Global capitalism and the state

International Affairs

Volumn 73, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 427-452

  Scholte, Jan Aart ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 0007715160     PISSN: 00205850     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2624266     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. J. Naisbitt, Global paradox: the bigger the world economy, the more powerful its smallest players (London: Brealey, 1994); K. Ohmae, The end of the nation state: the rise of regional economies (London: HarperCollins, 1995).
2. J. Naisbitt, Global paradox: the bigger the world economy, the more powerful its smallest players (London: Brealey, 1994); K. Ohmae, The end of the nation state: the rise of regional economies (London: HarperCollins, 1995).
3. Cf. R. B. Reich, The work of nations: preparing ourselves for 21st-century capitalism (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991); and several contributions to the special issue, 'What future for the state?', Daedalus 124, Spring 1995.
4. Cf. R. B. Reich, The work of nations: preparing ourselves for 21st-century capitalism (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991); and several contributions to the special issue, 'What future for the state?', Daedalus 124, Spring 1995.
5. See in particular P. Hirst and G.Thompson, Globalisation in question: the international economy and the possibilities of governance (Cambridge: Polity, 1996); W. Ruigrok and R. van Tulder, The logic of international restructuring (London: Routledge, 1995); J. Zysman, 'The myth of a "global" economy: enduring national foundations and emerging regional realities', New Political Economy 1, July 1996, pp. 157-84; R. Boyer and D. Drache, eds, States against markets: the limits of globalization (London: Routledge, 1996).
6. See in particular P. Hirst and G.Thompson, Globalisation in question: the international economy and the possibilities of governance (Cambridge: Polity, 1996); W. Ruigrok and R. van Tulder, The logic of international restructuring (London: Routledge, 1995); J. Zysman, 'The myth of a "global" economy: enduring national foundations and emerging regional realities', New Political Economy 1, July 1996, pp. 157-84; R. Boyer and D. Drache, eds, States against markets: the limits of globalization (London: Routledge, 1996).
7. See in particular P. Hirst and G.Thompson, Globalisation in question: the international economy and the possibilities of governance (Cambridge: Polity, 1996); W. Ruigrok and R. van Tulder, The logic of international restructuring (London: Routledge, 1995); J. Zysman, 'The myth of a "global" economy: enduring national foundations and emerging regional realities', New Political Economy 1, July 1996, pp. 157-84; R. Boyer and D. Drache, eds, States against markets: the limits of globalization (London: Routledge, 1996).
8. See in particular P. Hirst and G.Thompson, Globalisation in question: the international economy and the possibilities of governance (Cambridge: Polity, 1996); W. Ruigrok and R. van Tulder, The logic of international restructuring (London: Routledge, 1995); J. Zysman, 'The myth of a "global" economy: enduring national foundations and emerging regional realities', New Political Economy 1, July 1996, pp. 157-84; R. Boyer and D. Drache, eds, States against markets: the limits of globalization (London: Routledge, 1996).
9. S.D. Krasner, 'Economic interdependence and independent statehood', in R. H. Jackson and A. James, eds, States in a changing world: a contemporary analysis (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993), p. 318.
10. M. Mann, 'Nation-states in Europe and other continents: diversifying, developing, not dying', Daedalus 122, Summer 1993, pp. 115-40; also M. Shaw, Global society and international relations: sociological concepts and political perspectives (Cambridge: Polity, 1994).
11. M. Mann, 'Nation-states in Europe and other continents: diversifying, developing, not dying', Daedalus 122, Summer 1993, pp. 115-40; also M. Shaw, Global society and international relations: sociological concepts and political perspectives (Cambridge: Polity, 1994).
12. S. Strange, The retreat of the state: the diffusion of power in the world economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
13. P. G. Cerny, The changing architecture of politics: structure, agency, and the future of the state (London: Sage, 1989), p. 205 and ch. 8 passim.
