Aging of oily soils on textile materials: A literature review

Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

Volumn 1, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 407-418

  Chi, Yong Seung ^a   Kay Obendorf, S ^a  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Autoxidation; Detergency; Oily soil; Sebum; Squalene; Textiles; Unsaturated lipids; Yellowing

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001377545     PISSN: 10973958     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11743-998-0044-0     Document Type: Article

References (113)

1. Powe, W.C., Laundry Soils, in Detergency: Theory and Test Methods, Part I, edited by W.G. Cutler and R.C. Davis, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1972, pp. 31-63.
2. McLendon, V., and F. Richardson, Residual Oily Soil as a Factor in Yellowing of Used and Laundered White Cotton Articles, Am. Dyest. Rep. 63:112-118 (1963).
3. Wagg, R.E., D.M. Meek, and A.L.D. Willan, The Yellowing of Fabrics on Repeated Use and Laundering, in Chemistry, Physics and Application of Surface Active Substances, Proceedings of the IVth International Congress on Surface-Active Substances, 1964 vol. III, Application of Surface Active Substances, edited by C. Paquot, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1967, pp. 269-282.
4. Spangler, W.G., R.C. Roga, and H.D. Cross III, A Detergency Test Based on Rapid Aging of Unremoved Sebum, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 44:728-732 (1967).
5. Oldenroth, O., Composition and Behavior of Wash-Dirt II, Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 61:1220-1224 (1959).
6. Utermohlen, W.P., Jr., and E.L. Wallace, III, Influence of the Soiling Mixture and of Storage Conditions on the Ease of Washing of Soiled Cloth, Text. Res. J. 17:682-688 (1947).
7. Walter, E., Skin Fats in Textiles and Their Removal, Melliand Textilber 40:646-651 (1959).
8. Oldenroth, O., Behavior of Skin Surface Fat Towards Textile Goods and Influence of Washing and Storage Conditions, Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 66:704-711 (1964).
9. Park, E.-K.C., and S.K. Obendorf, Chemical Changes in Unsaturated Oils upon Aging and Subsequent Effects on Fabric Yellowing and Soil Removal, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71:17-29 (1994).
10. Bille, H.E., A. Eckell, and G.A. Schmidt, Finishing for Durable Press and Soil Release, Textile Chem. Color. 1(27):600-607 (1969).
11. Venkatesh, G.M., N.B. Dweltz, G.L. Madan, and R.H. Alurkar, A Study of the Soiling of Textiles and Development of Anti-Soiling and Soil Release Finishes: A Review, Text. Res. J. 44:352-362 (1974).
12. Powe, W.C., The Nature of Tenaciously Bound Soil on Cotton, Ibid. 29:879-884 (1959).
13. Compton, J., and W.J. Hart, A Study of Soiling and Soil Retention in Textile Fibers, Grease-Carbon Black Soil-Cotton Fiber Systems, Ibid. 23:158-163 (1953).
14. Getchell, N.F., Cotton Quality Study III: Resistance to Soiling, Ibid. 25:150-194 (1955).
15. Fort, T., Jr., H.R. Billica, and C.K. Sloan, Studies of Soiling and Detergency Part I: Observations of Naturally Soiled Textile Fibers, Ibid. 36:7-12 (1966).
16. Obendorf, S.K., and J.J. Webb, Detergency Study: Distribution of Natural Soils on Shirt Collars, Ibid. 57:557-563 (1987).
17. Mackenna, R.M.B., V.R. Wheatley, and A. Wormall, The Composition of the Surface Skin Fat ('sebum') from the Human Forearm, J. Invest. Derm. 15:33-47 (1950).
18. Mackenna, R.M.B., V.R. Wheatley, and A. Wormall, Studies of Sebum 2. Some Constituents of the Unsaponifiable Matter of Human Sebum, Biochem. J. 52:161-168 (1952).
19. Powe, W.C., and W.L. Marple, The Fatty Acid Composition of Clothes Soil, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 37:136-138 (1960).
20. Kissa, E., Evaluation of Detergency, in Detergency, Theory and Technology, edited by W.G. Cutler and E. Kissa, Surfactant Science Series, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1987, Vol. 20, pp. 1-89.
21. Farmer, E.H., and D.A. Sutton, The Course of Autoxidation Reactions in Polyisoprenes and Allied Compounds. Part II. Hydroperoxidic Structure and Chain Scission in Low-Molecular Polyisoprenes, J. Chem. Soc.:139-148 (1942).
