Solar wind modulation of the global electric circuit and apparent effects on cloud microphysics, latent heat release, and tropospheric dynamics

Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 165-175

  Tinsley, Brian A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001549032     PISSN: 00221392     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5636/jgg.48.165     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Barlow, A. K. and J. Latham, A laboratory study of the scavenging of sub-micron aerosols by charged raindrops, Q. J. R. Afeteorol. Soc., 109, 763-770, 1983.
2. Barnston, A. G. and R. E. Livezey, A closer look at the effect of the 11 year solar cycle and the quasi-biennial oscillation in the northern hemisphere 700 mb height and extratropical north American surface temperature,/ Climate, 2,1295-1313,1989.
3. Beard, K. V., Ice nucleation in warm based convective clouds: an assessment of microphysical mechanisms.Xrmoi. Res., 28,125-152, 1992.
4. Beard, K. V. and H. T. Ochs, Charging mechanisms in clouds and thunderstorms, in The Earth 's Electrical Environment, pp. 114-130, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1986.
5. Brown, G. M. and J. I. John, Solar cycle influences in tropospheric circulation, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 41, 43-52, 1979.
6. Cobb, W. E., Evidence of solar influence on the atmospheric electrical elements at Mauna Loa Observatory, Mon. Weather Rev., 95,905-911,1967.
7. Fletcher, N. H., The Chemical Physics of Ice, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1970.
8. Gatham, S. G. and R. V. Anderson, Aircraft measurements of the geomagnetic latitude effect on air-earth current density,/ Atmos. Terr. Phys., 39, 313-316, 1977.
9. Hays, P. B. and R. G. Roble, A quasi-static model of atmospheric electricity 1. The lower atmosphere,J. Geophys. Res., 84,3291-3305, 1979.
10. Herschel, W., Observations tending to investigate the nature of the sun, in order to find the causes or symptoms of its variable emission of light and heat, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (Land.), Part 1, 265-318, 1801.
11. Hines, C. O. and I. Halevy, On the reality and nature of a certain sun-weather correlation, J. Atmos. Sei., 34, 382-404, 1977.
12. Holton, J. R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, third edition, Academic Press, London, 1992.
13. Hoskins, B. J., Modelling the transient eddies and their feedback on the mean flow, in Large Scale Dynamical Processes in the Atmosphere, edited by B. J. Hoskins and R. Pearce, Academic Press, San Diego Calif., 1983.
14. Houze, R. A., Jr., Cloud Dynamics, Academic Press, San Diego, 1993.
15. Israel, H., Atmospheric Electricity Vol. II, NSF, & U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C., 1973.
16. John, J. I., Secular changes in storm tracks over the North Atlantic Ocean, 1920-89 (extended abstract), preprint volume, AMS Meeting, Anaheim, Calif., 1990.
17. Jokipii, J. R., Variations of the cosmic ray flux with time, in The Sun in Time, pp. 205-220, Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, 1991.
18. Kelly, P. M., Solar influence on north Atlantic mean sea level pressure, Nature, 269, 320-322, 1977.
19. Kirkland, M. W. and B. A. Tinsley, Stratospheric volcanic aerosols as a necessary condition for the Wilcox effect; implications for middle atmosphere electrodynamics, EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 76, S66, 1995.
20. Labitzke, K. and H. van Loon, Association between the 11 year solar cycle, the QBO, and the atmosphere, III, Aspects of the association, J. Climate, 2, 554-565, 1989.
21. Lezniak, J. A. and W. R. Webber, Solar modulation of cosmic ray protons, helium nuclei, and electrons, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 1605-1624, 1971.
22. Lockwood, J. A., W. R. Webber, and H. Debrunner, The rigidity dependence of Forbush decreases observed at the earth, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 5447-5455, 1991.
23. Markson, R. and M. Muir, Solar wind control of the Earth's electric field, Science, 208, 979-990, 1980.
24. Olson, D. E., Interpretation of the solar influence on the atmospheric electrical parameters, in Weather and Climate Responses to Solar Variations, edited by B. M. McCormac, pp. 483188, Colo. Ass. Univ. Press., Boulder, 1983.
25. Pauley, P. M. and P. J. Smith, Direct and indirect effects of latent heat release on a synoptic scale wave system, Mon. Weather Rev., 116, 1209-1235, 1988.
