Laser-stimulated desorption from surfaces

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science

Volumn 1, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 622-629

  Al Shamery, Katharina ^a   Freund, Hans Joachim ^a  

^a FRITZ HABER INSTITUT DER MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0009593295     PISSN: 13590286     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-0286(96)80043-X     Document Type: Article

References (42)

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6. Szymonski M, Postawa Z (Eds): Desorption induced by electronic transitions, DIET VI.In Nucl lnstrum Meth Phys Res (special issue) 1995, 101:1-230.
7. Dai HL, Ho W (Eds): Laser Spectroscopy and Photochemistry on Metal Surfaces. World Scientific Publishing Co: 1995: Parts I and II. [Cheuk-Yiu Ng (Series Editor): Adv Ser Phys Chem, vol 5.] Two volumes of this excellent book contain 29 chapters written by established experimentalists and theoreticians on the field of laser spectroscopy and photochemistry on metal surfaces. The topics range from linear and nonlinear methods, real time spectroscopy on energy transfer dynamics, to investigations of laser-induced desorption and photochemistry. Each article starts with a basic and easy to read introduction followed by a summary of the main developments up to 1993.
8. Hicks JM, Ho W, Dai H-L (Eds): Laser Techniques for Surface Science II, Proceedings of the SPIE's OE/Laser 95 Conference 1995; Washington.Washington, DC: SPIE/the International Society of Optical Engineering; 1995. These conference proceedings give a good insight into the most recent progress on topics such as ultrafast energy relaxation and surface femtochemistry, desorption dynamics and photochemistry as well as adsorbate spectroscopy using linear and nonlinear optical methods in 1994 and 1995. New results on the growing field of liquids and biological surfaces are also presented.
9. Miller RJD, Tully JC (Eds):Surface reaction dynamics. Chem Phys (special issue) 1996, 205:1-276. [Hochstrasser RM, Hofacker GL (Journal Editors): Chem Phys] This special issue of Chemical Physics represents an update and synopsis of the current status of the field of surface reaction dynamics in 1996. Key issues treated include energy redistribution processes, barrier crossing dynamics focusing on the question of which vibrational modes of the adsorbate couple to the reaction coordinate, the differences of solid-liquid interfaces in comparison to solid-gas interfaces; and the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom across interfaces of metals and semiconductors. Model studies under ultrahigh vacuum conditions are presented as well as insitu measurements.
10. Okiji A, Murata Y, Makoshi K, Kasai H (Eds): International Symposium on Dynamical Quantum Processes on Solid Surfaces DQPSS'95. Surf Sci (special issue) 1996, 363:1-456. This special issue of Surface Science is recommended to anyone interested in progress on all aspects of dynamical quantum processes on solid surfaces within the years 1995 and 1996.
11. Watanabe K, Sawabe K, Matsumoto Y: Adsorbate-localized excitation in surface photochemistry: methane on Pt(111). Phys Rev Lett 1996, 76:1751-1754.
12. Menzel D: Thirty years of MGR: how it came about, and what came of it Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res B 1995, 101:1-10. This retrospective view by one of the fathers of the MGR model describing electronically stimulated desorption gives an entertaining, but at the same time instructive, view of the model so familiar to everybody in the field and on the developments which the model initiated. The article demonstrates that even 30 years after the development of the model it has not lost any of its strength.
13. 2 photodesorption from Ag(110)? Surf Sci 1996, 347:346-354. The important, but largely neglected, issue in surface reaction dynamics in chemisorption systems of the interaction between nascent reaction products and neighboring adsorbates is addressed. In the system presented 'hot' oxygen atoms are created during photodissociation of surface dioxygen. The atoms interact with co-adsorbed molecules aligned in the troughs on Ag(110) as on a one-dimensional 'billiard table' to cause photodesorption of molecular oxygen.
14. Zenobi R: Insitu analysis of surfaces and mixtures by laser desorption mass spectrometry. Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Proc 1995, 145:51-77.
15. 2 on LiF(001). The desorbing NO molecules are detected state selectively. The high vibrational excitation of the desorbing NO is related to a de-excitation process after a direct excitation; the de-excitation process on the surface leaves one NO in the electronic ground state and the other NO in an electronically excited state with a large ON-NO distance. The energy distribution in the rotational and translational degrees of freedom are rationalized by assuming differing equilibrium geometries between the ground and excited state.
