Physical and biogeochemical responses to freshwater-induced thermohaline variability in a zonally averaged ocean model

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 112, Issue , 1999, Pages 263-284

  Marchal, Olivier ^a   Stocker, Thomas F ^a   Joos, Fortunat ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0006125749     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/GM112p0263     Document Type: Chapter

References (74)

1. Adkins, J. F., and E. A. Boyle, Changing atmospheric A14C and the record of deep water paleoventilation ages, Paleoceanography, 12, 337-344, 1997.
2. Alley, R. B., D. A. Meese, C. A. Shuman, A. J. Gow, K. C. Taylor, P. M. Grootes, J. W. C. White, M. Ram, E. D. Waddington, P. A. Mayewski, and G. A. Zielinski, Abrupt increase in Greenland snow accumulation at the end of the Younger Dryas event, Nature, 362, 527-529, 1993.
3. Bard, E., M. Arnold, J. Mangerud, M. Paterne, L. Labeyrie, J. Duprat, M.-A. Melieres, E. Sonstegaard, and J.-C. Duplessy, The North Atlantic atmosphere-sea surface 14C gradient during the Younger Dryas climatic event, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 126, 275-287, 1994.
4. Bard, E., F. Rostek, and C. Sonzogni, Interhemispheric synchrony of the last deglaciation inferred from alkenone paleothermometry, Nature, 385, 707-710, 1997.
5. Bender, M., T. Sowers, M.-L. Dickson, J. Orchardo, P. Grootes, P. A. Mayewski, and D. A. Meese, Climate correlations between Greenland and Antarctica during the past 100’000 years, Nature, 372, 663-666, 1994a.
6. Bender, M., T. Sowers, and L. Labeyrie, The Dole effect and its variations during the last 130,000 years as measured in the Vostok ice core, Global. Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 363-376, 1994b.
7. Bishop, J. K. B., Regional extremes in particulate matter composition and flux: effects on the chemistry of the ocean interior, in Productivity of the Ocean: Present and Past, edited by W. H. Berger, V. S. Smetacek, and G. Wefer, pp. 117-137, John Wiley, New-York, 1989.
8. Bjorck, S., B. Kromer, S. Johnsen, O. Bennike, D. Hammarlund, G. Lemdahl, G. Possnert, T. L. Rasmussen, B. Wohlfahrt, C. U. Hammer, and M. Spurk, Synchronised terrestrial-atmospheric deglacial records around the North Atlantic, Science, 274, 1155-1160, 1996.
9. Blunier, T., J. Chappellaz, J. Schwander, A. Diillenbach, B. Stauffer, T. F. Stocker, D. Raynaud, J. Jouzel, H. B. Clausen, C. U. Hammer, and S. J. Johnsen, Asynchrony of Antarctic and Greenland climate change during the last glacial period, Nature, 394, 739-743, 1998.
10. 2increase with respect to the Younger Dryas event, Geophys. Res. Let., 24, 2683-2686, 1997.
11. Boyle, E. A., Last-Glacial-Maximum North Atlantic Deep Water: on, off or somewhere in-between ?, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., London, 348, 243-253, 1995.
12. Boyle, E. A., and L. D. Keigwin, North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to high-latitude surface temperature, Nature, 330, 35-40, 1987.
13. Broecker, W. S., D. Peteet, and D. Rind, Does the oceanatmosphere system have more than one stable mode of operation ?, Nature, 315, 21-25, 1985.
14. Brook, E. J., T. Sowers, and J. Orchardo, Rapid variations in atmospheric methane concentration during the past 110,000 years, Science, 273, 1087-1091, 1996.
15. Cane, M. A., A role of the tropical Pacific, Science, 282, 59-61, 1998.
16. 4 and Greenland climate between 40 and 8 kyr BP, Nature, 366, 443-445, 1993.
17. Charles, C., and R. G. Fairbanks, Evidence from Southern Ocean sediments for the effect of North Atlantic deepwater flux on climate, Nature, 355, 416-419, 1992.
18. Charles, C. D., J. Lynch-Stieglitz, U. S. Ninnemann, and R. G. Fairbanks, Climate connections between the hemisphere revealed by deep sea sediment core/ice core correlations, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 19-27, 1996.
19. Craig, H., Carbon 13 in plants and the relationship between carbon 13 and carbon 14 variations in nature, J. Geol. 62, 115-149, 1954.
20. Craig, H., Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correction factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 12, 133-149, 1957.
21. Crowley, T. J., North Atlantic deep water cools the southern hemisphere, Paleoceanography, 7, 489-497, 1992.
22. Cuffey, K. M., and G. D. Clow, Temperature, accumulation, and ice sheet elevation in central Greenland through the last deglacial transition, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26383-26396, 1997.
23. Dansgaard, W., H. B. Clausen, N. Gundestrup, C. U. Hammer, S. F. Johnsen, P. M. Kristinsdottir, and N. Reeh, A new Greenland deep ice core, Science, 218, 1273-1277, 1982.
