메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 88, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 258-269

Nonlocal transplantation and outbreeding depression in the subshrub Lotus scoparius (Fabaceae)

Author keywords

Coastal sage scrub; Common garden; Cumulative fitness; Ecological genetics; Environmental distance; Genetic distance; Geographic distance; Local adaptation; Restoration; Seed source

Indexed keywords


EID: 0000829104     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2657017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (178)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0002797202 scopus 로고
    • Hybridization of the habitat
    • ANDERSON, E. 1948. Hybridization of the habitat. Evolution 2: 1-9.
    • (1948) Evolution , vol.2 , pp. 1-9
    • Anderson, E.1
  • 2
    • 0343996999 scopus 로고
    • Prepared by Sycamore Associates for the California Department of Parks and Recreation, Lafayette, California
    • ANONYMOUS. 1992. Guidelines for Management of Genetic Resources in the California State Park System. Prepared by Sycamore Associates for the California Department of Parks and Recreation, Lafayette, California.
    • (1992) Guidelines for Management of Genetic Resources in the California State Park System
  • 3
    • 57649181464 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants
    • BRADSHAW, A. D. 1965. Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Advances in Genetics 13: 115-155.
    • (1965) Advances in Genetics , vol.13 , pp. 115-155
    • Bradshaw, A.D.1
  • 4
    • 0000873912 scopus 로고
    • Ecological significance of genetic variation between populations
    • R. Dirzo and J. Sarukhan [eds.], Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
    • _. 1984. Ecological significance of genetic variation between populations. In R. Dirzo and J. Sarukhan [eds.], Perspectives on plant population ecology, 213-228. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1984) Perspectives on Plant Population Ecology , pp. 213-228
  • 5
    • 0001837718 scopus 로고
    • An association between variability in ovule development within ovaries and self-incompatibility in Lotus (Leguminosae)
    • BUBAR, J. S. 1958. An association between variability in ovule development within ovaries and self-incompatibility in Lotus (Leguminosae). Canadian Journal of Botany 36: 65-72.
    • (1958) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.36 , pp. 65-72
    • Bubar, J.S.1
  • 6
    • 0032229318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cross proximity on progeny fitness in a rare and a common species of Eupatorium (Asteraceae)
    • BYERS, D. L. 1998. Effect of cross proximity on progeny fitness in a rare and a common species of Eupatorium (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany 85: 644-653.
    • (1998) American Journal of Botany , vol.85 , pp. 644-653
    • Byers, D.L.1
  • 7
    • 0023501423 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of plant mating systems: Multilocus simulations of pollen dispersal
    • CAMPBELL, D., AND N. M. WASER. 1987. The evolution of plant mating systems: multilocus simulations of pollen dispersal. American Naturalist 129: 593-609.
    • (1987) American Naturalist , vol.129 , pp. 593-609
    • Campbell, D.1    Waser, N.M.2
  • 8
    • 0005729408 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on the nature of species, IV. Genetic structure of ecological races
    • Washington, D.C., USA
    • CLAUSEN, J., AND W. M. HIESEY. 1958. Experimental studies on the nature of species, IV. Genetic structure of ecological races. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 615, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (1958) Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 615
    • Clausen, J.1    Hiesey, W.M.2
  • 9
    • 0003217382 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on the nature of species. I. Effect of varied environments on western North American plants
    • Washington, D.C., USA
    • CLAUSEN, J., D. D. KECK, AND W. M. HIESEY. 1940. Experimental studies on the nature of species. I. Effect of varied environments on western North American plants. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 520, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (1940) Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 520
    • Clausen, J.1    Keck, D.D.2    Hiesey, W.M.3
  • 10
    • 0001146084 scopus 로고
    • Heredity of geographically and ecologically isolated races
    • _, _, AND _. 1947. Heredity of geographically and ecologically isolated races. American Naturalist 81: 114-133.
    • (1947) American Naturalist , vol.81 , pp. 114-133
  • 12
    • 0343996957 scopus 로고
    • Growth data for 29 years from the California elevational transect study of ponderosa pine
    • CONKLE, M. T. 1973. Growth data for 29 years from the California elevational transect study of ponderosa pine. Forest Science 19: 31-39.
