Considerations of scale in habitat conservation and restoration

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Volumn 53, Issue SUPPL. 1, 1996, Pages 440-445

  Lewis, C A ^a   Lester, N P ^a   Bradshaw, A D ^b   Fitzgibbon, J E ^c   Fuller, K ^d   Hakanson, L ^e   Richards, C ^f  

^a ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

^d U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^e UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^f UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA DULUTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUATIC HABITAT; CONSERVATION; LAKE ECOSYSTEM; RESTORATION;

CANADA, GREAT LAKES; USA, GREAT LAKES;

EID: 0029861287     PISSN: 0706652X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-53-s1-440     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Allen, T.F.H., and Hoekstra, T.W. 1992. Toward a unified ecology. Columbia University Press, New York, N.Y.
2. Casselman, J.M., and Lewis, C.A. 1996. Habitat requirements of northern pike, Esox lucius. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
3. Crowder, A.A., Smol, J.P., Dalrymple, R., Gilbert, R., Mathers, A., and Price, J. 1996. Rates of natural and anthropogenic change in shoreline habitats in the Kingston Basin, Lake Ontario. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
4. Cunjak, R.A. 1996. Winter habitat of selected stream fishes and potential impacts from land-use activity. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
5. Doppelt, B., Scurlock, M., Frizzell, C.A., and Karr, J.R. 1993. Entering the watershed: a new approach to save America's river ecosystems. Island Press, Covelo, Calif.
6. Evans, D.O., Nicholls, K.H., Alien, Y., and McMurtry, M.J. 1996. Historical land-use, phosphorus loading, and loss of fish habitat in Lake Simcoe, Canada. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
7. Geiling, W.D., Kelso, J.R.M., and Iwachewski, E. 1996. Benefits from incremental additions to walleye spawning habitat in the Current River, with reference to habitat modification as a management tool in Ontario. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
8. Gunn, J. M, Conlon, M.S.C., Kirk, R.J., and McAughey, S.C. 1996. Can trained observers accurately identify lake trout spawning habitat? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
9. Håkanson, L., Nilsson, A., and Andersson, T. 1990. Mercury in the Swedish mor layer-linkages to mercury deposition and sources of emission. Water Air Soil Pollut. 50: 311-329.
10. Håkanson, L., Andersson, T., and Nilsson, A. 1992. Radioactive caesium in fish in Swedish lakes 1986-1988-general pattern related to fallout and lake characteristics. J. Environ. Radioact. 15: 207-209.
11. Harris, G.P. 1994. Pattern, process and prediction in aquatic ecology. A limnological view of some general ecological problems. Freshwater Biol. 32: 143-160.
12. Hayes, D.B., Ferreri, C.P., and Taylor, W.W. 1996. Linking fish population dynamics to their habitat. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
13. Howells, G., and Dalziel, T.R.K. 1991. Restoring acid waters: Loch Fleet 1984-1990. Elsevier Applied Science, London.
14. Imhof, J.G., Fitzgibbon, J., and Annable, W.K. 1996. A hierarchical evaluation system for characterizing watershed ecosystems for fish habitat. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
15. Keller, W., and Gunn, J.M. 1995. Lake water quality improvements and recovering aquatic communities. In Restoration and recovery of an industrial region: progress in restoring the smelter-damaged landscape near Sudbury, Canada. Edited by J.M. Gunn. Springer, New York, N.Y. pp. 67-80.
16. Kelso, J.R.M., and Hartig, J.H. 1995. Methods of modifying habitat to benefit the Great Lakes ecosystem. Can. Inst. Sci. Tech. Inf. Occas. Pap. No. 1.
17. Kelso, J.R.M., and Minns, C.K. 1996. Is fish species richness at sites in the Canadian Great Lakes the result of local or regional factors? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
18. Kelso, J.R.M., Stecdman, R.J., and Stoddart, S. 1996. Historical causes of change in Great Lakes fish stocks and the implications for ecosystem rehabilitation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
19. King, A.W. 1990. Translating models across scales in the landscape. In Quantitative methods in landscape ecology. Edited by M.G. Turner and R.H. Gardner. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 479-499.
20. King, A.W. 1993. Considerations of scale and hierarchy. In Ecological integrity and the management of ecosystems. Edited by S. Woodley, J. Kay, and G. Francis. St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach, Fla. pp. 19-45.
21. Koonce, J.F., Busch, W.-D.N., and Czapla, T. 1996. Restoration of Lake Erie: contribution of water quality and natural resource management. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
22. Lacroix, G.L. 1996. Long-term enhancement of habitat to salmonids in acidified running waters. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
23. Lester, N.P., Dunlop, W.I., and Willox, C.C. 1996. Detecting changes in the nearshore fish community. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
24. Minns, C.K., Randall, R.G., Moore, J.E., and Cairns, V.W. 1996. A model simulating the impact of habitat supply limits on northern pike, Esox lucius, in Hamilton Harbour, Lake Ontario. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
25. Minshall, G.W. 1988. Stream ecosystem theory: a global perspective. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 7(4): 263-288.
26. Neary, B.P., and Dillon, P.J. 1988. Effects of sulphur deposition on lake-water chemistry in Ontario, Canada. Nature (London), 333: 340-343.
27. Pickett, S.T.A., Kolasa, J., Armesto, J.J., and Collins, S.L. 1989. The ecological concept of disturbance and its expression at various hierarchical levels. Oikos, 54: 129-136.
28. Rabeni, C.F., and Sowa, S.P. 1996. Integrating biological realism into habitat restoration and conservation strategies for small streams Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
29. Resh, V.H., Brown, A.V., Covich, A.P., Gurtz, M.E., Li, H.W., Minshall, G.W., Reice, S.R., Sheldon, A.L., Wallace, J.B., and Wissmar, R.C. 1988. The role of disturbance in stream ecology, J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 7: 433-455.
30. Richards, C., Johnson, L., and Host, G. 1996. Landscape-scale influences on stream habitats and biota. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
31. Ryder, R.A., and Kerr, S.R. 1989. Environmental priorities: placing habitat in hierarchic perspective. In Proceedings of the National Workshop on Effects of Habitat Alteration on Salmonid Stocks, 6-8 May 1987, Nanaimo, B.C. Edited by C.D. Levings, L.B. Holtby, and M.A. Henderson. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 105: 2-12.
32. Schindler, D.W., Beaty, K.G., Fee, E.J., Cruikshank, D.R., DeBruyn, E.R., Findlay, D.L., Linsay, G.A., Shearer, J.A., Stainton, M.P., and Turner, M.A. 1990. Effects of climatic warming on lakes of the central boreal forest. Science (Washington, D.C.), 250: 967-970.
33. Steedman, R.J., and Regier, H.A. 1987. Ecosystem science for the Great Lakes: perspectives on degradative and rehabilitative transformations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44(Suppl. 2): 95-103.
34. White, R.J. 1991.'Objectives should dictate methods in managing stream habitat for fish. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 10: 44-52.
35. White, R.J. 1996. Growth and development of North American stream habitat management for fish. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(Suppl. 1). This issue.
36. Woodley, S. 1991. Monitoring for ecosystem integrity in Canadian National Parks. Heritage Resources Centre Working Paper No. 6, Unversity of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.