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Piedra P. Influenza virus pneumonia: pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention. Seminars in respiratory infections 1995; 10:216-223.
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Piedra, P.1
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2
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0031838459
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Use of fluorescent-antibody staining of cytocentrifuge-prepared smears in combination with cell culture for direct detection of respiratory viruses
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Doing KM, Jerkofsky MA, Dow EG, Jellison JA. Use of fluorescent-antibody staining of cytocentrifuge-prepared smears in combination with cell culture for direct detection of respiratory viruses. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:2112-2114. IFA staining of cytocentrifuged-prepared smears and cell culture used to evaluate 1003 respiratory samples for respiratory viruses. Agreement between culture and IFA was 90%. IFA staining represents a useful rapid test for the identificaton of viruses in respiratory secretions.
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J Clin Microbiol
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Doing, K.M.1
Jerkofsky, M.A.2
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Jellison, J.A.4
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3
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0031656816
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Comparison of RT-PCR with other diagnostic assays for rapid detection of influenza viruses
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Pregliasco F, Mensi C, Camorali L, Anselmi G. Comparison of RT-PCR with other diagnostic assays for rapid detection of influenza viruses. J Med Virol 1998; 56:168-173. Sensitivity and specificity of reverse-transcriptase PCR for the detection of influenza in 270 oropharyngeal swabs, positive for influenza virus by cell culture, was 100% for both influenza A and B.
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J Med Virol
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Pregliasco, F.1
Mensi, C.2
Camorali, L.3
Anselmi, G.4
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4
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0032515589
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Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus
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Yuen KY, Chan PK, Peiris M, Tsang DN, Que TL. Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. Lancet 14:467-471. Clinical reports of the first human infections with influenza A (H5N1). High rate of complications in adults described. Rapid detection by RT-PCR and commercially available enzyme immunoassay.
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Lancet
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Yuen, K.Y.1
Chan, P.K.2
Peiris, M.3
Tsang, D.N.4
Que, T.L.5
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5
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14444284599
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Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus Isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness
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Subbar K, Klimov A, Katz J, Regnery H, Lim W, Hall H, et al. Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus Isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness. Science 1998; 279:393-396. Description of H5N1 virus responsible for Hong Kong outbreak. Recognition that virus was not an avian-human recombinant but, rather, an avian virus adapted for replication in human cells. Gene responsible for increased pathogenicity discovered.
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Science
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Subbar, K.1
Klimov, A.2
Katz, J.3
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Lim, W.5
Hall, H.6
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6
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0031984935
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Value of examining multiple sputum specimens in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
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Nelson SM, Deike MA, Cartwright CP. Value of examining multiple sputum specimens in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. J. Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:467-9. The overwhelming majority of culture-proven cases of pulmonary tuberculosis are detected with two sputum specimens when using rapid, broth culture methods.
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J. Clin Microbiol
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Nelson, S.M.1
Deike, M.A.2
Cartwright, C.P.3
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7
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0031912124
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Cross-contamination of specimens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Clinical significance, causes, and prevention
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Bhattacharya M, Dietrich S, Mosher L, Siddiqui F, Reisberg BE, Paul WS, Warren JR. Cross-contamination of specimens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: clinical significance, causes, and prevention. Am J Clin Pathol 1998; 109:324-330. Although cross-contamination of cultures during processing is unlikely, it does occur in modern laboratory settings. Positive results should always be correlated with clinical findings.
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Am J Clin Pathol
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Bhattacharya, M.1
Dietrich, S.2
Mosher, L.3
Siddiqui, F.4
Reisberg, B.E.5
Paul, W.S.6
Warren, J.R.7
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8
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0031723530
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Comprehensive evaluation of performance, laboratory application, and clinical usefulness of two direct amplification technologies for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
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Della-Latta, P. Whittier S. Comprehensive evaluation of performance, laboratory application, and clinical usefulness of two direct amplification technologies for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Am Clin Path 1998;110:301-310. Two commercially available molecular systems for the detection of M. tuberculosis are compared to conventional culture. Although both systems had lower sensitivity with smear-negative specimens, when molecular detection was used with three separate specimens per patient, 96% of M. tuberculosis cases were detected. Molecular detection of M. tuberculosis does have a place in some clinical laboratories.