    • (1973) Forest Science , vol.19 , pp. 31-39
    • Conkle, M.T.1
  • 13
    • 0027871712 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of breeding system to rarity in the lakeside daisy (Hymenoxys acaulis var. glabra.)
    • DEMAURO, M. M. 1993. Relationship of breeding system to rarity in the lakeside daisy (Hymenoxys acaulis var. glabra.). Conservation Biology 7: 542-550.
    • (1993) Conservation Biology , vol.7 , pp. 542-550
    • Demauro, M.M.1
  • 14
    • 0025591927 scopus 로고
    • Relative fitness of selfed and outcrossed progeny in a self-compatible, protandrous species, Sabatia angularis L. (Gentianaceae): A comparison in three environments
    • DUDASH, M. R. 1990. Relative fitness of selfed and outcrossed progeny in a self-compatible, protandrous species, Sabatia angularis L. (Gentianaceae): a comparison in three environments. Evolution 44: 1129-1139.
    • (1990) Evolution , vol.44 , pp. 1129-1139
    • Dudash, M.R.1
  • 15
    • 0033451185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterosis and outbreeding depression in interpopulation crosses spanning a wide range of divergence
    • EDMANDS, S. 1999. Heterosis and outbreeding depression in interpopulation crosses spanning a wide range of divergence. Evolution 53: 1757-1768.
    • (1999) Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 1757-1768
    • Edmands, S.1
  • 16
    • 0027879840 scopus 로고
    • Population genetic consequences of small population size: Implications for plant conservation
    • ELLSTRAND, N. C., AND D. R. ELAM. 1993. Population genetic consequences of small population size: implications for plant conservation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 24: 217-242.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.24 , pp. 217-242
    • Ellstrand, N.C.1    Elam, D.R.2
  • 17
    • 0026345651 scopus 로고
    • Heterosis and outbreeding depression: A multilocus model and an application to salmon production
    • EMLEN, J. M. 1991. Heterosis and outbreeding depression: a multilocus model and an application to salmon production. Fisheries Research 12: 187-212.
    • (1991) Fisheries Research , vol.12 , pp. 187-212
    • Emlen, J.M.1
  • 19
    • 0003604090 scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
    • _. 1986. Natural selection in the wild. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
    • (1986) Natural Selection in the Wild
  • 20
    • 0026007267 scopus 로고
    • Gene flow in Chamaecrista fasciculata (Leguminosae) II. Gene establishment
    • FENSTER, C. B. 1991. Gene flow in Chamaecrista fasciculata (Leguminosae) II. Gene establishment. Evolution 45: 410-422.
    • (1991) Evolution , vol.45 , pp. 410-422
    • Fenster, C.B.1
  • 21
    • 0003154006 scopus 로고
    • Genetic considerations for plant population restoration and conservation
    • M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan [eds.], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • _, AND M. R. DUDASH. 1994. Genetic considerations for plant population restoration and conservation. In M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan [eds.], Restoration of endangered species: conceptual issues, planning, and implementation, 34-62. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1994) Restoration of Endangered Species: Conceptual Issues, Planning, and Implementation , pp. 34-62
    • Dudash, M.R.1
  • 23
    • 0028978178 scopus 로고
    • Effects of outcrossing distance and selfing on fitness components in the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe (Gentianaceae)
    • GERARD, J., B. OOSTERMEIJER, R. G. M. ALTENBURG, AND H. C. M. DEN NIJS. 1995. Effects of outcrossing distance and selfing on fitness components in the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe (Gentianaceae). Acta Botanica Neerlandica 44: 257-268.
    • (1995) Acta Botanica Neerlandica , vol.44 , pp. 257-268
    • Gerard, J.1    Oostermeijer, B.2    Altenburg, R.G.M.3    Den Nijs, H.C.M.4
  • 24
    • 0026312562 scopus 로고
    • Two generations of hybrids between even- and odd-year pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha): A test for outbreeding depression?
