Strategy for safe use of fungi and fungal derivatives in food processing

Revue de Medecine Veterinaire

Volumn 149, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 493-500

  Le Bars, J ^a   Le Bars, P ^a  

^a CEMAGREF   (France)

Author keywords

Food industry; Fungal starters; Mycotoxins; Prevention

Indexed keywords

EID: 0009873757     PISSN: 00351555     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. ADAMS E., TODD G. and GIBSON W. : Long-term toxicity of mycophenolic acid in rabbits. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 1975, 34, 509-512.
2. Anonymous : Enzyme preparation. In Toxicological evaluation of food additives. WHO Food Additives Series, 1988, 22, 1-31, Cambridge Univ. Press.
3. Anonymous : Arrêté du 06/09/89 relatif à l'emploi de préparations enzymatiques dans la fabrication de certaines denrées et boissons destinées à l'alimentation humaine. J. Off. Répub. Fr., 01/10/1989.
4. Anonymous : Categorization of pathogens according to hazard. Advisory Committee on dangerous pathogens , 1990, HMSO Pub. Centre, London.
5. Anonymous : Liste des espèces microbiennes communément reconnues comme pathogénes pour l'Homme. AFNOR. 1990, 42-040, AFNOR, Paris.
6. Anonymous : Arrêté du 18/07/94 fixant la liste des agents biologiques pathogènes. J. Off. Répub. Fr. 30/07/1994.
7. Anonymous : Revised inventory of processing aids. In Joint FAO/WHO Food standards Programme, Codex Alimentarius Commission, session 21, Rome 3-8/07/1995, 63-67 Alinorm 95/12A, FAO Rome.
8. Anonymous : Chemical contaminants. In Application of risk analysis to food standard issues. Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert consultation, 13-17/03/1995, Genève, WHO Genève.
9. ARNOLD D.L., SCOTT P.M., McGUIRE P.E., HARWIG H. and NEVA E.A : Acute toxicity studies on roquefortine and PR toxin, metabolites of Penicillium roqueforti, in the mouse. Food. Cosmet. Toxicol., 1978, 16, 369-371.
10. BARBESGAARD P., HELDT-HANSEN H.P. and DIDERICHSEN B. : On the safety of Aspergillus oryzae : a review. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 1992, 36, 569-572.
11. BLANC P.J., LAUSSAC J.P., LE BARS J., LE BARS P., LORET M.O., PAREILLEUX A., PROME D., PROME J.C., SANTERRE A.L. and GOMA G. : Characterization of monascidin A from Monascus as citrinin. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 1995, 27, 201-213.
12. CARTER S.B., FRANKLIN T.J., JONES D.F., LEONARD B.J., MILLS S.D., TURNER R.W. and TURNER W.B. : Mycophenolic acid : anti-cancer compound with unusual properties. Nature, 1969, 233, 848-850.
13. CIEGLER A., BECKWITH A.C. and JACKSON L.K. : Teratogenicity of patulin and patulin adducts with cysteine. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1976, 31, 664-667.
14. DORNER J.W., COLE R.J., LOMAX L.G., GOSSER H.S. and DIENER U.L. : Cyclopiazonic acid production by Aspergillus flavus and its effects on broiler chickens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1983, 46, 698-703.
15. ENGEL G. and TEUBER M : Toxic metabolites from fungal cheese starter cultures (Penicillium camemberti and P. roqueforti). In «Mycotoxins in dairy products», VAN EGMOND (H.P)., Elsevier Appl. Sci., London & N.Y., 1989, p. 163-192.
16. ENGEL G. VON MILCZEWSKI K.E., PROKOPEK D. and TEUBER M. : Strain specific synthesis of mycophenolic acid by Penicillium roqueforti in blue-veined cheese. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1982, 43, 1034-1040.
17. bis. -FAUS I, PATINO C, DEL RIO J.L., DEL MORAL C, BARROSO H.S., BLADE J. and RUBIO V. : Expression of a synthetic gene encoding the sweet-tasting protein thaumatin in the filamentous fungus Penicillium roquefortii. Biotechnology Letters, 1997, 19, 1185-1191.
18. FERON G., BONNARME P. and DURAND A. : Prospects for the microbial production of food flavours. Trends in Food Sci. Technol., 1996, 7, 285-293.
19. FLORENT J. : Les moisissures, importance économique, In Microbiologie industrielle J.Y. LEVEAU and M. BOUIX , Lavoisier Paris, 1993, 152-168.
20. GIBBS J.N. and KAHAN S.J. : Biotechnology and the food : leaping the regulatory hurdles. Biotechnology, 1986, 4, 199-205.
21. HINTON D.M., MORRISSEY R.E., NORRED W.P., COLE R.J. and DORNER J. : Effects of cyclopiazonic acid on the ultrastructure of rat liver. Toxicol. Lett., 1985, 25, 211-218.
22. HOLZAPFEL C.W. : The isolation and structure of cyclopiazonic acid, a toxic metabolite of Penicillium cyclopium Westling. Tetrahedron, 1968, 24, 2101-2119.
23. JAMES J.A. and LEE B.H. : Glucoamylases : microbial sources, industrial application and molecular biology. A review. J. Food Biochem., 1997, 21, 1-52.