22. Obendorf, S.K., and N.K. Klemash, Electron Microscopical Analysis of Oily Soil Penetration into Cotton and Polyester/Cotton Fabrics, Text. Res. J. 52:434-442 (1982).
23. Obendorf, S.K., Y.M.N. Namasté, and D.J. Durnam, A Microscopical Study of Residual Oily Soil Distribution on Fabrics of Varying Fiber Content, Ibid. 53:375-383 (1983).
24. Obendorf, S.K., Electron Microscopical Study of Soiling and Soil Removal, Textile Chem. Color. 20:11-15 (1988).
25. Rounds, M.A.J., M.E. Purchase, and B.F. Smith, Fatty Soil Retention and the Influence of Particulate and Fatty Soils on Yellowing of an Unfinished Dacron/Cotton Blend Fabric, Text. Res. J. 43:517-523 (1973).
26. Yokoyama, S., S. Shimauchi, and H. Mizushima, Studies on Fatty Soil on Polyester Fiber Using a Radioactive Tracer. (I) Comparison of the Washing Removability of Various Fatty Soils on Polyester and Cellulosic Fabrics, Sen'i Gakkaishi 23:444-448 (1967).
27. Yokoyama, S., S. Shimauchi, and H. Mizushima, Studies on Fatty Soil on Polyester Fiber Using a Radioactive Tracer. (II) Comparison of the Diffusibility of Various Soils on Polyester and Cellulose Films, Ibid. 23:449-154 (1967).
28. Powe, W.C., Removal of Fatty Soils from Cotton in Aqueous Detergent Systems, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 40:290-295 (1963).
29. Kissa, E., Kinetics of Oily Soil Release, Text. Res. J. 41:760-767 (1971).
30. Harker, R.P., Some Observations on the Mechanism of Detergency, J. Text. Inst. 50:T189-T222 (1959).
31. Stewart, J.C., and C.S. Whewell, The Removal of Oil from Wool and Its Relationship to Surface Structure, Text. Res. J. 30:912-918 (1960).
32. Lawrence, A.S.C., Polar Interaction in Detergency, in Surface Activity and Detergency, edited by K. Durham, Macmillan and Co. Ltd., New York, 1961, pp. 158-192.
33. McBain, J.W., Solubilization and Other Factors in Detergent Action, in Advances in Colloid Science, edited by E.O. Kraemer, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1942, Vol. 1, pp. 99-142.
34. Sosis, P., and W.D. Burch, Role of Oily Soils in Detergency Tests, Build Up of Residuals During Multiple Soil-Wash Cycles Studied by New Laboratory Test Procedure, Soap Cosmet. Chem. Spec. 49(7):32, 34, 36, 38 (1973).
35. Fort, T., H.R. Billica, and T.H. Grindstaff, Studies of Soiling and Detergency Part II: Detergency Experiments with Model Fatty Soils, Text. Res. J. 36:99-112 (1966).
36. Huisman, M.A., and M.A. Morris, A Study of the Removal of Synthetic Sebum from Durable-Press Fabrics Using a Liquid-Scintillation Technique, Ibid. 41:657-661 (1971).
37. Sontag, M.S., M.E. Purchase, and B.F. Smith, A Double-Label Radioactive Tracer Analysis of the Retention of Selected Fats on Cotton and Its Relation to Yellowing, Ibid. 40:529-536 (1970).
38. Sontag, M.S., M.E. Purchase, and B.F. Smith, Build-Up of Particulate and Organic Soils on Cotton, Polyester and Polyester/Cotton Fabrics, Am. Dyest. Rep. 58.-19-22, 40 (1969).
39. Gordon, B.E., J. Roddewig, and W.T. Shebs, A Double Label Radiotracer Approach to Detergency Studies, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 44:289-294 (1967).
40. Scott, B.A., Mechanism of Fatty Soil Removal, J. Appl. Chem. 13:133-144 (1963).
41. Gordon, B.E., Radiotracers in Fabric-Washing Studies, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 45:367-373 (1968).
42. Morris, M.A., and H.H. Prato, The Effect of Wash Temperature on Removal of Particulate and Oily Soil from Fabrics of Varying Fiber Content, Text. Res. J. 52:280-286 (1982).
43. Stevenson, D.G., A Microscopic Study of Molecular Complex Formation and Soil Removal, J. Text. Inst. 44:T12-T35 (1953).