    • GHARRETT, A. J., AND W. W. SMOKER. 1991. Two generations of hybrids between even- and odd-year pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha): a test for outbreeding depression? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48: 1744-1749.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.48 , pp. 1744-1749
    • Gharrett, A.J.1    Smoker, W.W.2
  • 25
    • 0002172012 scopus 로고
    • Electrophoretic evidence and plant populations
    • GOTTLIEB, L. D. 1981. Electrophoretic evidence and plant populations. Progress in Photochemistry 7: 1-46.
    • (1981) Progress in Photochemistry , vol.7 , pp. 1-46
    • Gottlieb, L.D.1
  • 26
    • 0011801273 scopus 로고
    • Genetic and demographic considerations in the sampling and reintroduction of rare plants
    • P. L. Fiedler and S. K. Jain [eds.], Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA
    • GUERRANT, E. O., JR. 1992. Genetic and demographic considerations in the sampling and reintroduction of rare plants. In P. L. Fiedler and S. K. Jain [eds.], Conservation biology: the theory and practice of nature conservation, preservation, and management, 321-344. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1992) Conservation Biology: The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation, Preservation, and Management , pp. 321-344
    • Guerrant Jr., E.O.1
  • 27
    • 0000833048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing populations: Demographic, genetic, and horticultural dimensions
    • D. A. Falk, C. I. Millar, and M. Olwell [eds.], Island Press, Covelo, California, USA
    • _. 1996. Designing populations: demographic, genetic, and horticultural dimensions. In D. A. Falk, C. I. Millar, and M. Olwell [eds.], Restoring diversity: strategies for reintroduction of endangered plants, 171-207. Island Press, Covelo, California, USA.
    • (1996) Restoring Diversity: Strategies for Reintroduction of Endangered Plants , pp. 171-207
  • 28
    • 0002190266 scopus 로고
    • Correlations between species traits and allozyme diversity: Implications for conservation biology
    • D. A. Falk and K. E. Holsinger [eds.], Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA
    • HAMRICK, J. L., M. J. W. GODT, D. A. MURAWSKI, AND M. D. LOVELESS. 1991. Correlations between species traits and allozyme diversity: implications for conservation biology. In D. A. Falk and K. E. Holsinger [eds.], Genetics and conservation of rare plants, 75-86. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1991) Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants , pp. 75-86
    • Hamrick, J.L.1    Godt, M.J.W.2    Murawski, D.A.3    Loveless, M.D.4
  • 29
    • 0032811931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological speciation in stickle-backs: Environment-dependent hybrid fitness
    • HATFIELD, T., AND D. SCHLUTER. 1999. Ecological speciation in stickle-backs: environment-dependent hybrid fitness. Evolution 53: 866-873.
    • (1999) Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 866-873
    • Hatfield, T.1    Schluter, D.2
  • 31
    • 0001542269 scopus 로고
    • Leguminosae of the United States. III. Subfamily Papilionoidae: Tribes Sophoreae, Podalyrieae, Loteae
    • ISELY, D. 1981. Leguminosae of the United States. III. Subfamily Papilionoidae: tribes Sophoreae, Podalyrieae, Loteae. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 25: 1-264.
    • (1981) Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , vol.25 , pp. 1-264
    • Isely, D.1
  • 32
    • 0033301186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floral morphological changes and reproductive success in deer weed (Lotus scoparius, Fabaceae)
    • JONES, C. E., AND M. B. CRUZAN. 1999. Floral morphological changes and reproductive success in deer weed (Lotus scoparius, Fabaceae). American Journal of Botany 86: 273-277.
    • (1999) American Journal of Botany , vol.86 , pp. 273-277
    • Jones, C.E.1    Cruzan, M.B.2
  • 33
    • 0030302262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of surrounding vegetation and transplant age on the detection of local adaptation in the perennial grass Aristida stricta
    • KINDELL, C. E., A. A. WINN, AND T. E. MILLER. 1996. The effects of surrounding vegetation and transplant age on the detection of local adaptation in the perennial grass Aristida stricta. Journal of Ecology 84: 745-754.