14. Cf. S. Picciotto, 'The internationalisation of the state', Capital & Class 43, Spring 1991, pp. 43-63; R. W. Cox, 'Structural issues of global governance', in S. Gill, ed., Gramsci, historical materialism, and international relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp. 259-89.
15. Cf. S. Picciotto, 'The internationalisation of the state', Capital & Class 43, Spring 1991, pp. 43-63; R. W. Cox, 'Structural issues of global governance', in S. Gill, ed., Gramsci, historical materialism, and international relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp. 259-89.
16. In the present writing 'capitalism' describes not 'private enterprise' nor 'market economies' so much as that situation where production is predominantly organized around processes of surplus accumulation. Under capitalism much economic activity - especially that controlled by the more powerful circles in society - is directed at building up ever greater stores of resources in excess of subsistence needs. The drive to accumulate surplus is prone to encourage both perpetual competition among capitalists and a highly unequal distribution of surplus value across the population at large.
17. See especially Scholte, Globalisation: a critical introduction (London: Macmillan, forthcoming); 'Beyond the buzzword: towards a critical theory of globalization', in E. Kofman and G.Youngs, eds, Globalization theory and practice (London: Pinter, 1996), pp. 43-57; 'The geography of collective identities in a globalizing world', Review of International Political Economy 3, Winter 1996, pp. 565-607.
18. See especially Scholte, Globalisation: a critical introduction (London: Macmillan, forthcoming); 'Beyond the buzzword: towards a critical theory of globalization', in E. Kofman and G.Youngs, eds, Globalization theory and practice (London: Pinter, 1996), pp. 43-57; 'The geography of collective identities in a globalizing world', Review of International Political Economy 3, Winter 1996, pp. 565-607.
19. See especially Scholte, Globalisation: a critical introduction (London: Macmillan, forthcoming); 'Beyond the buzzword: towards a critical theory of globalization', in E. Kofman and G.Youngs, eds, Globalization theory and practice (London: Pinter, 1996), pp. 43-57; 'The geography of collective identities in a globalizing world', Review of International Political Economy 3, Winter 1996, pp. 565-607.
20. I elaborate these points in Scholte, Globalisation: a critical introduction.
21. K. Marx, Grundrisse:foundations of the critique of political economy (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973 [1857-8]), pp. 524, 539.
22. UNCTAD, Globalization and liberalization: development in the face of two powerful currents. Report of the Secretary-General of UNCTAD to the Ninth Session of the Conference (Geneva: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 1996), p. 4.
23. R. J. Barnet and J. Cavanagh, Global dreams: imperial corporations and the new world order (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), p. 170.
24. Cf. L. Sklair, Sociology of the global system (Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1995), 2nd edn.
25. M. E. Porter, ed., Competition in global industries (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1986), p. 44.
26. Financial Times, 18 Jan. 1996, p. 1.
27. Bill Gates, The road ahead (London:Viking, 1995), p. 158.
28. Wall Street Journal, 26 Sept. 1996, p. R1.
29. Financial Times, 3 July 1996, p. 4.
30. Cited in Naisbitt, Global paradox, p. 19.
31. J. C. Abegglen, Sea change: Pacific Asia as the new world industrial center (New York: Free Press, 1994), p. 26.
32. R. D. Haas, 'The corporation without boundaries', in M. Ray and A. Rinzler, eds, The new paradigm in business: emerging strategies for leadership and organizational change (New York: Tarcher/Perigee, 1993), p. 103.
33. See, e.g. R. Nader et al. The case against free trade: GATT, NAFTA, and the globalization of corporate power (San Francisco: Earth Island Press, 1993); J. Brecher and T. Costello, Global village or global pillage: economic reconstruction from the bottom up (Boston, MA: South End Press, 1994).
34. See, e.g. R. Nader et al. The case against free trade: GATT, NAFTA, and the globalization of corporate power (San Francisco: Earth Island Press, 1993); J. Brecher and T. Costello, Global village or global pillage: economic reconstruction from the bottom up (Boston, MA: South End Press, 1994).