44. Adam, N.K., Detergent Action and Its Relation to Wetting and Emulsification, J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 53(4):121-129 (1937).
45. Morrison, R.T., and R.N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 5th edn., Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1987, pp. 91, 260.
46. Weglinski, S.A., and S.K. Obendorf, Soil Distribution on Fabric After Laundering, Text. Chem. Color. 17:196-199 (1985).
47. Snell, F.D., C.T. Snell, and I. Reich, The Nature of Soil To Be Deterged and Its Bonding to the Surface, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 27:62-68 (1950).
48. Brown, C.B., S.H. Thompson, and G. Stewart, Oil Take Up and Removal by Washing from Polyester, Polyester/Cotton Blend and Other Fabrics, Text. Res. J. 38:735-743 (1968).
49. Wentz, M., A.C. Lloyd, and A. Watt, Experimental Removal of Stains, Text. Chem. Color. 7 (10):179-183 (1975).
50. Wagg, R.E., and C.J. Britt, Detergency Studies Using a Radioactive Tracer, J. Text. Inst. 53:T205-T216 (1962).
51. James, A.T., and V.R. Wheatley, Studies of Sebum, 6. The Determination of the Component Fatty Acids of Human Forearm Sebum by Gas-Liquid Chromatography, Biochem. J. 63:269-273 (1956).
52. Walter, E., Skin Fats and Their Characteristics, Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 61:188 (1959).
53. Matsunaga, S., H. Yoshimura, and T. Satsuki, Effect of Bleach-Containing Detergents on Yellowish Substances on Fabrics, presented at the American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting, 1994.
54. Kissa, E., Wetting and Wicking, Text. Res. J. 66:660-668 (1996).
55. Smith, S., and P.O. Sherman, Textile Characteristics Affecting the Release of Soil During Laundering Part I: A Review and Theoretical Consideration of the Effects of Fiber Surface Energy and Fabric Construction on Soil Release, Ibid. 39:441-149 (1969).
56. Tsuzuki, R., and N. Yabuuchi, Oleophilic Stain Release, Am. Dyest. Rep. 57:472-476 (1968).
57. Bowers, C.A., and G. Chantrey, Factors Controlling the Soiling of White Polyester Cotton Fabrics Part I: Laboratory Studies, Text. Res. J. 39:1-11 (1969).
58. Gohl, E.P.G., and L.D. Vilensky, Textile Science, An Explanation of Fiber Properties, 2nd edn., Longman Chesire, Melbourne, 1983, pp. 48, 82, 87, 110.
59. Reeves, W.A., T.A. Summers, and R.M. Reinhardt, Soiling, Staining and Yellowing Characteristics of Fabrics Treated with Resin or Formaldehyde, Text. Res. J. 50:711-717 (1980).
60. Lautenschlager, H.J., J. Bindl, and K.G. Huhn, Structure Activity Relationships of Aminofunctional Siloxanes as Components in Softening Finishes, Textile Chem. Color. 27 (3): 27-29 (1995).
61. Loeb, L., E.D. Morey, and R.O. Shuck, The Heat Yellowing of Cotton Fabric During High Temperature Drying, Am. Dyest. Rep. 55:703-708 (1966).
62. Rapson, W.H., C.B. Anderson, and G.F. King, Carbonyl Groups in Cellulose and Color Reversion, II. Hypochlorite Bleaching and Color Reversion, Tappi 43:442-447 (1958).
63. Evans, M.B., and R. Newton, Inverse Gas Chromatography in the Study of Polymer Degradation. Part I. Oxidation of Squalene as a Model for the Oxidative Degradation of Natural Rubber, Chromatographia 9:561-566 (1976).
64. Webb, J.J., and S.K. Obendorf, Detergency Study on the Synergism Between Oily and Particulate Soil on Polyester/Cotton Fabric, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 65:1357-1364 (1988).
65. Erhan, S.M., and T.A. Isbell, Estolide Production with Modified Clay Catalysts and Process Conditions, Ibid. 74:249-254 (1997).
66. Bacon, O.C., A Practical Laboratory Test for Evaluating Scouring Agents for Cotton, Am. Dyest. Rep. 34:P556-P561 (1945).
67. Virkola, N.E., Y. Hentola, and H. Sihtola, The Yellowing of Pulp III. Carboxyl Groups and Cations as Factors Affecting the Yellowing of Cellulose, Paperi ja Pun 40:627-634 (1958).