26. Pruppacher, H. R., Electrofreezing of super cooled water, Pure. Appl. Geophys., 104, 623-634, 1973.
27. Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, Ice particle concentrations and precipitation development in small polar maritime cumuliform clouds, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 117,207-241, 1991.
28. Reiter, R., Solar activity influences on atmospheric electricity and on some structures in the middle atmosphere, in Handbook for MAP 29, edited by J. Lastovicka, pp. 168-177, SCOSTEP, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 1989.
29. Roberts, W. O. and R. H. Olson, Geomagnetic storms and wintertime 300 nib trough development in the North Pacific-North America area, J. Atmos. Sei., 30, 135-140, 1973.
30. Roble, R. G., On solar-terrestrial relationships in atmospheric electricity, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 6000-6012, 1985.
31. Roble, R. G. and I. Tzur, The global atmospheric-electrical circuit, in The Earth 's Electrical Environment, pp. 206-231, National Academy of Sciences Press, Washington, D.C., 1986.
32. Rutledge, S. A. and P. V. Hobbs, The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones, VIII, a model for the "Seeder Feeder" process in warm frontal rainbands.y. Atmos. Sei., 40,1185-1206, 1983.
33. Smart, D. F. and M. A. Shea, Galactic cosmic radiation and solar energetic particles, in Handbook of Geophysics and the Space Environment, edited by A. S. Jursa, AFGL, US Air Force, Cambridge, Massachussets, 1985.
34. Tinsley, B. A., Apparent response of air-earth current and the 500 mbar Vorticity Area Index to volcanic aerosols and highly relativistic electrons (abstract), EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 74, 175, 1993a.
35. Tinsley, B. A., Reply (to comment by Detwiler), J. Geophys. Res., 98, 16, 889-16,991, 1993b.
36. Tinsley, B. A. and G. W. Deen, Apparent tropospheric response to MeV-GeV particle flux variations: A connection via electrofreezing of supercooled water in high-level clouds?, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22283-22296, 1991.
37. Tinsley, B. A. and R. A. Heelis, Correlation of atmospheric dynamics with solar activity: Evidence for a connection via the solar wind, atmospheric electricity, and cloud microphysics, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10375-10384, 1993.
38. Tinsley, B. A., J. T. Hoeksema, and D. N. Baker, Stratospheric volcanic aerosols and changes in air-earth current density at solar wind magnetic sector boundaries as conditions for the Wilcox tropospheric vorticity effect, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16, 805-16,813, 1994.
39. Tzur, I., R. G. Roble, H. C. Zhuang, and G. C. Reid, The response of the earth's global electric circuit to a solar proton event, in Weather and Climate Responses to Solar Variations, edited by B. M. McCormac, pp. 427435, Colo. Ass. Univ. Press., Boulder, 1983.
40. van Delden, A., On the deepening and filling of balanced cyclones by diabatic heating, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 41, 127-145, 1989.
41. van Loon, H. and K. Labitzke, Association between the 11 year solar cycle, the QBO, and the atmosphere, Part II, Surface and 700 mb on the northern hemisphere in winter, J. Climate, 1, 905-920, 1988.
42. Venne, D. E. and D. G. Dartt, An examination of possible solar cycle-QBO effects in the northern hemisphere troposphere, J. Climate, 3, 272-281, 1990.
43. Wang, P. K., S. N. Grover, and U.R. Pruppacher, On the effect of electric charges on the scavenging of aerosol particles by clouds and small raindrops, J. Atmos. Sei., 35, 1735-1743, 1978.
44. Wigley, T. M. L. and S. C. B. Raper, Climate change due to solar irradiance changes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17,2169-2172,1990.
45. Wilcox, J. M., P. H. Scherrer, L. Svalgaard, W. O. Roberts, and R. H. Olson, Solar magnetic structure: influence on stratospheric circulation, Science, 180, 185-186, 1973.
46. Williams, E. R. and S. J. Heckman, The local diurnal variation of cloud electrification and the global diurnal variation of negative charge on the earth, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 5221-5234, 1993.
47. Zimmerman, J. E., P. J. Smith, and D. R. Smith, The role of latent heat release in the evolution of a weak extratropical cyclone, Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1039-1057, 1989.