Beyond good intentions: The next steps toward racial equality in the American workplace

Academy of Management Executive

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 59-72

  Brief, Arthur P ^a,b   Buttram, Robert T ^c   Reizenstein, Robin M ^d   Pugh, S Douglas ^e   Callahan, Jodi D ^f   McCline, Richard L ^g   Vaslow, Joel B ^f  

^a TULANE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Study of Ethics and Leadership in Management

^c MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Assessment Solutions Inc   (United States)

^e SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f TULANE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0009951119     PISSN: 10795545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5465/ame.1997.9712024839     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. For example, see: Schuman, H., Steeb, C., & Bobo, L. 1985. Racial attitudes in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2. Jackson, S.E., & Associates. 1992. Diversity in the workplace: Human resources initiatives. New York: The Guilford Press.
3. Graham, L.O. 1993. The best companies for minorities. New York: Plume.
4. For example, see: Kinder, D.H. 1986. The continuing American dilemma: White resistance to racial change 40 years after Mydral. Journal of Social Issues. 42:151-171;
5. McConahay, J.B. 1986. Modern racism, ambivalence, and the Modern Racism Scale in J. Dovidio and S. Gaertner (Eds.). Prejudice, discrimination, and racism: Theory and research: 91-124. New York: Academic Press,
6. Sears, D.O. 1988. Symbolic racism. In P.A. Katz and D.A. Taylor (Eds.), Eliminating racism: 53-84. New York: Plenum Press.
7. Eichenwald, K. 1996. Texaco to make reward payout in bias lawsuit. The New York Times. November 16:1, and 23.
8. For example, see Herbert, B. 1996. Workday racism. The New York Times. November 11:A15.
9. For example, see: Kerwin K. 1997. The smudgy legacy AT&T's new prez left behind. Business Week. February 3:36-37;
10. Smith, E.L., & Kelly, J. 1996. Jackson puts the push on Mitsubishi. Black Enterprise. August: 16.
11. The Commission is the federal agency charged with interpreting, administering, and enforcing laws to ensure all applicants and employees are treated similarly without regard to protected characteristics such as race.
12. See Cancio, A.S., Evans, T.D., & Maume, D.J. Jr. 1996. Reconsidering the declining significance of race: Racial differences in early career wages. American Sociological Review. 61:541-556.
13. Morrison, A.M. 1992. The new leaders. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
14. Also see, for example, Powell, G.N. and Butterfield, D.A. 1997. Effects of race on promotions to top management in a federal department. Academy of Management Journal. 40:112-128.
15. Lefkowitz, J. 1994. Race as a factor in job placement: Serendipitous findings of "ethnic drift." Personnel Psychology. 47:497-513.
16. Bendick, Jr., M. Jackson, C.W., & Reinoso, V.A. 1994. Measuring employment discrimination through controlled experiments, Review of Black Political Economy. 23:25-48.
17. Essed, P. 1991. Understanding everyday racism. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
18. Stone, E.F., Stone, D.L., & Dipboye, R.L. 1992. Stigmas in organizations: Race, handicaps, and physical unattractiveness. In K. Kelly (Ed.), Issues, theory, and research in industrial/ organizational psychology. Amsterdam, Holland: Elsevier Science Publishers.
19. Stone et al. 1992.
20. Stone et al. 1992.
21. See: Kinder 1986, McConahay 1986, and Sears 1988.
22. For example, see Kinder, D.H. & Sears, D.O. 1981. Prejudice and politics: Symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 40:414-431.
23. McConahay 1986.
24. Long, R. 1995. Cabbies told to pass up Black men. The Times-Picayune. November 2:A3.
25. Hayner, D., & Johnson, M.A. 1993. In the workplace, two perceptions. The Great Divide: Racial attitudes in Chicago, Chicago Sun-Times special reprint. 14-15. Chicago: The Chicago Community Trust.
26. Hayner & Johnson. 1993:14.
