The surprising resilience of elected governments

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 101-114

  Mainwaring, Scott ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0012964003     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jod.1999.0048     Document Type: Review

References (20)

1. Terry Karl, "Imposing Consent: Electoralism vs. Democratization in El Salvador," in Paul W. Drake and Eduardo Silva, eds., Elections and Democratization in Latin America, 1980-1985 (San Diego: Center for Iberian and Latin American Studies, University of California-San Diego, 1996), 9-36.
2. J. Samuel Valenzuela, "Democratic Consolidation in Post-Transitional Settings: Notion, Process, and Facilitating Conditions," in Scott Mainwaring, J. Samuel Valenzuela, and Guillermo O'Donnell, eds., Issues in Democratic Consolidation: The New South American Democracies in Comparative Perspective (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1992), 57-104.
3. This section draws on another paper that explores the causes of the sea change in Latin American politics. See "Democratic Survivability in Latin America," in Howard Handelman and Mark A. Tessler, eds., Democracy and Its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, forthcoming).
4. Howard J. Wiarda, "Can Democracy Be Exported? The Quest for Democracy in U.S.-Latin American Policy" in Kevin Middlebrook and Carlos Rico, eds., The United States and Latin America in the 1980s: Contending Perspectives on a Decade of Crisis (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986), 341.
5. Laurence Whitehead, "Bolivia's Failed Democratization, 1977-1980," in Guillermo O'Donnell, Philippe Schmitter, and Laurence Whitehead, eds. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, Part 2: Prospects for Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986), Part II, 68-69, 71.
6. René Antonio Mayorga, "Bolivia's Silent Revolution," Journal of Democracy 8 (January 1997): 142-56.
7. Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Modernization: Theories and Facts," World Politics 49 (January 1997): 155-83.
8. Thomas E. Skidmore, "The Politics of Economic Stabilization in Postwar Latin America," in James Malloy, ed., Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1976), 149.
9. Adam Przeworski, Democracy and the Market: Political and Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 136, 138.
10. The data on tariffs come from Sebastian Edwards, Crisis and Reform in Latin America (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 126. The inflation data come from the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Latin American and Caribbean Economy 1992," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1992), 43; and Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 1998," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1998), 85.
11. The data on tariffs come from Sebastian Edwards, Crisis and Reform in Latin America (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 126. The inflation data come from the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Latin American and Caribbean Economy 1992," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1992), 43; and Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 1998," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1998), 85.
12. The data on tariffs come from Sebastian Edwards, Crisis and Reform in Latin America (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 126. The inflation data come from the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Latin American and Caribbean Economy 1992," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1992), 43; and Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, "Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 1998," (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 1998), 85.
13. Juan J. Linz, "Presidential or Parliamentary Democracy: Does It Make a Difference?" in Juan J. Linz and Arturo Valenzuela, eds., The Failure of Presidential Democracy, Vol. 1: Comparative Perspectives (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994), 3-87.
14. Scott Mainwaring, "Presidentialism, Multipartism, and Democracy: The Difficult Combination," Comparative Political Studies 26 (July 1993): 198-228.
15. In Bolivia, until 1997, the Congress had chosen the president from among the three top vote-getters in the popular election provided that - as consistently occurred -no candidate won an absolute majority. Under the new constitution, the Congress will choose the president from among the two candidates who win the most votes.
16. This concern has been voiced in interesting ways by Guillermo O'Donnell. See "Polyarchies and the (Un)Rule of Law in Latin America" in Juan Méndez, Guillermo O'Donnell, and Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro, eds., The (Un)Rule of Law and the Underprivileged in Latin America (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999), and Guillermo O'Donnell, "Delegative Democracy?" Journal of Democracy 5 (January 1994): 55-69.
17. This concern has been voiced in interesting ways by Guillermo O'Donnell. See "Polyarchies and the (Un)Rule of Law in Latin America" in Juan Méndez, Guillermo O'Donnell, and Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro, eds., The (Un)Rule of Law and the Underprivileged in Latin America (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999), and Guillermo O'Donnell, "Delegative Democracy?" Journal of Democracy 5 (January 1994): 55-69.
18. Scott Morgenstern and Benito Nacif, eds., Legislative Politics in Latin America, forthcoming.
19. Christopher J. Welna, "Exploring Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): Human Rights NGOs and Institutions of Justice in Mexico" (Ph.D. diss., Duke University, 1997).
20. Larry Diamond, "Democracy in Latin America: Degrees, Illusions, and Directions for Consolidation," in Tom Farer, ed., Beyond Sovereignty: Collectively Defending Democracy in the Americas (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), 52-104.