    • (1996) Journal of Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 745-754
    • Kindell, C.E.1    Winn, A.A.2    Miller, T.E.3
  • 34
    • 0002770382 scopus 로고
    • The community composition of California coastal sage scrub
    • KIRKPATRICK, J. B., AND C. F. HUTCHINSON. 1977. The community composition of California coastal sage scrub. Vegetatio 35: 21-33.
    • (1977) Vegetatio , vol.35 , pp. 21-33
    • Kirkpatrick, J.B.1    Hutchinson, C.F.2
  • 35
    • 0025693303 scopus 로고
    • Managing genetic diversity in a tree improvement program
    • KITZMILLER, J. H. 1990. Managing genetic diversity in a tree improvement program. Forest Ecology and Management 35: 131-149.
    • (1990) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.35 , pp. 131-149
    • Kitzmiller, J.H.1
  • 36
    • 0002727620 scopus 로고
    • Starting from seed: Genetic issues in using native grasses for restoration
    • KNAPP, E. E., AND K. J. RICE. 1994. Starting from seed: genetic issues in using native grasses for restoration. Restoration and Management Notes 12: 40-45.
    • (1994) Restoration and Management Notes , vol.12 , pp. 40-45
    • Knapp, E.E.1    Rice, K.J.2
  • 37
    • 0031782701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of isozymes and quantitative traits for evaluating patterns of genetic variation in purple needlegrass (Nassella pulchra)
    • _, AND _. 1998. Comparison of isozymes and quantitative traits for evaluating patterns of genetic variation in purple needlegrass (Nassella pulchra). Conservation Biology 12: 1031-1041.
    • (1998) Conservation Biology , vol.12 , pp. 1031-1041
  • 38
    • 0000773027 scopus 로고
    • Two hundred years genecology
    • LANGLET, O. 1971. Two hundred years genecology. Taxon 20: 653-721.
    • (1971) Taxon , vol.20 , pp. 653-721
    • Langlet, O.1
  • 39
    • 0026299627 scopus 로고
    • Genetic consequences of rarity in Aster furcatus (Asteraceae), a threatened, self-incompatible plant
    • LES, D. H., J. A. REINARTZ, AND E. J. ESSELMAN. 1991. Genetic consequences of rarity in Aster furcatus (Asteraceae), a threatened, self-incompatible plant. Evolution 45: 1641-1650.
    • (1991) Evolution , vol.45 , pp. 1641-1650
    • Les, D.H.1    Reinartz, J.A.2    Esselman, E.J.3
  • 40
    • 0000452338 scopus 로고
    • The origin of isolating mechanisms in flowering plants
    • LEVIN, D. A. 1978. The origin of isolating mechanisms in flowering plants. Evolutionary Biology 11: 185-317.
    • (1978) Evolutionary Biology , vol.11 , pp. 185-317
    • Levin, D.A.1
  • 41
    • 0037687537 scopus 로고
    • Immigration in plants: An exercise in the subjunctive
    • R. Dirzo and J. Sarukhán [eds.], Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
    • _. 1984. Immigration in plants: an exercise in the subjunctive. In R. Dirzo and J. Sarukhán [eds.], Perspectives on plant population biology, 242-260. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1984) Perspectives on Plant Population Biology , pp. 242-260
  • 42
    • 48549112186 scopus 로고
    • Pollen-stigma interaction in the Leguminosae: Stigma organization and the breeding system in Vicia faba L.
    • LORD, E. M., AND Y. HESLOP-HARRISON. 1984. Pollen-stigma interaction in the Leguminosae: stigma organization and the breeding system in Vicia faba L. Annals of Botany 54: 827-836.
    • (1984) Annals of Botany , vol.54 , pp. 827-836
    • Lord, E.M.1    Heslop-Harrison, Y.2
  • 43
    • 0001001955 scopus 로고
    • The genetic interpretation of inbreeding depression and outbreeding depression
    • LYNCH, M. 1991. The genetic interpretation of inbreeding depression and outbreeding depression. Evolution 45: 622-629.