24. Dansgaard, W., S. J. Johnsen, H. B. Clausen, D. DahlJensen, N. S. Gundestrup, C. U. Hammer, C. S. Hvidberg, J. P. Steffensen, A. E. Sveinbjornsdottir, J. Jouzel, and G. Bond, Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record, Nature, 364, 218-220, 1993.
25. Denton, G. H., and C. H. Hendy, Younger Dryas age advance of Franz Josef glacier in the southern alps of New Zealand, Science, 264, 1434-1437, 1994.
26. 2 in the ocean, Ph. D. thesis, 286 pp., Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Norway, 1994.
27. 12C and reduced melting in the Younger Dryas, documented with 230Th ages of corals, Science, 260, 962-968, 1993.
28. Fanning, A. F., and A. J. Weaver, Temporal-geographical meltwater influences on the North Atlantic conveyor: Implications for the Younger Dryas, Paleoceanography, 12, 307-320, 1997.
29. Goslar, T., M. Arnold, E. Bard, T. Kuc, M. F. Pazdur, M. Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, K. Różański, N. Tisnerat, A. Walanus, B. Wicik, and K. Wiȩckowski, High concentration of atmospheric 14C during the Younger Dryas cold episode, Nature, 377, 414-417, 1995.
30. 14C concentrations over the Allerflld-Younger Dryas transition, Clim. Dyn., 15, 29-42, 1999.
31. Guilderson, T. P., R. G. Fairbanks, and J. L. Rubenstone, Tropical temperature variations since 20,000 years ago: Modulating interhemispheric climate change, Science, 263, 663-665, 1994.
32. Hughen, K. A., J. T. Overpeck, S. J. Lehman, M. Kashgarian, J. Southon, L. C. Peterson, R. Alley, and D. M. Sigman, Deglacial changes in ocean circulation from an extended radiocarbon calibration, Nature, 391, 65-68, 1998.
33. Imbrie, J., et al., On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles, 1. Linear responses to Milankovitch forcing, Paleoceanography, 7, 701-738, 1992.
34. Jansen, E., and T. Veum, Evidence for two-step deglaciation and its impact on North Atlantic deep-water circulation, Nature, 343, 612-616, 1990.
35. Johnsen, S. J., H. B. Clausen, W. Dansgaard, K. Fuhrer, N. Gundestrup, C. U. Hammer, P. Iversen, J. Jouzel, B. Stauffer, and J.P. Steffensen, Irregular glacial interstadials recorded in a new Greenland ice core, Nature, 359, 311-313, 1992.
36. Johnsen, S. J., D. Dahl-Jensen, W. Dansgaard, and N. Gundestrup, Greenland palaeotemperatures derived from GRIP bore hole temperature and ice core isotope profiles, Tellus, Ser. B, 47, 624-629, 1995.
37. Jouzel, J., R. Vaikmae, J. R. Petit, M. Martin, Y. Duclos, M. Stievenard, C. Lorius, M. Toots, M. A. Mélières, L. H. Burckle, N.l. Barkov, and V. M. Kotlyakov, The two-step shape and timing of the last deglaciation in Antarctica, Clim. Dyn., 11, 151-161, 1995.
38. Keigwin, L. D., G. A. Jones, and S. J. Lehman, Deglacial meltwater discharge, North Atlantic deep circulation and abrupt climate change, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 16811-16826, 1991.
39. Keigwin, L. D., and S. J. Lehman, Deep circulation change linked to Heinrich event 1 and Younger Dryas in a middepth North Atlantic core, Paleoceanography, 9, 185-194, 1994.
40. Kitagawa, H., and J. van der Plicht, Atmospheric radiocarbon calibration to 45,000 yr BP: Late glacial fluctuations and cosmogenic isotope production, Science, 279, 1187-1190, 1998.
41. Lowell, T. V., C. J. Heusser, B. G. Anderson, P. I. Moreno, A. Hauser, L. E. Heusser, C. Schliichter, D. R. Marchant, and G. H. Denton, Interhemispheric correlation of Late Pleistocene glacial events, Science, 269, 1541-1549, 1995.
42. Mabin, M. C. G., The age of the Waiho Loop glacial event, Science, 271, 668, 1996.
43. Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 378, 165-167, 1995.
44. Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, Coupled ocean-atmosphere model response to freshwater input: Comparison to Younger Dryas event, Paleoceanography, 12, 321-336, 1997.
45. Marchal, O., T. F. Stocker, and F. Joos, A latitude-depth, circulation-biogeochemical ocean model for paleoclimate studies. Development and sensitivities, Tellus, Ser. B, 50, 290-316, 1998a.
46. Marchal, O., T. F. Stocker, and F. Joos, Impact of oceanic reorganizations on the ocean carbon cycle and atmospheric carbon dioxide content, Paleoceanography, 13, 225-244, 1998b.