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(1998)
Am Clin Path
, vol.110
, pp. 301-310
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Della-Latta, P.1
Whittier, S.2
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9
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0031969066
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Diagnostic value of the Amplicor PCR assay for initial diagnosis and assessment of treatment response for pulmonary tuberculosis
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Iinuma Y, Ichiyama S, Yamori S, Oohama J, Takagi N, Hasegawa Y, et al. Diagnostic value of the Amplicor PCR assay for initial diagnosis and assessment of treatment response for pulmonary tuberculosis. Microbiol Immunol 1998; 42:281-287. Amplicor proved useful for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. Amplicor remained positive longer than culture following the institution of chemotherapy.
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(1998)
Microbiol Immunol
, vol.42
, pp. 281-287
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Iinuma, Y.1
Ichiyama, S.2
Yamori, S.3
Oohama, J.4
Takagi, N.5
Hasegawa, Y.6
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10
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0031808152
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Comparison of Roche Cobas Amplicor Mycobacterium tuberculosis assay with in-house PCR and culture for detection of M. tuberculosis
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Eing BR, Becker A, Sohns, A, Ringelmann R. Comparison of Roche Cobas Amplicor Mycobacterium tuberculosis assay with in-house PCR and culture for detection of M. tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 7:2023-2029. The Roche Cobas instrument is a semiautomated version of the manually performed Roche Amplikcor M. tuberculosis test. It perfomed well with smear-positive specimens and with smear-negative specimens if three samples from each patient are tested.
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(1998)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.7
, pp. 2023-2029
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Eing, B.R.1
Becker, A.2
Sohns, A.3
Ringelmann, R.4
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11
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0031862229
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Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Molecular Perspectives
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Rattan A, Kalia A, Ahmad N. Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Molecular Perspectives. Emerging Infectious Diseases 1998; 4:195-208. Molecular studies of the mechanism of action of antituberculous drugs have elucidated the genetic basis of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis. Development of specific mechanism-based inhibitors and techniques to rapidly identify drug resistance can now be attempted.
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(1998)
Emerging Infectious Diseases
, vol.4
, pp. 195-208
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Rattan, A.1
Kalia, A.2
Ahmad, N.3
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12
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0031842303
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Comparison of throat swabs with sputum specimens for the detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae antigen by direct immunofluorescence
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Garnett P, Brogan O, Lafong C, Fox C. Comparison of throat swabs with sputum specimens for the detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae antigen by direct immunofluorescence. J Clin Pathol 1998; 51:309-311. Throat swabs may be as good as sputum for the detection of C. pneumoniae antigen by direct immunofluorescence.
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(1998)
J Clin Pathol
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Garnett, P.1
Brogan, O.2
Lafong, C.3
Fox, C.4
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13
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0031808655
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Rapid detection of Chlamydia pneumoniaeby PCR-enzyme immunoassay
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Jantos CA, Roggendorf R, Wuppermann FN, Hegemann JH. Rapid detection of Chlamydia pneumoniaeby PCR-enzyme immunoassay. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:1890-1894. PCR may be more sensitive than cell culture for the detection of C. pneumoniae.
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J Clin Microbiol
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Jantos, C.A.1
Roggendorf, R.2
Wuppermann, F.N.3
Hegemann, J.H.4
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14
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0031838339
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Freymuth F. Comparison of two serological methods and a polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae in adults
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Petitjean, J, Vincent F, Fretigny M, Vabret A, Poveda JD, Brun J. Freymuth F. Comparison of two serological methods and a polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae in adults. J Med Microbiol 1998; 47:615-621. Discrepancies between results of serodiagnosis and PCR diagnosis of C. pneumoniae suggest that further studies are needed to optimize techniques.