27. Watkins, S. 1993. Racism du jour at Shoney's. The Nation. October 18:424-428.
28. Watkins 1993:424.
29. Watkins 1993:427.
30. Barnard, C. 1938. The functions of the executive. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 225.
31. Barnard 1938:224.
32. For example, see: Essed 1991; and Thomas, Jr. R.R. 1991. Beyond race and gender. New York: American Management Association.
33. Loden, M., & Rosener, J.B. 1991. Workforce America: Managing employee diversity as a vital resource. Homewood, IL: Business One Irwin.
34. Quoted in Jones, E. W. 1973. What its like to be a Black manager. Harvard Business Review. 51:114.
35. Long 1995.
36. Such a compliance argument is developed in A.P. Brief, R.T. Buttram, and J.M. Dukerich. 1997. Collective corruption in the corporate world: Towards a process model in M.E. Turner (Ed.), Groups at work: Advances in theory and research. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.
37. Katz, R.L., & Kuhn, D. 1978. The social psychology of organizations. New York: Wiley.
38. Arendt, H. 1963. Eichmann in Jerusalem: A report on the banality of evil. New York: Viking Press: 289.
39. Arendt, H. 1978. The Jew as pariah. New York: Grove Press: 232.
40. Simon, H.A. 1945. Administrative behavior. New York: The Free Press: 133.
41. Quoted in Jackall, R. 1988. Moral mazes: The world of corporate managers. New York: Oxford University Press: 6.
42. Kelman, K.C., & Hamilton, V.L. 1989. Crimes of obedience: Toward a social psychology of authority and responsibility. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
43. For example, see: Frederiksen, N., Saunders, D.R., & Wand, B. 1957. The in-basket test. Psychological Monographs. 71. Whole No. 428.
44. Lopez, F.M. 1966. Evaluating executive decision making: The in-basket technique. AMA Research Study. No. 75. New York: American Management Association,
45. Thornton, G.C. 1992. Assessment centers in human resource management. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
46. McConahay, J.B., Bardee, B.B., & Batts, V. 1981. Has racism declined? It depends upon who's asking and what is asked. Journal of Conflict Resolution. 25:563-579.
47. Eichenwald, K. 1996. Records signal lawyer's role in Texaco suit. The New York Times. November 15: C1 and C2.
48. Also see: Wynter, L.E. 1996. Business and race. The Wall Street Journal. December 4: B1.
49. For example, see Hernstein, R.J. & Murray, C. 1994. The bell curve: Intelligence and class structure in American life. New York: The Free Press.
50. Deutsch, C.H. 1996. Corporate diversity inpractice. The New York Times. November 20: C1 and C15.
51. For example, see Chatman, J.A. 1989.Improving interactional organizational research: A model of person-organization fit. Academy of Management Review. 14:333-349.
52. Gaiter, D.J. 1996. How Shoney's belted by a lawsuit, found the path to diversity. The Wall Street Journal. April 16: A1 and A6.
53. Bollier, D. 1996. Aiming higher. New York: AMACOM.
54. Kelman and Hamilton. 1989.
55. For example, see: Thomas. 1991; Thomas, Jr. R.R. 1992. Managing diversity: A conceptual framework. In S.E. Jackson et al. (Eds.), Diversity in the Workplace. New York: The Guilford Press and Loden & Rosener. 1991.
56. For example, see: Holmes, S.A. 1996. Size of Texaco discrimination settlement could encourage more lawsuits. The New York Times. November 17:20;
57. Holmes, S.A. 1996. Boycotts rarely have impact on bottom line. The New York Times. November 15:A4.
58. See Swim, J.K., Aiken, K.J., Hall, W.S., & Hunter, B.A. 1995. Sexism and racism: Old-fashioned and modern prejudices. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 68:199-214.
59. Pettigrew, T.F., & Meertens, R.W. 1995. Subtle and blatant prejudice in Western Europe. European Journal of Social Psychology. 25:57-75.
60. Brief, A.P., Dukerich, J.M., Brown, P., & Brett, J. 1996. What's wrong with the Treadway Commission Report? Experimental analyses of the effects of personal values and codes of conduct on fraudulent financial reporting. Journal of Business Ethics. 15:183-198.