16. 2 surface at 248 nm. Chem Phys Lett 1996, 250:342-348.
17. 2(110) is presented using state-of-the-art quantum state resolved methods. Internal state and angular distributions of the desorbing methyl fragments and iodine atoms show differences to gas phase photochemistry and indicate the presence of multiple adsorption phases.
18. Lu PH, Lasky PJ, Yang QY, Osgood RM Jr: Dynamics of hot electron transfer in oriented methyl halides on GaAs(110). Chem Phys 1996, 205:143-158.
19. 3 photodesorbed from Cu(111) at 6.4 eV. Chem Phys 1996, 205:205-219. Results on internal quantum state distributions after UV-laser induced desorption of ammonia from Cu(111) are discussed. As the spectroscopy of larger molecules is complex such studies are still quite rare. The data give new insight into energy transfer processes involving more than one molecular degree of freedom.
20. 3/Cu(111) are presented revealing a strong coverage and unusual high isotope dependence.
21. 3(0001). It demonstrates what we can learn from measurements of the alignment of angular momentum of desorbing molecules, of changes of adsorbate geometry during the excitation process, and of the involvement of other molecular degrees of freedom than the molecule-surface bond.
22. Ishikawa K, Kanasaki J, Nakai Y, Itoh N: Laser-induced bond breaking of the adatoms of the Si(111)-7x7 surface. Surf Sci 1996, 349:L153-L158. The authors present results on adatom desorption from Si(111)-7x7 using scanning tunneling microscopy. Such a combination of laser technology with atomic resolution probes on surfaces will stimulate significant developments within the field.
23. Haight R: Electron dynamics at surfaces. Surf Sci Rep 1995, 21:275-325. Experimental results on different aspects of electron dynamics at surfaces such as electron-electron scattering, electron-phonon scattering, diffusion, recombination and surface trapping are reviewed. The review gives a good insight into the main developments within this very quickly growing field.
24. Knoesel E, Hertel T, Wolf M, Ertl G: Femtosecond dynamics of electronic excitations of adsorbates studied by two-photon photoemission pulse correlation: CO/Cu(111). Chem Phys Lett 1995, 240:409-416. To follow the main step of laser induced desorption, the coupling of a hot charge carrier to an adsorbate, in real time is one of the most pressing topics today. This article presents the very first results for the system CO/Cu(111). As the process is fast, only the limits for the lifetime of the excited state can be obtained from two-photon-photoemission spectroscopy due to laser pulse width limitations.
25. Cavanagh RR, Germer TA, Stephenson JC: Ultrafast time-resolved infrared probing of energy transfer at surfaces. Vib Spectrosc 1995, 9:77-83. These established authors use picosecond and femtosecond IR techniques to characterize vibrational energy transfer rates after UV, visible and IR excitation of the systems CO/Pt(111) and CO/Cu(100). The differences of the systems are discussed in this very comprehensive paper and compared to theoretical model calculations.
26. Culver JP, Li M, Sun Z-J, Hochstrasser RM, Yodh AG: Temperature-dependent coupling of low frequency adsorbate vibrations to metal substrate electrons. Chem Phys 1996, 205:159-166. This interesting work presents studies on the vibrational energy transfer between the CO low frequency frustrated translation and metal substrate electrons of Cu(111) following femtosecond visible pulse excitation of the substrate. Emphasis is placed on the fluence dependence and the related temperature dependence of the process.
27. 2 photodesorbed from Pt(111) as a function of laser fluence and thus substrate electronic temperature.
28. 2 and CO on Pt(111) is presented. A very systematic change of laser pulse duration from 80 fs to 3.6 ps and wavelength from 267 to 800 nm is the particular strength of the paper.
29. +, and CO* desorption explain the energy thresholds and the fluence dependencies of the incident laser in the photostimulated desorption experiments.
30. 8- embedded in a Madelung potential to be used to obtain very reliable results.
31. Saalfrank P: Photodesorption of neutrals from metal surfaces: a wave packet study. Chem Phys 1995, 193:119-139.
32. Chakrabarti N, Balasubramanian V, Sathyamurthy N, Gadzuk JW: Photoinduced desorption in NO/Pt: a time-dependent quantum mechanical study. Chem Phys Lett 1995, 242:490-498.