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(1998)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.47
, pp. 615-621
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Petitjean, J.1
Vincent, F.2
Fretigny, M.3
Vabret, A.4
Poveda, J.D.5
Brun, J.6
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15
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0031931819
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Chlamydia pneumoniae in children with acute respiratory tract infections
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Normann E, Gnarpe J, Gnarpe H, Wettergren B. Chlamydia pneumoniae in children with acute respiratory tract infections. Acta Paediatr 1998; 87:23-27. Chlamydiae pneumoniae is a common finding in young children with respiratory tract infections.
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Acta Paediatr
, vol.87
, pp. 23-27
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Normann, E.1
Gnarpe, J.2
Gnarpe, H.3
Wettergren, B.4
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16
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0031718325
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Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children
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Waris ME, Toikka P, Saarinen T, Nikkari S, Meurman Vainiopaa R, Mertsola J, Ruuskanen O. Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. J Clin Microbiol. 1998; 36:3155-3159. The M. pneumoniae IgM serology test is a useful tool for the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children.
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J Clin Microbiol.
, vol.36
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Waris, M.E.1
Toikka, P.2
Saarinen, T.3
Nikkari, S.4
Meurman Vainiopaa, R.5
Mertsola, J.6
Ruuskanen, O.7
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17
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0031964651
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Molecular approaches to diagnosis of pulmonary diseases due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Abele-Hom M, Busch U, Nitschko H, Jacobs E, Bax R, Pfaff F, et al. Molecular approaches to diagnosis of pulmonary diseases due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:548-551. PCR is a reliable method for the detection of M. pneumoniae in respiratory tract samples.
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(1998)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.36
, pp. 548-551
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Abele-Hom, M.1
Busch, U.2
Nitschko, H.3
Jacobs, E.4
Bax, R.5
Pfaff, F.6
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19
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0031952505
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Evaluation of PCR for diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis infections
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Lind-Brandberg L, Welinder-Olsson C, Lagergard T, Taranger J. Trollfors B, Zackrisson G. Evaluation of PCR for diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis infections. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:679-83. PCR can replace culture as the diagnostic test of choice for B. pertussis and B. parapertussis infections.
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(1998)
J Clin Microbiol
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, pp. 679-683
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Lind-Brandberg, L.1
Welinder-Olsson, C.2
Lagergard, T.3
Taranger, J.4
Trollfors, B.5
Zackrisson, G.6
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20
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0031970795
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed by non-induced sputum stained with a direct fluorescent antibiody
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Rafanan AL, Klevjer-Anderson P, Metersky ML. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed by non-induced sputum stained with a direct fluorescent antibiody. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1998; 28:99-103.
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(1998)
Ann Clin Lab Sci
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Rafanan, A.L.1
Klevjer-Anderson, P.2
Metersky, M.L.3
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21
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0031808153
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Diagnostic use of PCR for detection of Pneumocystis carinii in oral wash samples
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Helweg-Larsen J, Jensen JS, Benfield T, Svendsen UG, Lundgren B. Diagnostic use of PCR for detection of Pneumocystis carinii in oral wash samples. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:2068-72. Non-induced sputum stained using direct fluorescent antibody methods can be useful in the diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients.
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(1998)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.36
, pp. 2068-2072
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Helweg-Larsen, J.1
Jensen, J.S.2
Benfield, T.3
Svendsen, U.G.4
Lundgren, B.5
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22
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0032062157
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Bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of respiratory infections
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Mares DC, Wilkes DS. Bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of respiratory infections. Curr Opin Pulm Mod. 1998; 4:123-129. Bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques are important in the diagnosis of pneumonia in the immune-compromised host, the normal host with severe community-acquired pneumonia and in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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(1998)
Curr Opin Pulm Mod.
, vol.4
, pp. 123-129
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Mares, D.C.1
Wilkes, D.S.2
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23
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0031896413
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Diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections: What we have and what would be nice
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Baughman RP, Conrado CE. Diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections: what we have and what would be nice. Chest 1998; 113:219S-223S.
