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Noelle, R.J.1
Ledbetter, J.A.2
Aruffo, A.3
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2
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0028486131
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R. J. Noelle, J. A. Ledbetter, A. Aruffo. Immunol. Today 13, 431 (1992); J. Xu et al., Immunity 1, 423 (1994); T. Kawabe et al., ibid., p. 167.
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Xu, J.1
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R. J. Noelle, J. A. Ledbetter, A. Aruffo. Immunol. Today 13, 431 (1992); J. Xu et al., Immunity 1, 423 (1994); T. Kawabe et al., ibid., p. 167.
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Immunity
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Kawabe, T.1
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C. Caux et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1263 (1994); Y. Wu et al., Curr. Biol. 5, 1303 (1995); F. Sallusto, M. Cella, C. Danieli, A. J. Lanzavecchia, J. Exp. Med. 182, 389 (1995); B. Ludewing et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2855 (1995); J. Peguet-Navarro et al., J. Immunol. 155, 4241 (1995).
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Caux, C.1
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C. Caux et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1263 (1994); Y. Wu et al., Curr. Biol. 5, 1303 (1995); F. Sallusto, M. Cella, C. Danieli, A. J. Lanzavecchia, J. Exp. Med. 182, 389 (1995); B. Ludewing et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2855 (1995); J. Peguet-Navarro et al., J. Immunol. 155, 4241 (1995).
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Wu, Y.1
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C. Caux et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1263 (1994); Y. Wu et al., Curr. Biol. 5, 1303 (1995); F. Sallusto, M. Cella, C. Danieli, A. J. Lanzavecchia, J. Exp. Med. 182, 389 (1995); B. Ludewing et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2855 (1995); J. Peguet-Navarro et al., J. Immunol. 155, 4241 (1995).
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Sallusto, F.1
Cella, M.2
Danieli, C.3
Lanzavecchia, A.J.4
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7
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0028033310
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C. Caux et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1263 (1994); Y. Wu et al., Curr. Biol. 5, 1303 (1995); F. Sallusto, M. Cella, C. Danieli, A. J. Lanzavecchia, J. Exp. Med. 182, 389 (1995); B. Ludewing et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2855 (1995); J. Peguet-Navarro et al., J. Immunol. 155, 4241 (1995).
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Eur. J. Immunol.
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Ludewing, B.1
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8
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0028845769
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C. Caux et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1263 (1994); Y. Wu et al., Curr. Biol. 5, 1303 (1995); F. Sallusto, M. Cella, C. Danieli, A. J. Lanzavecchia, J. Exp. Med. 182, 389 (1995); B. Ludewing et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 2855 (1995); J. Peguet-Navarro et al., J. Immunol. 155, 4241 (1995).
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Peguet-Navarro, J.1
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12
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0029862933
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K. Gerritse et al., ibid. 93, 2499 (1996); N. D. Griggs et al., J. Exp. Med. 183, 801 (1996).
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(1996)
J. Exp. Med.
, vol.183
, pp. 801
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Griggs, N.D.1
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14
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0028213915
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Mice were immunized with 10 μg of MBP(Ac1-11) emulsified in CFA (1:1) in hind foot pads. After 24 and 48 hours, 200 of Pertussis toxin (0.5 ng/ List Biological Laboratory) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected intravenously. Mice were monitored daily for the signs of EAE. Disease was scored as described [V. K. Kuchroo etal., J. Exp. Med. 179, 1659 (1994)]; level 1, limp tail; level 2, partial hind limb paralysis; level 3, total hind limb paralysis; level 4, hind limb and 75% of the body paralysis; level 5, moribund; level 6, dead. The signs of EAE did not develop in CD40L-deficient mice, whereas wild-type mice developed EAE within 7 to 14 days of initial immunization. Disease seen in wild-type mice was severe, with 75% of the body parafyzed after 2 to 3 days of the first visual symptoms of EAE; most of these mice either died from EAE or were killed. In some experiments, CD40L-deficient mice were monitored for visual signs of EAE for over 6 months, and no signs of disease were apparent.
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(1994)
J. Exp. Med.
, vol.179
, pp. 1659
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Kuchroo, V.K.1
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15
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85035171962
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note
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For histological analysis of CNS tissue, experimental animals were killed together with the appropriate controls at different stages of EAE disease progression, when neurological deficits were apparent (levels 3 to 5). Mice were perfused with 4% paraformal-dehyde through the left ventricle. Brain and spinal cord tissues were surgically removed and paraffin-embedded, and 6-mm sections were prepared and stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or Luxol fast blue. For immunohistochemical evaluation, tissue sections were stained with antibody to mouse CD4 (anti-CD4) with the use of an alkaline phosphatase kit (Vector Research).
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16
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85035175398
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note
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613 as described (4) and analyzed with a FACScan (Beckton Dickinson).
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17
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0027788043
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5 APCs as described [K. D. Moudgil and E. E. Sercarz, J. Exp. Med. 178, 2131 (1993)]. For proliferation of in vivo-primed T cells, mice were immunized with 10 μg of MBP(Ac1-11) in a 1:1 emulsion with CFA in the hind foot pads. After 9 days, the popliteal lymph nodes were removed and cell suspensions were prepared, and proliferation of these cells was measured as described above.
