Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage in the ear of well-controlled hypertension

Stroke

Volumn 27, Issue 11, 1996, Pages 2020-2025

  Thrift, Amanda G ^a,b   McNeil, John J ^a   Forbes, Andrew ^a   Donnan, Geoffrey A ^b  

^a ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b AUSTIN HEALTH   (Australia)

Author keywords

Australia; case control studies; cerebellar hemorrhage; intracerebral hemorrhage; risk factors

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; FEMALE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT PLANNING;

EID: 0029807916     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.27.11.2020     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Ashok PP, Radhakrishnan K, Sridharan R, El-Mangoush MA. Incidence and pattern of cerebrovascular diseases in Benghazi, Libya. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1986;49:519-523.
2. Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C. A prospective study of acute cerebrovascular disease in the community: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project, 1981-86, II: incidence, case fatality rates and overall outcome at one year of cerebral infarction, primary intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53:16-22.
3. Ricci S, Celani MG, La Rosa F, Vitali R, Duca E, Ferraguzzi R, Paolotti M, Seppoloni D, Caputo N, Chiurulla C, Scaroni R, Signorini E. SEPIVAC: a community-based study of stroke incidence in Umbria, Italy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1991;54:695-698.
4. Anderson CS, Jamrozik KD, Burvill PW, Chakera TMH, Johnson GA, Stewart-Wynne EG. Determining the incidence of different subtypes of stroke: results from the Perth Community Stroke Study, 1989-1990. Med J Aust. 1993;158:85-89.
5. Thrift AG, Donnan GA, McNeil JJ. The epidemiology of intracerebral hemorrhage. Epidemiol Rev. 1995;17:361-381.
6. Paffenbarger RS, Williams JL. Chronic disease in former college students, V: early precursors of fatal stroke. Am J Public Health. 1967;57:1290-1299.
7. Dyken ML. Precipitating factors, prognosis, and demography of cerebrovascular disease in an Indiana community: a review of patients hospitalized from 1963 to 1965 with neurological examination of survivors. Stroke. 1970;1:261-269.
8. Abu-Zeid HAH, Choi NW, Maini KK, Hsu PH, Nelson NA. Relative role of risk factors associated with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage: a matched pair case-control study. Stroke. 1977;8: 106-112.
9. Donnan GA, Rowe CC. Cerebral haemorrhage: a brighter outlook? In: Donnan GA, Vajda FJE, eds. Perspectives in Stroke. Melbourne, Australia: York Press; 1986:15-20.
10. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, McGee DL, Dawber TR. McNamara P, Castelli WP. Systolic blood pressure, arterial rigidity, and risk of stroke: the Framingham study. JAMA. 1981;245:1225-1229.
11. Tanaka H, Ueda Y, Hayashi M, Date C, Baba T, Yamashita H, Shoji H, Tanaka Y, Owada K, Detels R. Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community. Stroke. 1982;13:62-73.
12. Takeya Y, Popper JS, Shimizu Y, Kato H, Rhoads GG, Kagan A. Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: incidence of stroke in Japan and Hawaii. Stroke. 1984;15:15-23.
13. Calandre L, Arnal C, Ortega JF, Bermejo F, Felgeroso B, del Ser T, Vallejo A. Risk factors for spontaneous cerebral hematomas: case-control study. Stroke. 1986;17:1126-1128.
14. Klatsky AL, Armstrong MA, Friedman GD. Alcohol use and subsequent cerebrovascular disease hospitalizations. Stroke. 1989;20: 741-746.
15. Inzitari D, Giordano GP, Ancona AL, Pracucci G, Masalchi M, Amaducci L. Leukoaraiosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, and arterial hypertension. Stroke. 1990;21:1419-1423.
16. Monforte R, Estruch R, Graus F, Nicolas JM, Urbano-Marquez A. High ethanol consumption as risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage in young and middle-aged people. Stroke. 1990;21:1529-1532.
17. Schütz H, Bödecker RH, Damian M, Krack P, Dorndorf W. Age-related spontaneous intracerebral hematoma in a German community. Stroke. 1990;21:1412-1418.
18. Al-Roomi K, Heller RF, Holland T, Floate D, Wlodarczyk J. The importance of hypertension in the aetiology of infarctive and haemorrhagic stroke: the Lower Hunter Stroke Study. Med J Aust. 1992;157:452-455.
19. Jamrozik K, Broadhurst RJ, Anderson CS, Stewart-Wynne EG. The role of lifestyle factors in the etiology of stroke: a population-based case-control study in Perth, Western Australia. Stroke. 1994;25:51-59.
20. Brott T, Thalinger K, Hertzberg V. Hypertension as a risk factor for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 1986;17:1078-1083.
21. Peto R, Gray R, Collins R, Wheatley K, Hennekens C, Jamrozik K, Warlow C, Hafner B, Thompson E, Norton S, Gilliland J, Doll R. Randomised trial of prophylactic daily aspirin in British male doctors. Br Med J [Clin Res]. 1988;296:313-320.
22. Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group. Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians' Health Study. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:129-135.
23. Hurley SF, McNeil JJ, Jolley DJ, Harvey R. Linking prescription and patient-identifying data: a pilot study. Med J Aust. 1992;156:383-386.
24. You R, McNeil JJ. O'Malley HM, Davis SM, Donnan GA. Risk factors for lacunar infarction syndromes. Neurology. 1995;45:1483-1487.