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(1998)
Chest
, vol.113
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Baughman, R.P.1
Conrado, C.E.2
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24
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0031942603
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Diagnostic accuracy of protected specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage in nosocomial pneumonia: Impact of previous antimicrobial treatments
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Souweine B, Veber B, Bedos JP, Gachot B, Dombret MC, Regnier B, Wolff M. Diagnostic accuracy of protected specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage in nosocomial pneumonia: impact of previous antimicrobial treatments. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:235-44. A review of various methods for collecting specimens used to diagnose lower respiratory tract infections.
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Crit Care Med
, vol.26
, pp. 235-244
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Souweine, B.1
Veber, B.2
Bedos, J.P.3
Gachot, B.4
Dombret, M.C.5
Regnier, B.6
Wolff, M.7
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25
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0031957615
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Role of the microbiology laboratory in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections
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Reimer L, Carroll K. Role of the microbiology laboratory in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. Clin Infect Dis. 1998; 26:742-748. The role of the microbiology laboratory in the diagnosis of nosocomial and other complicated pneumonias should be extensive. This review adresses the laboratory tests available and their limitations. In addition to respiratory secretions, cultures of blood and pleural fluid may be necessary.
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(1998)
Clin Infect Dis.
, vol.26
, pp. 742-748
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Reimer, L.1
Carroll, K.2
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26
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0031979297
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Quality assessment of protected specimen brush samples by microscopic cell count
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Mertens AH, Nagler JM, Galdermans DI, Slabbynck HR, Weise B, Coolen D. Quality assessment of protected specimen brush samples by microscopic cell count. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998; 157:1240-1243. Protected brush samples that contained <10 cells per microscopic field (50 x objective) do not yield useful culture results, presumably due to inadequate sampling.
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(1998)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
, vol.157
, pp. 1240-1243
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Mertens, A.H.1
Nagler, J.M.2
Galdermans, D.I.3
Slabbynck, H.R.4
Weise, B.5
Coolen, D.6
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27
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0031809770
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A comparison of mini-bronchoalveolar lavage and blind-protected specimen brush sampling in ventilated patients with suspected pneumonia
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Marik PE, Careau P. A comparison of mini-bronchoalveolar lavage and blind-protected specimen brush sampling in ventilated patients with suspected pneumonia. J Crit Care 1998; 13:67-72. In mechanically ventilated patients both blind-protected specimen brush and mini-BAL, performed safely by trained respiratory therapists, were useful in the diagnosis of pneumonia.
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(1998)
J Crit Care
, vol.13
, pp. 67-72
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Marik, P.E.1
Careau, P.2
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28
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0031936787
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The influence of mini-BAL cultures on patient outcomes: Implications for the antibiotic management of ventilator-associated pneumonia
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Kollef MH, Ward S. The influence of mini-BAL cultures on patient outcomes: implications for the antibiotic management of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1998; 113:412-420. Mini-BAL cultures can identify patients with inadequate antimicrobial therapy.
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(1998)
Chest
, vol.113
, pp. 412-420
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Kollef, M.H.1
Ward, S.2
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29
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0031911394
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Impact of invasive and non-invasive quantitative culture sampling on outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A pilot study
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Sanchez-Nieto JM, Torres A, Garcia-Cordoba F, El-Ebiary M, Carrillo A, Ruiz J, Nunez ML. Impact of invasive and non-invasive quantitative culture sampling on outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pilot study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157:371-376. The impact of bronchoscopy has not consistently altered mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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(1998)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
, vol.157
, pp. 371-376
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Sanchez-Nieto, J.M.1
Torres, A.2
Garcia-Cordoba, F.3
El-Ebiary, M.4
Carrillo, A.5
Ruiz, J.6
Nunez, M.L.7
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30
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0032417007
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Epidemiology of ventilator-acquired pneumonia based on protected bronchoscopic sampling
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George DL, Falk PS, Wunderink RG, et al. Epidemiology of ventilator-acquired pneumonia based on protected bronchoscopic sampling. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1839-1847. Tracheal colonization preceded ventilator-associated pneumonia much more frequently than gastric colonization. Bronchoscopic sampling may identify risk factors for pneumonia amenable to intervention.
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(1998)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
, vol.158
, pp. 1839-1847
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George, D.L.1
Falk, P.S.2
Wunderink, R.G.3
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