24. JONES E.L., EPINETTE W.W., HACKNEY V.C., MANENDEZ L. and FROST P. : Treatment of psoriasis with oral mycophenolic acid. J. Invest. Dermatol., 1973, 60, 246.
25. KHERA K.S., COLE R.J., WHALEN C. and DORNER J. : Embryotoxicity study on cyclopiazonic acid in mice. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 1985, 34, 423-426.
26. LAFONT P., DEBEAUPUIS J.P., GAILLARDIN M. and PAYEN J. : Production of mycophenolic acid by Penicillium roqueforti strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1979, 37, 365-368.
27. LAFONT P., SIRIWARDANA M.G., COMBEMALE J. and LAFONT J. : Mycophenolic acid in marketed cheeses. Food. Cosmet. Toxicol., 1979, 17, 147-149. bis. -LARPENT-GOURGAUD M. and SANGLIER J.J. : Biotechnologies, Principes et Méthodes, 668 pages, Doin Editeurs, Paris, 1992.
28. LAFONT P., SIRIWARDANA M.G., COMBEMALE J. and LAFONT J. : Mycophenolic acid in marketed cheeses. Food. Cosmet. Toxicol., 1979, 17, 147-149. bis. -LARPENT-GOURGAUD M. and SANGLIER J.J. : Biotechnologies, Principes et Méthodes, 668 pages, Doin Editeurs, Paris, 1992.
29. LE BARS J. : Les moisissures productrices de toxines. In Les groupes microbiens d'intérêt laitier J. HERMIER, J. LENOIR et F. WEBER., CEPIL, Paris, 1992, 509-538.
30. LE BARS J. : Cyclopiazonic acid bioproduction by Penicillium camemberti Thom. Effect of temperature on individual strains. Ann. Rech. Vét., 1979, 10, 601-602.
31. LE BARS J. : Cyclopiazonic acid production by Penicillium camemberti Thom and natural occurrence of this mycotoxin in cheese. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1979, 38, 1052-1055.
32. LE BARS J. : Facteurs favorisant la production d'acide pénicillique par le Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium dans les denréevs alimentaires. Ann. Rech. Vét., 1980, 11, 321-326.
33. LE BARS J. : Facteurs de l'accumulation d'acide pénicillique dans les denrées d'origine végétale. Sci. Aliments, 1982, 2 (h.s II), 29-33.
34. LE BARS J., GRIPPON J.C. and VASSAL L. : Contamination des fromages à pâte molle par l'acide cyclopiazonique, sa prévention. C.R. Contrat DGRST n° 80 G 0910, 1983.
35. LE BARS J., GRIPPON J.C. and VASSAL L. : Production d'acide cyclopiazonique dans des fromages en fonction des souches de Penicillium camemberti et des conditions de maturation. Microbiol Alim. Nutr., 1988, 6, 337-343.
36. LE BARS J. : Toxigenesis as a fonction of the ecological conditions of the grain/microorganisms system. In "Preservation and storage of grains, seeds and their by-products", J.L.MULTON, Lavoisier pub. New York, Paris, 1988, 347-366
37. LIEU F.Y. and BULLERMAN L.B. : Production and stability of aflaoxins, penicillic acid and patulin in several substrates. J. Food Sci., 1977, 42, 1222-1224.
38. LIEU F.Y. and BULLERMAN L.B. : Binding of patulin and penicillic acide to glutathione and cysteine and toxicity of the resulting adducts. Milchwissensch., 1978, 33, 16-20.
39. LOMAX L.G., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : The toxicity of cyclopiazonic acid in weaned pigs. Vet. Pathol., 1984, 21, 418-424.
40. McNAMARA S.H. : PDA regulation of food substances produced by new technniques of biotechnology. Food Drug Cosmetic Law J., 1987, 42, 50-64.
41. MOREAU C. : Les moisissures. In Microbiologie alimentaire, C.M. BOURGEOIS et J.P. LARPENT, Tome 2, Lavoisier (Paris, Londres, New-York), 1996, 53-72.
42. MOREAU S., GAUDEMER A., LABLACHE-COMBIER A. and BIGUET J. : Métabolites de Penicillium roqueforti : PR toxine et métabolites associés. Tetrahedron Lett., 1976, 11, 833-834.
43. MORRISSEY R.E., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : The effects of cyclopiazonic acid on pregnancy and fetal development of Fischer rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health., 1984, 14, 585-594.
44. MORRISSEY R.E., NORRED W.P., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : Toxicity of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid to Sprague Dawley rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol, 1985, 77, 94-107.
45. NISHIE K., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : Toxicity and neuropharmacology of cyclopiazonic acid. Food Chem. Toxicol., 1985, 23, 831-839.
46. NISHIE K., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : Effects of cyclopiazonic acid on the contractility of organs with smooth muscles and on frog ventricles. Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol., 1986, 53, 23-37.
47. NISHIE K., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : Toxic effects of cyclopiazonic acid in the relay phase of pregnancy in mice. Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol., 1987, 55, 303-315.
