Counterexamples and the Suppression of Inferences

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 40, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 347-373

  Byrne, Ruth M J ^a   Espino, Orlando ^b   Santamaria, Carlos ^b  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^b UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0003276697     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jmla.1998.2622     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Braine M. D. S., O'Brien D. P. A theory of if: A lexical entry, reasoning program, and pragmatic principles. Psychological Review. 98:1991;182-203.
2. Byrne R. M. J. Suppressing valid inferences with conditionals. Cognition. 31:1989;61-83.
3. Byrne R. M. J. Can valid inferences be suppressed? Cognition. 39:1991;71-78.
4. Byrne R. M. J. The coming of age of the psychology of thinking and reasoning. A century of psychology. 1997a;Routledge, London.
5. Byrne R. M. J. Cognitive processes in counterfactual thinking about what might have been. Medin D. L. The psychology of learning and motivation. 1997b;105-154 Academic Press, San Diego.
6. Byrne R. M. J., Handley S. J. Reasoning strategies for suppositional deductions. Cognition. 62:1997;1-49.
7. Byrne R. M. J., Handley S. J., Johnson-Laird P. N. Reasoning with suppositions. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 48A:1995;915-944.
8. Byrne R. M. J., Johnson-Laird P. N. Spatial reasoning. Journal of Memory and Language. 28:1989;564-575.
9. Byrne R. M. J., Johnson-Laird P. N. The spontaneous use of propositional connectives. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 45A:1992;89-110.
10. Byrne, R. M. J. Tasso, A. Deductive reasoning from factual, possible, and counterfactual conditionals, Memory and Cognition.
11. Chater, N. 1993, Mental models and nonmonotonic reasoning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 340, 341.
12. Chater N., Oaksford M. Logicisms, mental models and everyday reasoning: Reply to Garnham. Mind and Language. 8:1993;72-89.
13. Chan D., Chua F. Suppression of valid inferences: Syntactic views, mental models, and relative salience. Cognition. 53:1994;217-238.
14. Cummins D. D., Lubart T., Alksnis O., Rist R. Conditional reasoning and causation. Memory and Cognition. 19:1991;274-282.
15. Cheng P. W., Holyoak K. J. Pragmatic Reasoning Schemas. Cognitive Psychology. 17:1985;391-416.
16. Cosmides L. The logic of social exchange. Cognition. 31:1989;187-276.
17. Dieussaert, K. Schaeken, W. Schroyens, W. d'Ydewalle, G. 1998, The illusion of suppression of conditional inferences?
18. Elio, R. 1997, What to believe when inferences are contradicted: The impact of knowledge type and inference rule, M. ShaftoP. Langley, Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 211, 216, Hillsdale, Erlbaum.
19. Elio, R. 1998, How to disbelieve p → q: resolving contradictions, M. A. Gernsbacher, Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Hillsdale, Erlbaum.
20. Elio R., Pelletier F. J. Belief change as propositional update. Cognitive Science. 21:1997;419-460.
21. Evans J. St.B. T. The mental model theory of conditional reasoning: Critical appraisal and revision. Cognition. 48:1993;1-20.
22. Evans J. St.B. T., Newstead S., Byrne R. M. J. Human reasoning: The psychology of deduction. 1993;Erlbaum, Hillsdale.
23. Fillenbaum S. Deductive reasoning: What are taken to be the premises and how are they interpreted? Behavioural and Brain Sciences. 16:1993;348-349.
24. Garnham A. Is logicist cognitive science possible? Mind and Language. 8:1993;49-71.
25. George C. The endorsement of premises: assumption-based or belief-based reasoning. British Journal of Psychology. 86:1995;93-111.
26. Girotto V., Mazzocco A., Tasso A. The effect of premise order in conditional reasoning: a test of the mental model theory. Cognition. 63:1997;1-28.