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(1993)
Cell
, vol.75
, pp. 985
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Kamogawa, Y.1
Minasi, L.A.2
Carding, S.R.3
Bottomly, K.4
Flavell, R.A.5
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18
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0027524738
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5 APCs as described [K. D. Moudgil and E. E. Sercarz, J. Exp. Med. 178, 2131 (1993)]. For proliferation of in vivo-primed T cells, mice were immunized with 10 μg of MBP(Ac1-11) in a 1:1 emulsion with CFA in the hind foot pads. After 9 days, the popliteal lymph nodes were removed and cell suspensions were prepared, and proliferation of these cells was measured as described above.
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(1993)
J. Exp. Med.
, vol.178
, pp. 2131
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Moudgil, K.D.1
Sercarz, E.E.2
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19
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0028032963
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K. Inaba et al., J. Exp. Med. 180, 1849 (1994).
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(1994)
J. Exp. Med.
, vol.180
, pp. 1849
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Inaba, K.1
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20
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85035175893
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note
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5 APCs in the presence of the indicated concentrations of MBP(Ac1-11). After 2 days, concentrations of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Pharmingen), In this system, T cells will produce IFN-γ or IL-4 only if they have been primed in vivo.
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21
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85035176398
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613, as described (4).
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613, as described (4).
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23
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85035178741
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note
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Wild-type and CD40L-deficient MBP-TCR transgenic mice were immunized with 10 μg of MBP(Ac1-11) in CFA, and 8 days later their DLNs were examined for expression of B7.1 and B7.2, Briefly, frozen DLN tissue sections were stained with biotin-conjugated anti-B7.1 or anti-B7.2 with the use of an alkaline phosphatase kit (Vector Research). Only small amounts of B7.1 and B7.2 were detected in T cell areas in the CD40L-deficient mice, whereas many cells expressing B7.1 and B7.2 were detected in T cell areas in the wild-type mice. Expression of B7.1 and B7.2 seen in the lymph nodes of unimmunized wild-type mice was low, indicating that most 67.1 and B7.2 expression was induced after immunization with MBP(Ac1-11).
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24
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85035181673
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note
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7 splenic cells were injected into hind foot pads of mice. After 24 hours, mice were immunized with 10 mg of MBP(Ac1-11) emulsified in CFA (1:1) in hind foot pads. Twenty-four and 48 hours after MBP(Ac1-11)-CFA immunization, 200 μl of Pertussis toxin (0.5 ng/μl) in PBS were injected intravenously. Mice were monitored daily for the signs of EAE. Disease was scored as described (7). CD40L-deficient MBP-TCR transgenic mice that received B7.1 transgenic APCs developed acute EAE after antigen immunization, and control nontransgenic APCs did not induce EAE in these mice.
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25
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0028485245
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M. P. Sethna, L. van Parijs, A. H. Sharpe, A. K. Abbas, G. J. Freeman, Immunity 1, 415 (1994).
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(1994)
Immunity
, vol.1
, pp. 415
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Sethna, M.P.1
Van Parijs, L.2
Sharpe, A.H.3
Abbas, A.K.4
Freeman, G.J.5
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26
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85035181634
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CD40L-deficient MBP-TCR transgenic mice that received B7.1 transgenic APCs before induction of EAE were examined for signs of damage to CNS tissues as described (8). Damage to myelin in CNS was substantial, whereas no such damage was seen when CD40L-deficient mice received control APCs
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CD40L-deficient MBP-TCR transgenic mice that received B7.1 transgenic APCs before induction of EAE were examined for signs of damage to CNS tissues as described (8). Damage to myelin in CNS was substantial, whereas no such damage was seen when CD40L-deficient mice received control APCs.
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27
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85035171712
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+ APCs before immunization with MBP(Ac1-11) were tested for production of IFN-γ in vitro as described (12)
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+ APCs before immunization with MBP(Ac1-11) were tested for production of IFN-γ in vitro as described (12).
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0028956699
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U. Shu et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 25, 1125 (1995); R. Stout, J. Suttles, J. Xu, I. S. Grewal, R. Flavell, J. Immunol. 156, 8 (1996); M. K. Kennedy et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 26, 370 (1996); S. E. Macatonia et al., J. Immunol. 154, 5071 (1995); C. Scheicher, M. Mehlg, H. P. Dienes, K. Reske, Eur. J. Immunol. 25, 1566 (1995); C. Heufler et al., ibid. 26, 659 (1996).
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Mehlg, M.2
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Jaiswal, A.I.1
Dubey, C.2
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Croft, M.4
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39
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We thank A. Sharpe, A. Abbas, and G. Freeman for providing B7.1 transgenic mice, T. Taylor for help with FACS analysis, and F. H. Kim for valuable suggestions and for help with the histopathological analysis of brain and spinal cord samples
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We thank A. Sharpe, A. Abbas, and G. Freeman for providing B7.1 transgenic mice, T. Taylor for help with FACS analysis, and F. H. Kim for valuable suggestions and for help with the histopathological analysis of brain and spinal cord samples.
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