33. Harris SM, Holloway S, Darling GR: Hot electron mediated photodesorption: a time-dependent approach applied to NO/Pt(111). J Chem Phys 1995, 102:8235-8248. An innovative theoretical approach to the desorption dynamics of small molecules is presented in this paper for a system simulating NO desorption from Pt(111). In contrast to previous treatments excitation and relaxation steps are modeled together. The motion of the molecule and the hot electron generated in the substrate which resonates with an unoccupied molecular orbital of the adsorbate are treated on an equal footing.
34. Hintender M, Rebentrost F, Gerber RB, Kosloff R: Molecular dynamics simulation of the photodissociation of adsorbed HCL on a MgO(001) surface. J Chem Phys 1995, 102:578-584. Surface photochemical reactions are rather complex. Thus theoretical treatments are difficult and therefore very valuable. Such a detailed study using classical molecular dynamics is presented for the photodissociation dynamics of HCI/MgO(001) by the authors. A quantum effect is accounted for by taking the hydrogen coordinates and momenta in the initial state from a vibrational ground state wave function. The authors show that due to multiple collisions with the surface and the chlorine, the hydrogen can lose more than 3.5 eV of its 4.7 eV excess energy.
35. 3F molecules physisorbed on NaCl(100) using a 2D model and classical chaotic dynamics. The advantage of this method is that the time dependence of such an infrequent process as vibrational predesorption can be easily treated on much longer time scales than within usual quantum mechanical calculations. The presence of dynamical barriers in the phase space are revealed in multiple peaks which appear in the calculated time of flight spectra.
36. Dzegilenko FN, Herbst E: Effect of coupling between frustrated translation and libration on the nonthermal desorption of physisorbed CO: three-dimensional quantum calculations. J Chem Phys 1996, 104:6330-6337.
37. Stace AJ: Can a molecule on a solid surface undergo a true (RRKM) unimolecular reaction?. Chem Phys 1996, 205:153-158.
38. Brandbyge M, Hedegaard P, Heinz TF, Misewich JA, Newns DM: Electronically driven adsorbate excitation in femtosecond-pulse laser desorption. Phys Rev B: Condens Matter 1995, 52:6042-6056. The authors are leaders in the field of model developments to describe femtosecond-pulse laser desorption. How energy is transferred by a subpicosecond temperature pulse on the order of 5000K in the substrate-adsorbate electron system to the adsorbate center-of-mass degree of freedom by a direct coupling mechanism is treated via an effective electronic friction and an associated fluctuating force.
39. Springer C, Head-Gordon M: Simulations of the femtosecond laser-induced desorption of CO from Cu(100) at 0.5 ML coverage. Chem Phys 1996, 205:73-89. The purpose of this elaborate paper is to investigate the effect of coverage on desorption yield, properties of the desorbed molecules, and the mechanism of femtosecond laser-induced desorption for the system CO/Cu(100). The authors use a multidimensional generalization of the frictional model in which the frictional kernel is evaluated by electronic structure calculations.
40. Ogawa S, Petek H: Femtosecond dynamics of hot-electrons at clean Cu(110) and Cu(100) surfaces. InLaser Techniques for Surface Science II, Proceedings of the SPIES OE/Laser 95 Conference: 1995; Washington; Edited by Hicks JM, Ho W, Dai H-L Washington, DC: SPIE; 1995:73-84. The authors present state of the art measurements on the femtosecond dynamics of hot-electron relaxation in Cu(110) and Cu(100) using laser pulses <15 fs in two-photon time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The dependence of hot-electron thermalization by electron-electron scattering is studied as a function of laser polarization and photon energy. The population decay rates are 6.5 times slower than those predicted by the Fermi liquid theory.
41. Germer TA, Stephenson JC, Heilweil EJ, Cavanagh RR: Picosecond time-resolved adsorbate response to substrate heating: spectroscopy and dynamics of CO/Cu(100). J Chem Phys 1994, 101:1704-1716. The authors present thorough time-resolved experiments on the infrared response of the CO stretch mode of CO/Cu(100) to heating of the substrate under static and transient temperature conditions. Transient frequency shifts of this mode are shown to result from rapid increase and decrease of the population of the frustrated translation to which the CO stretching is anharmonically coupled. The results are consistent with models based on an elastic continuum model of vibrational coupling, but disagree with models relating the change of surface reflectivity or electrical resistance to damping of the frustrated translation.
42. Tully JC, Gomez M, Head-Gordon M: Electronic and phonon mechanisms of vibrational relaxation: CO on Cu(100). J Vac Sci Technol A 1993, 11:1914-1920.