    • (1991) Evolution , vol.45 , pp. 622-629
    • Lynch, M.1
  • 45
    • 0343996941 scopus 로고
    • Forest tree seed policy of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
    • MCCALL, M. A. 1939. Forest tree seed policy of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Journal of Forestry 37: 820-821.
    • (1939) Journal of Forestry , vol.37 , pp. 820-821
    • Mccall, M.A.1
  • 46
    • 0000289286 scopus 로고
    • Habitat correlated variation in firecracker Penstemon (Penstemon eatonii gray: Scrophulariaceae) seed germination response
    • MEYER, S. E. 1992. Habitat correlated variation in firecracker Penstemon (Penstemon eatonii gray: Scrophulariaceae) seed germination response. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 119: 268-279.
    • (1992) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.119 , pp. 268-279
    • Meyer, S.E.1
  • 47
    • 0028166074 scopus 로고
    • Life history variation in blue flax (Linum perenne: Linaceae): seed germination phenology
    • _, AND S. G. KITCHEN. 1994. Life history variation in blue flax (Linum perenne: Linaceae): seed germination phenology. American Journal of Botany 81: 528-535.
    • (1994) American Journal of Botany , vol.81 , pp. 528-535
    • Kitchen, S.G.1
  • 48
    • 0024932368 scopus 로고
    • Variation in germination response to temperature in rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus: Asteraceae) and its ecological implications
    • _, E. D. MCARTHUR, AND G. L. JORGENSEN. 1989. Variation in germination response to temperature in rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus: Asteraceae) and its ecological implications. American Journal of Botany 76: 981-991.
    • (1989) American Journal of Botany , vol.76 , pp. 981-991
    • Mcarthur, E.D.1    Jorgensen, G.L.2
  • 49
    • 0000116533 scopus 로고
    • Habitat-correlated variation in mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana) seed germination patterns
    • _, AND S. B. MONSEN. 1991. Habitat-correlated variation in mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana) seed germination patterns. Ecology 72: 739-742.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 739-742
    • Monsen, S.B.1
  • 50
    • 0026498150 scopus 로고
    • Big sagebrush germination patterns: Subspecies and population differences
    • _, AND _. 1992. Big sagebrush germination patterns: subspecies and population differences. Journal of Range Management 45: 87-93.
    • (1992) Journal of Range Management , vol.45 , pp. 87-93
  • 51
    • 0025694251 scopus 로고
    • Germination response of Artemesia tridentata (Asteraceae) to light and chill: Patterns of between-population variation
    • _, _, AND E. D. MCARTHUR. 1990. Germination response of Artemesia tridentata (Asteraceae) to light and chill: patterns of between-population variation. Botanical Gazette 151: 176-183.
    • (1990) Botanical Gazette , vol.151 , pp. 176-183
    • Mcarthur, E.D.1
  • 52
    • 0024944559 scopus 로고
    • Disneyland or native ecosystem: Genetics and the restorationist
    • MILLAR, C. I., AND W. J. LIBBY. 1989. Disneyland or native ecosystem: genetics and the restorationist. Restoration and Management Notes 7: 18-24.
    • (1989) Restoration and Management Notes , vol.7 , pp. 18-24
    • Millar, C.I.1    Libby, W.J.2
  • 53
    • 0001435568 scopus 로고
    • Strategies for conserving clinal, ecotypic, and disjunct population diversity in widespread species
    • D. A. Falk and K. E. Holsinger [eds.], Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA
    • _, AND _. 1991. Strategies for conserving clinal, ecotypic, and disjunct population diversity in widespread species. In D. A. Falk and K. E. Holsinger [eds.], Genetics and conservation of rare plants, 149-170. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1991) Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants , pp. 149-170
  • 54
    • 0000491683 scopus 로고
    • California pollination ecology and vegetation types
    • MOLDENKE, A. R. 1976. California pollination ecology and vegetation types. Phytologia 34: 305-361.