35. Elaborated in Scholte, Globalisation: a critical introduction.
36. K. Schwab and C. Smadja, 'Start taking the backlash against globalization seriously', International Herald Tribune, 2 Feb. 1996.
37. D. Tober, 'One world - one vision for business', in S. Bushrui et al., eds, Transition to a global society (Oxford: Oneworld, 1993), p. 105.
38. UNCTAD, Transnational corporations and world development (London: International Thomson Business Press, 1996), p. ix.
39. Financial Times, 29 Jan. 1996, p. 22.
40. J. H. Dunning, The globalization of business: the challenge of the 1990s (London: Routledge, 1993), p. 15; R. Harvey, The return of the strong: the drift to global disorder (London: Macmillan, 1995), p. 189.
41. J. H. Dunning, The globalization of business: the challenge of the 1990s (London: Routledge, 1993), p. 15; R. Harvey, The return of the strong: the drift to global disorder (London: Macmillan, 1995), p. 189.
42. Strategy 2000 : the way ahead for the WBCSD (Geneva: World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 1996).
43. International banking and financial market developments (Basle: Bank for International Settlements, 1996), Annex I.
44. Cf. E. Helleiner, States and the re-emergence of global finance: from Bretton Woods to the 1900s (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994).
45. Financial Times, 11 March 1996, p. 1, citing Bank for International Settlements.
46. Financial Times, 1 March 1996, p. 7.
47. D. S. G. Goodman and G. Segal, eds, China deconstructs: politics, trade and regionalism (London: Routledge, 1994).
48. Financial Times, 26 March 1997, p. 6.
49. T. J. Sinclair, 'Passing judgement: credit rating processes as regulatory mechanisms of governance in the emerging world order', Review of International Political Economy 1, Spring 1994, pp. 133-59.
50. A. Courtenay, 'Washed and brushed up', The Banker, Oct. 1996, p. 72.
51. S. Roberts, 'Fictitious capital, fictitious spaces: the geography of offshore financial flows', in S. Corbridge et al. , eds, Money, power and space (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994), p. 97.
52. UNCTAD, Globalization and liberalization: development in the face of two powerful currents. Report of the Secretary-General of UNCTAD to the Ninth Session of the Conference (Geneva: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 1996), ICIa22.
53. Cox, 'Structural issues of global governance', p. 260.
54. H-H. Holm and G. Sorensen, 'International relations theory in a world of variation', in Holm and Sørensen, eds, Whose world order? Uneven globalization and the end of the Cold War (Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview, 1995), p. 204.
55. This hypothesis seems more convincing than the alternative claim that the decline of warfare relates to the liberal-democratic character of domestic politics: cf. M. Doyle, 'Liberalism and world politics', American Political Science Review 80, Dec. 1986, pp. 1151-69.
56. Cf. P. Bowles and B. Wagman, 'Globalization and the welfare state: four hypotheses and some empirical evidence'. Paper presented to the Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, Toronto, March 1997.
57. R. Ruggiero, 'Growing complexity in international economic relations demands broadening and deepening of the multilateral trading system', Focus: World Trade Organization Newsletter (Oct.-Nov. 1995), p. 13; Financial Times Exporter, 28 Feb. 1996, p. 3.
58. R. Ruggiero, 'Growing complexity in international economic relations demands broadening and deepening of the multilateral trading system', Focus: World Trade Organization Newsletter (Oct.-Nov. 1995), p. 13; Financial Times Exporter, 28 Feb. 1996, p. 3.
59. T. Porter, States, markets and regimes in global finance (London: Macmillan, 1993), ch. 3; E. B. Kapstein, Governing the global economy: international finance and the state. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994).
60. T. Porter, States, markets and regimes in global finance (London: Macmillan, 1993), ch. 3; E. B. Kapstein, Governing the global economy: international finance and the state. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994).
61. Financial Times, 8 Oct. 1996, p. 5.