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comb is the appropriately weighted combination of MIR and the calculated phase, and more residues were identified and fitted. Further rounds of model building and refinement were carried out and during this process the resolution was gradually extended to 1.9 Å with data collected at the SRS Daresbury laboratory. In later stages, a low-resolution cutoff was applied at 15 Å and a total of 54 solvent molecules assigned. Omit maps were calculated for the regions of the model where the density was poor and refined B factors were high. An R factor of 20.9% was obtained for all data (no σ cutoff) in the resolution range from 15 to 1.9 Å.
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The DNA model proved straightforward to construct by making simple rotations and translations of the helical axes that enabled the 5′ to 3′ and 3′ to 5′ phosphate backbone strands of each duplex section to be joined to those of adjacent sections. The covalent bond distances and angles are those of standard B-DNA (55), except for the ε and ζ torsion angles adopted by the single linking phosphate group at the 90° bend in each chain, which have values of 276° and 222°, respectively. These torsion angles are stereochemically reasonable and compare with values for ε of 170° and for ζ of 257° in straight standard B-DNA (55).
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We thank M. Legg (Zeneca Agrochemicals, Jealott's Hill, UK) for fermentation of the recombinant cells incorporating selenomethionine; the support staff at the Synchrotron Radiation Source, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, UK, for assistance with station alignment; and T. J. Palmer for the program used to analyze the selenomethionine Patterson map. Supported by grants from the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the UK Medical Research Council to P.J.A., R.G.L., and D.W.R., and the Wellcome Trust to P.J.A. and D.W.R. J.B.R. is a BBSRC Technology Foresight Junior Research Fellow. G.J.S. is a Royal Society University Research Fellow. The Krebs Institute is a designated BBSRC Biomolecular Science Centre.
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