47. 2 during the Younger Dryas climate event, Clim. Dyn., 15, 341-354, 1999.
48. McIntyre, A., and B. Molfino, Forcing of Atlantic Equatorial and Subpolar millennia! cycles by precession, Science, 274, 1867-1870, 1996.
49. 18O, Tech. Rep. 189, 25 pp., Max-Planck-Inst. fiir Meteorol., Hamburg, Germany, 1996.
50. Mikolajewicz, U., T. J. Crowley, A. Schiller, and R. Voss, Modelling teleconnections between the North Atlantic and North Pacific during the Younger Dryas, Nature, 387, 384-387, 1997.
51. 2, Netherlands J. Sea. Res., 20, 211-223, 1986.
52. Najjar, R. G., J. L. Sarmiento, and J. R. Toggweiler, Downward transport and fate of organic matter in the ocean: Simulations with a general circulation model, Global. Biogeochem. Cycles, 6, 45-76, 1992.
53. Oeschger, H., J. Beer, U. Siegenthaler, B. Stauffer, W. Dansgaard, and C. C. Langway, Late glacial climate history from ice cores, in Climate Processes and Climate Sensitivity, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 29, edited by J. E. Hansen and T. Takahashi, pp. 299-306, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1984.
54. Peteet, D., Global Younger Dryas?, Quat. Int., 28, 93-104, 1995.
55. 2 and productivity in past oceans, Nature, 341, 516-518, 1989.
56. Schiller, A., U. Mikolajewicz, and R. Voss, The stability of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model, Clim. Dyn., 13, 325-347, 1997.
57. Severinghaus, J.P., T. Sowers, E. J. Brook, R. B. Alley, and M. L. Bender, Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas interval from thermally fractionated gases in polarice, Nature, 391, 141-146, 1998.
58. 2 emissions during the past 200 years reconstructed by convolution of ice core data, Tellus, Ser. B, 39, 140-154, 1987.
59. Singer, C., J. Shulmeister, and B. McLea, Evidence against a significant Younger Dryas cooling event in New Zealand, Science, 281, 812-814, 1998.
60. Sowers, T., and M. Bender, Climate records covering the last deglaciation, Science, 269, 210-213, 1995.
61. Steig, E. J., E. J. Brook, J. W. C. White, C. M. Sucher, M. L. Bender, S. J. Lehman, D. L. Morse, E. D. Waddington, and G. D. Clow, Synchronous climate changes in Antarctica and the North Atlantic, Science, 282, 92-95, 1998.
62. Stocker, T. F., The seesaw effect, Science, 282, 61-62, 1998.
63. Stocker, T. F., Past and future reorganisations in the climate system, Quat. Sci. Rev., 1999 (in press).
64. Stocker, T. F., and D. G. Wright, Rapid changes in ocean circulation and atmospheric radiocarbon, Paleoceanography, 11, 773-796, 1996.
65. Stocker, T. F., and D. G. Wright, The effect of a succession of ocean ventilation changes on radiocarbon, Radiocarbon, 40, 359-366, 1998.
66. Stocker, T. F., D. G. Wright, and L. A. Mysak, A zonally averaged, coupled ocean-atmosphere model for paleoclimate studies, J. Clim., 5, 773-797, 1992a.
67. Stocker, T. F., D. G. Wright, and W. S. Broecker, The influence of high-latitude surface forcing on the global thermohaline circulation, Paleoceanography, 7, 529-541, 1992b.
68. Thompson, L. G., T. Yao, M. E. Davis, K. A. Henderson, E. Mosley-Thompson, P.-N. Lin, J. Beer, H.-A. Synal, J. Cole-Dai, and J. F. Bolzan, Tropical climate instability: The last glacial cycle from a Qinghai-Tibetanice core, Science, 276, 1821-1825, 1997.
69. Toggweiler, J., and B. Samuels, Is the magnitude of the deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by southern hemisphere winds ?, in The Global Carbon Cycle, edited by M. Heimann, pp. 303-331, NATO ASI Ser., Ser. I, 15, Springer Verlag, 1993.
70. Veum, T., E. Jansen, M. Arnold, I. Beyer, and J.-C. Duplessy, Water mass exchange between the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea during the past 28,000 years, Nature, 356, 783-785, 1992.
71. Weyl, P., The role of the ocean in climatic change: a Theory of the ice ages, Meteorol. Monogr. 8, 37-62, 1968.
72. Wright, D. G., and T. F. Stocker, Sensitivities of a zonally averaged global ocean circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 12,707-12,730, 1992.
73. Wright, D. G., and T. F. Stocker, Younger Dryas experiments, in Ice in the Climate System, edited by W. R. Peltier, pp. 395-416, NATO ASI Ser., Ser. I, 12, Springer Verlag, 1993.
74. Wright, D. G., T. F. Stocker, and D. Mercer, Closures used in zonally averaged ocean models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 791-804, 1998.