25. Statistical and Epidemiology Research Corporation. Manual for Epidemiological Graphics, Estimation, and Testing Package. Seattle, Wash: Statistical and Epidemiological Research Corporation; 1991.
26. Schlesselman JJ. Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Lilienfeld AM; New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1982.
27. Altman DG. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. London, UK: Chapman & Hall; 1991:403-406.
28. Magaziner J, Bassett SS, Hebel JR. Gruber-Baldini A. Use of proxies to measure health and functional status in epidemiologic studies of community-dwelling women aged 65 years and older. Am J Epidemiol. 1996;143:283-292.
29. Ludbrook J. On making multiple comparisons in clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1991;18:379-392. Editorial.
30. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia's Health 1992: The Third Biennial Report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service; 1992.
31. Fisher CM. Pathological observations in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1971;30:536-550.
32. Rao AK, Pratt C, Berke A, Jaffe A, Ockene I, Schreiber TL, Bell WR, Knatterud TL, Terrin ML. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Trial Phase I: hemorrhagic manifestations and changes in plasma fibrinogen and the fibrinolytic system in patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and streptokinase. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;11:1-11.
33. UK-TIA Study Group. United Kingdom transient ischaemic attack (UK-TIA) aspirin trial: interim results. Br Med J. 1988;296:316-320.
34. Van de Werf F, Arnold AER. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and size of infarct, left ventricular function, and survival in acute myocardial infarction. Br Med J. 1988;297:1374-1379.
35. Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willed WC, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH. A prospective study of aspirin use and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. JAMA. 1991;266:521-527.
36. SALT Collaborative Group. Swedish Aspirin Low-Dose Trial (SALT) of 75 mg aspirin as secondary prophylaxis after cerebrovascular ischaemic events. Lancet. 1991;338:1345-1349.
37. Juul-Möller S, Edvardsson N, Jahnmatz B, Rosén A, Sorensen S, Ömblus R. Double-blind trial of aspirin in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with stable chronic angina pectoris: the Swedish Angina Pectoris Aspirin Trial (SAPAT) Group. Lancet. 1992;340:1421-1425.
38. Meade TW, Berra A, Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease. Br Med Bull. 1992;48:276-308.
39. Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Manson JE, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and cardiovascular disease: ten-year follow-up from the nurses' health study. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:756-762.
40. Finucane FF, Madans JH, Bush TL, Wolf PH, Kleinman JC. Decreased risk of stroke among postmenopausal hormone users: results from a national cohort. Arch Intern Med. 1993;153:73-79.
41. Reid CM. Evaluation and Reduction of Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in the Community. Clayton, Australia: Monash University; 1993. Thesis.
42. Iso H, Jacobs DR, Wentworth D, Neaton JD, Cohen JD. Serum cholesterol levels and six-year mortality from stroke in 350,977 men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. N Engl J Med. 1989;320:904-910.
43. Yamori Y, Horie R, Ohtaka M, Nara Y, Fukase M. Effect of hypercholesterolaemic diet on the incidence of cerebrovascular and myocardial lesions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1976;suppl 3:205-208.
44. Ooneda G, Yoshida Y, Suzuki K, Shinkai H, Hori S, Kobori K, Takayama Y, Sekiguchi M. Smooth muscle cells in the development of plasmatic arterionecrosis, arteriosclerosis, and arterial contraction. Blood Vessels. 1978;15:148-156.
45. Donnan GA, McNeil JJ, Adena MA, Doyle AE, O'Malley HM, Neill GC. Smoking as a risk factor for cerebral ischaemia. Lancet. 1989; 2:643-647.
46. Gill JS, Shipley MJ, Tsementzis SA, Hornby R, Gill SK, Hitchcock ER, Beevers G. Cigarette smoking: a risk factor for hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic stroke. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:2053-2057.
47. Bell BA, Ambrose J. Smoking and the risk of a stroke. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1982;64:1-7.
48. Collaborative Group for the Study of Stroke in Young Women. Oral contraceptives and stroke in young women: associated risk factors. JAMA. 1975;231:718-722.
49. Abbott RB, Yin Y, Reed DM, Yano K. Risk of stroke in male cigarette smokers. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:717-720.
50. Bell BA, Symon L. Smoking and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Br Med J. 1979;1:577-578.
51. Bonita R. Cigarette smoking, hypertension and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage: a population-based case control study. Stroke. 1986;17:831-835.
52. Fogelholm R, Murros K. Cigarette smoking and subarachnoid haemorrhage: a population-based case control study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1987;50:78-80.
53. Shinton R, Beevers G. Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. Br Med J. 1989;298:789-794.