27. Handley, S. Byrne, R. M. J. 1998, The negation of conjunctions.
28. Jeffrey R. Formal logic: Its scope and limits. 1981;McGraw-Hill, New York.
29. Johnson-Laird P. N. Mental models. 1983;Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
30. Johnson-Laird, P. N. 1994a, Human reasoning.
31. Johnson-Laird P. N. Mental models and probabilistic thinking. Cognition. 50:1994b;189-209.
32. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J. Only. Journal of Memory and Language. 28:1989;313-330.
33. Johnson-Laird, P. N. Byrne, R. M. J. 1991, Deduction, Hillsdale, NJ, LEA.
34. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J. Precis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 16:1993a;323-380.
35. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J. Models and deductive rationality. Manktelow K. I., Over D. E. Rationality. 1993b;177-210 Routledge, London.
36. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J., Schaeken W. Propositional reasoning by model. Psychological Review. 99:1992;418-439.
37. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J., Schaeken W. Why models rather than rules give a better account of propositional reasoning: A reply to Bonatti, and to O'Brien, Braine, & Yang. Psychological Review. 101:1994;734-739.
38. Johnson-Laird P. N., Byrne R. M. J., Tabossi P. Reasoning by model: The case of multiple quantification. Psychological Review. 96:1989;658-673.
39. Johnson-Laird, P. N. Savary, F. 1995, How to make the impossible seem probable, J. D. MooreJ. F. Lehman, Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 381, 384, Hillsdale, Erlbaum.
40. Keane M. T. What makes an analogy difficult?: The effects of order and causal structure in analogical mapping. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 23:1997;946-967.
41. Markovits H. Awareness of the "possible" as a mediator of formal thinking in conditional reasoning problems. British Journal of Psychology. 75:1984;367-376.
42. Medvedev G. The truth about Chernobyl. 1991;Tauris, London.
43. Neth, H. Beller, S. Spada, C. 1998.
44. O'Brien D. P. Mental logic and human irrationality: We can put a man on the moon so why can't we solve those logical-reasoning problems? Manktelow K. I., Over D. E. Rationality. 1993;110-135 Routledge, London.
45. O'Brien D. P., Braine M. D. S., Yang Y. Propositional reasoning by mental models? Simple to refute in principle and in practice. Psychological Review. 101:1994;711-724.
46. Oaksford M., Chater N. Against logicist cognitive science. Mind and Language. 6:1991;1-38.
47. Oaksford M., Chater N. Reasoning theories and bounded rationality. Manktelow K. I., Over D. E. Rationality. 1993;31-60 Routledge, London.
48. Oaksford M., Chater N. Theories of reasoning and the computational explanation of everyday inference. Thinking and Reasoning. 1:1995a;121-152.
49. Oaksford M., Chater N. Information gain explains relevance which explains the selection task. Cognition. 57:1995b;97-108.
50. Oaksford M. Mental models and the tractability of everyday reasoning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 16:1993;360-361.
51. Politzer G., Braine M. D. S. Responses to inconsistent premises cannot count as suppression of valid inferences. Cognition. 38:1991;103-108.
52. Rips L. J. Reasoning. Annual Review of Psychology. 41:1990;85-116.
53. Rips L. J. The psychology of proof. 1994;MIT Press, Cambridge.
54. Rumain B., Connell J., Braine M. D. S. Conversational comprehension processes are responsible for reasoning fallacies in children as well as adults. Developmental Psychology. 19:1983;471-481.
55. Schaeken W., Johnson-Laird P. N., D'ydewalle G. Mental models and temporal reasoning. Cognition. 60:1996;205-234.
56. Sperber D., Cara F., Girotto V. Relevance theory explains the selection task. Cognition. 57:1994;31-95.
57. Stevenson R. J., Over D. E. Deduction from uncertain premises. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 48A:1995;613-643.
58. Staudenmayer H. Understanding conditional reasoning with meaningful propositions. Falmagne R. J. Reasoning: Representation and process. 1975;Wiley, New York.
59. Thompson V. A. Interpretational factors in conditional reasoning. Memory and Cognition. 22:1994;742-758.
60. Thompson V. A. Conditional reasoning: The necessary and sufficient conditions. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology. 49:1995;1-60.
61. Winer B. J. Statistical principles in experimental design. 1971;McGraw-Hill, New York.