, M. Shah, B. M. Dunn, and J. Tang. 1995. Effect of point mutations on the kinetics and the inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease: relationship to drug resistance. Biochemistry 34:1143-1152.
28. Markowitz, M., H. Mo, D. J. Kempf, D. W. Norbeck, T. N. Bhat, J. W. Erickson, and D. D, Ho. 1995. Selection and analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with increased resistance to ABT-538, a novel protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 69:701-706.
29. Markowitz, M., M. Saag, W. G. Powderly, A. M. Hurley, A. Hsu, J. M. Valdes, D. Henry, F. Sattler, A. L. Marca, J. M. Leonard, and D. D. Ho. 1995. A preliminary study of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, to treat HIV-1 infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 333:1534-1539.
30. Maschera, B., E. Furfine, and E. D. Blair. 1995. Analysis of resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors by using matched bacterial expression and proviral infection vectors. J. Virol. 69:5431-5436.
31. Mathez, D., P. D. Truchis, I. Gorin, C. Katalama, G. Pialoux, A. G. Saimot, R. Tubiana, J. P. Chauvin, P. Bagnarelli, M. Clementi, and J. Leibowitch. 1996. Ritonavir, AZT, DDC, as a triple combination in AIDS patients, abstr. 285, p. 106. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
32. Mellors, J. W., B. A. Larder, and R. F. Schinazi. 1995. Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease associated with drug resistance. Int. Antiviral News 3:8-13.
33. Myers, G., B. Korber, S. Wain-Hobson, K.-T. Jeang, L. E. Henderson, and G. N. Pavlakis. 1994. Human retroviruses and AIDS. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.
34. Otto, M. J., S. Garber, D. L. Winslow, C. D. Reid, P. Aldrich, P. K. Jadhav, C. E. Patterrson, C. N. Hodge, and Y. S. Cheng. 1993. In vitro isolation and identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) variants with reduced sensitivity to C-2 symmetrical inhibitors of HIV type-1 protease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:7543-7547.
35. Partaledis, J. A., K. Yamaguchi, M. Tisdale, E. E. Blair, C. Falcione, B. Maschera, R. E. Myers, S. Pazhanisamy, O. Futer, A. B. Cullinan, C. M. Stuver, R. A. Byrn, and D. J. Livingston. 1995. In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates with reduced sensitivity to hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide inhibitors of HIV-1 aspartyl protease. J. Virol. 69:5228-5235.
36. Patick, A. K., H. Mo, M. Markowitz, K. Appelt, B. Wu, L. Musick, V. Kalish, S. Kaldor, S. Reich, D. Ho, and S. Webber. 1996. Antiviral and resistance studies of AG1343, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus protease. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:292-297.
37. Patick, A. K., R. Rose, J. Greytok, C. M. Bechtold, M. A. Hermsmeier, P. T. Chen, J. C. Barrish, R. Zahler, R. J. Colonno, and P.-F. Lin. 1995. Characterization of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant with reduced sensitivity to an aminodiol protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 69:2148-2152.
38. Pillay, D., M. Bryant, D. Getman, and D. D. Richman. 1995. HIV-1 protease inhibitors: their development, mechanism of action and clinical potential. Med. Virol. 5:23-33.
39. Potts, K. E., M. L. Smidt, S. P. Tucker, T. R. Stiebel, J. J. McDonald, R. A. Stegeman, W. C. Stallings, and R. C. Wiegand. 1996. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates with reduced sensitivity to hydroxyethylurea isostere containing protease inhibitors in vitro, abstr. 156, p. 81. In Program and abstracts of the 3rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Diseases Society of America, National Institutes of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, D.C.
40. Richman, D. D., J. C. Guatelli, J. Grimes, A. Tsiatis, and T. Gingeras. 1991. Detection of mutations associated with zidovudine resistance in human immunodeficiency virus by use of the polymerase chain reaction. J. Infect. Dis. 164:1075-1081.
41. Rose, R. E., Y.-F. Gong, J. A. Greytok, C. M. Bechtold, B. J. Terry, B. S. Robinson, M. Alam, R. J. Colonno, and P.-F. Lin. 1996. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral background plays a major role in development of resistance to protease inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:1648-1653.
42. Sardana, V. V., A. J. Schlabach, P. Graham, B. L. Bush, J. H. Condra, J. C. Culberson, L. Gotlib, D. J. Graham, N. E. Kohl, R. L. LaFemina, C. L. Schneider, B. S. Wolanski, J. A. Wolfgang, and E. A. Emini. 1994. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors: evaluation of resistance engendered by amino acid substitutions in the enzyme's substrate binding site. Biochemistry. 33:2004-2010.
43. Swanstrom, R. 1994. Characterization of HIV-1 protease mutants: random, directed, selected. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 5:409-413.
44. Tisdale, M., R. E. Myers, B. Maschera, N. R. Parry, N. M. Oliver, and E. D. Blair. 1995. Cross-resistance analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants individually selected for resistance to five different protease inhibitors. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:1704-1710.
45. Winslow, D. L., S. Stack, R. King, H. Scarnati, A. Bincsik, and M. J. Otto. 1995. Limited sequence diversity of the HIV type 1 protease gene from clinical isolates and in vitro susceptibility to HIV protease inhibitors. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 11:107-113.
46. Yamaguchi, K., and R. A. Byrn. 1995. Clinical isolates of HIV-1 contain few pre-existing proteinase inhibitor resistance-conferring mutations. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1253:136-140.
47. Yamaguchi, K., J. E. Groopman, and R. A. Byrn. 1994. PCR method fur direct sequencing of the HIV-1 protease gene, abstr. PA0191. In 10th International Conference on AIDS and STD. International AIDS Conference Society, Yokohama, Japan.
48. Zhang, Y.-M., S. C. Dawson, D. Landsman, H. C. Lane, and N. P. Salzman. 1994. Persistence of four related human immunodeficiency virus subtypes during the course of zidovudine therapy: relationship between virion RNA and proviral DNA. J. Virol. 68:425-432.