Doped organic light emitting diodes having a 650-nm-thick hole transport layer

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 72, Issue 17, 1998, Pages 2147-2149

  Yamamori, Asuka ^a   Adachi, Chihaya ^a   Koyama, Toshiki ^a   Taniguchi, Yoshio ^a  

^a SHINSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001008582     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.121304     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. See, for example, Inorganic and Organic Electroluminescence/EL96 Berlin, edited by R. H. Mauch and H.-E. Gumlich (Wissenschaft und Technik, Berlin, 1996).
2. Y. Yang and A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 1245 (1994).
3. H. Antoniadis, M. R. Hueschen, J. McElvain, J. N. Miller, R. L. Moon, D. B. Roitman, and J. R. Sheets, Am. Chem. Soc. Polym. Prepr. 38, 382 (1997).
4. J. R. Sheets, H. Antoniadis, M. R. Hueschen, W. Leonard, J. Miller, R. Moon, D. Roitman, and A. Stocking, Science 273, 884 (1996).
5. Y. Shirota, Y. Kuwabara, and H. Inada, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 807 (1994).
6. See, for example, Proceedings of Conference for Electronic Materials in Santa Barbara, CA, 1996, and Photoinduced Charge Transfer Center Symposium: Materials for Electronics and Imaging in Rochester, NY, 1997.
7. Q. Pei, G. Yu, C. Zhang, Y. Yang, and A. J. Heeger, Science 269, 1086 (1995).
8. Q. Pei, Y. Yang, G. Yu, C. Zhang, and A. J. Heeger, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 3922 (1996).
9. Y. Yang and Q. Pei, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2708 (1996).
10. Q. Pei and Y. Yang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 7416 (1996).
11. V. Cimrova, W. Schmidt, R. Rulkens, M. Schulze, W. Meyer, and D. Neher, Adv. Mater. 8, 585 (1996).
12. Y. Cao, G. Yu, A. J. Heeger, and C. Y. Yang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 3218 (1996).
13. J. Gao, G. Yu, and A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 1293 (1997).
14. Y. Yang and Q. Pei, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 3294 (1997).
15. Y. Yang and Q. Pei, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 1926 (1997).
16. Y. Yamamoto, S. Kanda, S. Kusabayashi, T. Nogaito, K. Ito, and H. Mikawa, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 38, 2015 (1965).
17. F. A. Bell, A. Ledwith, and D. C. Scherrington, J. Chem. Soc. C, 2719 (1969).
18. H. Block, M. A. Cowd, and S. M. Walker, Polymer 18, 781 (1977).
19. R. H. Partridge, Polymer 24, 733 (1983).
20. W. Mychajlowskij, G. Liebermann, W. W. Limburg, J. F. Yanus, and D. K. Murti, U.S. Patent No. 5,419,992 (May 30, 1995).
21. C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913 (1987).
22. S. A. VanSlyke, C. H. Chen, and C. W. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 2160 (1996).
23. Ionization potentials were determined using a Riken-Keiki AC-1.
24. C. Adachi, T. Tsutsui, and S. Saito, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 531 (1990).
25. F. Hide, M. A. Diaz-Garcia, B. J. Schwartz, M. R. Andersson, P. Pei, and A. J. Heeger, Science 273, 1833 (1996).
26. M. A. Diaz-Garcia, F. Hide, B. J. Schwartz, M. D. McGehee, M. R. Andersson, and A. J. Heeger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 3191 (1997).
27. N. D. Kumar, J. D. Bhawalkar, P. N. Prasad, F. E. Karaz, and B. Hu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 999 (1997).
28. V. G. Kozlov, V. Bulovic, P. E. Burrows, and S. R. Forrest, Nature (London) 389, 362 (1997).
29. F. Hide, B. J. Schwartz, M. A. Diaz-Garcia, and A. J. Heeger, Chem. Phys. Lett. 256, 424 (1996).