68. Sihtola, H., B. Anthoni, Y. Hentola, I. Palenius, and N.B. Virkola, The Yellowing of Pulp II, Ibid. 40:579-584 (1958).
69. Holme, I., Textile Yellowing During Storage, Text. Horizons (August):35-37 (1986).
70. Bangee, O.D., V.H. Wilson, G.C. East, and I. Holme, Antioxidant-Induced Yellowing of Textiles, Polym. Degrad. Stab. 50:313-317 (1995).
71. Smeltz, K.C., Why Do White Fabrics and Garments Turn Yellow During Storage in Polyethylene Bags and Wrappings?, Text. Chem. Color. 15 (4):52-56 (1983).
72. McLendon, V., and F. Richardson, Oxides of Nitrogen as a Factor in Color Changes of Used and Laundered Cotton Articles, Am. Dyest. Rep. 54:305-311 (1965).
73. Swern, D., Primary Products of Olefinic Autoxidations, in Antoxidation and Antioxidants, edited by Lundberg, Interscience Publishers, New York, 1961, Vol. I, pp. 1-54.
74. Gardner, H.W., Effects of Lipid Hydroperoxides on Food Components, in Xenobiotics in Foods and Feeds, edited by J.W. Finley and D.E. Schwass, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1983, pp. 63-84.
75. Frankel, E.N., Lipid Oxidation: Mechanisms, Products and Biological Significance, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 61:1908-1917 (1984).
76. Morand, J.L., Oxidation of Poly(isoprene), Rubber Chem. Tech. 47:1094-1115 (1974).
77. Chan, H.W.-S., The Mechanism of Autoxidation, in Antoxidation of Unsaturated Lipids, edited by H.W.-S. Chan, Academic Press Inc., London, 1987, pp. 1-16.
78. Franks, F., and B. Roberts, Quantitative Study of the Oxidative Discoloration of Ethyl Linoleate. I. Oxidation in the Bulk Phase, J. Appl. Chem. 13, 302-309 (1963).
79. Bateman, L., and J.L. Bolland, The Thermal and Photo Oxidation of Some Non-conjugated Olefins, in Proceedings of the XIth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. I, Inorganic and Geochemistry, Physical Chemistry, London, 1947, pp. 325-332.
80. Bateman, L., The Chemistry and Physics of Rubber-Like Substances, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1963, pp. 612-621.
81. Frankel, E.N., Volatile Lipid Oxidation Products, Prog. Lipid Res. 22:1-33 (1982).
82. Russell, G.A., Deuterium-Isotope Effects in the Autoxidation of Aralkyl Hydrocarbons. Mechanism of the Interaction of Peroxy Radicals, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79:3871-3877 (1957).
83. Frankel, E.N., W.E. Neff, and E. Selke, Analysis of Autoxidized Fats by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: VII. Volatile Thermal Decomposition Products of Pure Hydroperoxides from Autoxidized and Photosensitized Oxidized Methyl Oleate, Linoleate and Linolenate, Lipids 16:279-285 (1981).
84. Gaddis, A.M., R. Ellis, and G.T. Currie, Carbonyls in Oxidizing Fat. V. The Composition of Neutral Volatile Monocarbonyl Compounds from Autoxidized Oleate, Linoleate, Linolenate Ester and Fats, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 38:371-375 (1961).
85. Swern, D., J.T. Scanlan, and H.B. Knight, Mechanism of the Reactions of Oxygen with Fatty Materials. Advances from 1941 Through 1946, Ibid. 25:193-200 (1948).
86. Gardner, H.W., Reactions of Hydroperoxides-Products of High Molecular Weight, in Autoxidation of Unsaturated Lipids, edited by H.W.-S. Chan, Academic Press Inc., London, 1987, pp. 51-93.
87. Paulose, M.M., and S.S. Chang, Chemical Reactions Involved in the Deep-Fat Frying of Foods: VIII. Characterization of Nonvolatile Decomposition Products of Triolein, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 55:375- 380 (1978).
88. Pokorný, J., M.K. Kundu, S. Pokorný, M. Bleha, and J. Coupek, Lipid Oxidation. Part 4. Products of Thermooxidative Polymerization of Vegetable Oils, Die Nahrung 20:157-163 (1976).