48. NISHIE K., PORTER J.K., COLE R.J. and DORNER J.W. : Neurochemical and pharmacological effects of cyclopiazonic acid, chlorpromazine and reserpine. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiat. Behavior, 1985, 10, 291-302.
49. NORRED W.P., MORRISSEY R.E., RILEY R.T., COLE R J. and DORNER J.W. : Distribution, excretion and skeletal muscle effects of the mycotoxin 14C cyclopiazonic acid in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol., 1985, 23, 1069-1076.
50. OHMOMO S., SATO T., UTAGAWA T. and ABE M. : Isolation of festuclavine and three new indole alkaloids, roquefortine A, B and C from the cultures of Penicillium roqueforti. Agr. Bio. Chem., 1975, 39, 1333-1334.
51. OLIVIGNI F.J. and BULLERMAN L.B. : Simultaneous production of penicillic acid and patulin by a Penicillium species isolated from Cheddar cheese. J. Food. Sci., 1977, 42, 1654-1665.
52. OLIVIGNI F.J. and BULLERMAN L.B. : Production of penicillic acid and patulin by an atypical Penicillium roqueforti isolate. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1978, 35, 435-438.
53. ORTH R. : Mycotoxins of Aspergillus oryzae strains for use in the food industry as starters and enzyme producing molds. Ann. Nutr. Alim., 1978, 31, 617-624.
54. ORTH R. : PR-production of Penicillium roqueforti strains. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1976, 160, 131-136.
55. O'TOOLE D.K. : The role of microorganisms in soy sauce production. Adv. Appl. Microbiol, 1997, 45, 87-151.
56. PIVA M.T., GUIRAUD J., CROUZET J. and GALZY P. : Influence des conditions de culture sur l'excrétion d'une mycotoxine par quelques souches de P. roqueforti. Le Lait, 1976, 56, 397-406.
57. PURCHASE I.F.H. : The acute toxicity of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid to rats. Toxicol Appl. Pharmacol., 1971, 18, 114-123
58. SCHOCH U., LUTHY J. and SCHLATTER C. : 1983 in «Mycotoxins in dairy products», VAN EGMOND H.P., Elsevier Appl. Sci., London & N.Y., 1989, p. 163-192.
59. SCOTT P.M. and KANHERE S.R. : Instability of PR toxin in blue cheese. J. Ass. Off. Anal. Chem., 1979, 62, 141-147.
60. SCOTT P.M. and KENNEDY B.P.C : Analysis of blue cheese for roquefortine and other alkaloids from Penicillium roqueforti. J. Agric. Fd. Chem., 1976, 24, 365-368.
61. SCOTT P.M., KENNEDY B.P.C., HARWIG J. and BLANCHFIELD B.J. : Study of conditions for production of roquefortine and other metabolites of Penicillium roqueforli. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1977, 33, 249-253.
62. SCOTT P.M., MERRIEN M.A. and POLONSKY J. : Roquefortine and isofumigaclavine A, metabolites from Penicillium roqueforti. Experientia, 1976, 32, 140-142.
63. SCOTT P.M. : Toxins of Penicillium species used in cheese manufacture. J. Food Protection, 1981, 44, 702-710.
64. SORENSON W.G., TUCKER J.D. and SIMPSON J.P. : Mutagenicity of the tetramic mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1984, 1355-1357.
65. STEYN P.S. : The biosynthesis of mycotoxins, 432 pages, Acad. Press, 1980.
66. STILL P., ECKARD TC. and LEISTNER L. : Building von cyclopiazonsaure durch Penicillium camemberti isolate von kase. Fleischwirtschaften, 1978, 58, 876-877.
67. TURNER W.B. : Fungal metabolites, 426 pages, Acad. Press, 1971.
68. TURNER W.B. and ALRIDGE D.C. : Fungal metabolites II. 631 pages, Acad. Press, 1983.
69. VAN RENSBURG S.J. : Subacute toxicity of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid. Food Chem. Toxicol., 1984, 22, 993-998.
70. WARE G.M., THORPE C.W. and POHLAND A.E. : Determination of roquefortine in blue cheese and blue cheese dressing by high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and electrochemical detectors. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 1980, 63, 637-641.
71. WEHNER F.C., THIEL P.G., VAN RENSBURG S.J. and DEMASIUS I.P.C. : Mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium of some Aspergillus and Penicillium mycotoxins. Mutation Res., 1978, 58, 193.
72. WEI R.D. and LIU G.X. : PR toxin production in different Penicillium roqueforti strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1978, 35, 797-799.
73. WEI R.D., STILL P.E, SMALLEY E.B, SCHNOES H.K and STRONG F.M : Isolation and partial characterization of a mycotoxin from Penicillium roqueforti. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1973, 25, 111-114.
74. WILSON B.J : Miscellaneous Penicillium toxins. In Microbial Toxins, vol. 6, A. CIEGLER, S. KADIS, S.J. AJL., Acad. Press, New York, 1971, 460-469.