89. Kaplan, M.L., and P.G. Kelleher, Polydiene Oxidations with Singlet Oxygen, Rubber Chem. Tech. 45:423-436 (1972).
90. Bolland, J.L., and P.T. Have, Kinetic Studies in the Chemistry of Rubber and Related Materials, Trans. Faraday Soc. 45:93-100 (1949).
91. Farmer, E.H., and D.A. Sutton, The Course of Autoxidation Reactions in Polyisoprenes and Allied Compounds. Part IV. The Isolation and Constitution of Photochemically-formed Methyl Oleate Peroxide, J. Chem. Soc.:119-122 (1943).
92. Bolland, J.L., and H. Hughes, The Primary Thermal Oxidation Product of Squalene, Ibid.:492-497 (1949).
93. Bevilacqua, E.M., Chain Scission in the Oxidation of Hevea, IV: Low-Molecular-Weight Products from Dry Rubber, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79:2915-2918 (1957).
94. Barnard, D., M.E. Cain, J.I. Cunneen, and T.H. Houseman, Oxidation of Vulcanized Natural Rubber, Rubber Chem. Tech. 45:381-401 (1972).
95. Bevilacqua, E.M., Thermal and Oxidative Degradation of Natural Rubber and Allied Substances, in Thermal Stability of Polymers, edited by R.T. Conley, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1970, Vol. 1, pp. 189-222.
96. Privett, O.S., M.L. Blank, J.B. Covell, and W.O. Lundberg, Yellowing of Oil Films, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 38:22-30 (1961).
97. Franks, F., and B. Roberts, Quantitative Study of the Oxidative Discoloration of Ethyl Linoleate. II. Oxidation on a Cotton Substrate, J. Appl. Chem. 35:109-117 (1965).
98. O'Neill, L.A., S.M. Rybicka, and T. Robey, Yellowing of Drying Oil Films, Chem. Ind. (October 13):1796-1797 (1962).
99. O'Daniel, L., and L.B. Parsons, A Rapid Test for Alpha Dicarbonyls, Oil and Soap 20 (4):72-74 (1943).
100. Karel, M., K. Schaich, and R.B. Roy, Interaction of Peroxidizing Methyl Linoleate with Some Proteins and Amino Acids, J. Agr. Food Chem. 23:159-163 (1975).
101. Tappel, A.L., Measurement of and Protection from in vivo Lipid Peroxidation, in Free Radicals in Biology, edited by W.A. Pryor, Academic Press, New York, 1980, Vol. IV, p. 1-47.
102. Nair, V., C.S. Cooper, D.E. Vietti, and G.A. Turner, The Chemistry of Lipid Peroxidation Metabolites: Crosslinking Reactions of Malondialdehyde, Lipids 21:6-10 (1986).
103. Ichinose, T., M.G. Miller, and T. Shibamoto, Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Free and Bound Malonaldehyde in Rat Liver Homogenates, Ibid. 24:895-898 (1989).
104. Nishida, T., and F.A. Kummerow, Interaction of Serum Lipoproteins with the Hydroperoxide of Methyl Linoleate, J. Lipid Res. 3:450-458 (1960).
105. Narayan, K.A., M. Sugai, and F.A. Kummerow, Complex Formation Between Oxidized Lipids and Egg Albumin, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 41:254-259 (1964).
106. Stare, F.J., Formation of Lipid-Protein Complexes, Nutr. Rev. 24 (5):147-149 (1966).
107. Roubal, W.T., and A.L. Tappel, Damage to Proteins, Enzymes and Amino Acids by Peroxidizing Lipids, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 113:5-8 (1966).
108. Roubal, W.T., and A.L. Tappel, Polymerization of Proteins Induced by Free-Radical Lipid Peroxidation, Ibid. 113:150-155 (1966).
109. Sugihara, R., H. Andoh, and T. Fujitani, A Change in Detergency of Fatty Soils Adhered to Clothes Owing to Autoxidation, Kaseigaku Zasshi (J. Home Economics) 34:782-787 (1983).
110. Wheatley, V.R., Seifen-Ole-Fette-Wachse 81:214 (1955).
111. Nicolaides, N., and R.C. Foster Jr., Esters in Human Hair Fat, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 33:404-409 (1956).
112. Bey, K., Analysis of Skin Fats from Worn Clothes, Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 65:611-618 (1963).
113. Shebs, W.T., Radioisotope Techniques in Detergency, in Detergency. Theory and Technology, edited by W.G. Cutler and E. Kissa, Surfactant Science Series, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1987, Vol. 20, pp. 125-191.