    • (1976) Phytologia , vol.34 , pp. 305-361
    • Moldenke, A.R.1
  • 55
    • 0028165112 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding depression and maternal effects in Aquilegia caerulea, a partially selfing plant
    • MONTALVO, A. M. 1994. Inbreeding depression and maternal effects in Aquilegia caerulea, a partially selfing plant. Ecology 75: 2395-2409.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 2395-2409
    • Montalvo, A.M.1
  • 56
    • 0342690535 scopus 로고
    • Restauración de habitats con plantas nativas: Consideraciones genéticas que afectan a la viabilidad de la población
    • A. Pastor-López and E. Seva [eds.], Coleccion Seminarios, Instituto de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert. EXCMA, Diputación de Alicante, Espana
    • _. 1995. Restauración de habitats con plantas nativas: consideraciones genéticas que afectan a la viabilidad de la población. In A. Pastor-López and E. Seva [eds.], Restauración de la cubierta vegetal en ecosistemas Mediterráneos, 179-192, Coleccion Seminarios, vol. 7. Instituto de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert. EXCMA, Diputación de Alicante, Espana.
    • (1995) Restauración de la Cubierta Vegetal en Ecosistemas Mediterráneos , vol.7 , pp. 179-192
  • 57
    • 0343124816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitness consequences of non-local transplantation: Preliminary tests of the home team advantage and out-breeding depression hypotheses
    • J. E. Keeley, M. B. Keeley, and C. J. Fotheringham [eds.], U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-62, Washington, D.C., USA
    • _, AND N. C. ELLSTRAND. 2000a. Fitness consequences of non-local transplantation: preliminary tests of the home team advantage and out-breeding depression hypotheses. In J. E. Keeley, M. B. Keeley, and C. J. Fotheringham [eds.], Proceedings of the 2nd interface between ecology and land development in California, 227-236. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-62, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the 2nd Interface between Ecology and Land Development in California , pp. 227-236
    • Ellstrand, N.C.1
  • 58
    • 0033851914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplantation of the subshrub Lotus scoparius: I. Test of the home site advantage hypothesis
    • _, AND _. 2000b. Transplantation of the subshrub Lotus scoparius: I. Test of the home site advantage hypothesis. Conservation Biology. 14: 1034-1045.
    • (2000) Conservation Biology , vol.14 , pp. 1034-1045
  • 60
    • 0018147653 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals
    • NEI, M. 1978. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583-590.
    • (1978) Genetics , vol.89 , pp. 583-590
    • Nei, M.1
  • 61
    • 36849152286 scopus 로고
    • Pollen dispersal and optimal out-crossing in Delphinium nelsoni
    • PRICE, M. V., AND N. M. WASER. 1979. Pollen dispersal and optimal out-crossing in Delphinium nelsoni. Nature 277: 294-297.
    • (1979) Nature , vol.277 , pp. 294-297
    • Price, M.V.1    Waser, N.M.2
  • 65
    • 0030426953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding depression and outbreeding depression in plants
    • SCHIERUP, M. H., AND F. B. CHRISTIANSEN. 1996. Inbreeding depression and outbreeding depression in plants. Heredity 77: 461-468.
    • (1996) Heredity , vol.77 , pp. 461-468
    • Schierup, M.H.1    Christiansen, F.B.2
  • 66
    • 0022206472 scopus 로고
    • The comparative demography of reciprocally sown populations of Phlox drummondii Hook. I. Survivorships, fecundities, and finite rates of increase
    • SCHMIDT, K. P., AND D. A. LEVIN. 1985. The comparative demography of reciprocally sown populations of Phlox drummondii Hook. I. Survivorships, fecundities, and finite rates of increase. Evolution 39: 396-404.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 396-404
    • Schmidt, K.P.1    Levin, D.A.2
  • 67
    • 0022223743 scopus 로고
    • The genetic basis of the ecological amplitude of Spartina patens II. Variation and correlation analysis
    • SILANDER, J. A. 1985. The genetic basis of the ecological amplitude of Spartina patens II. Variation and correlation analysis. Evolution 39: 1034-1052.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 1034-1052
    • Silander, J.A.1
  • 69
    • 0000787672 scopus 로고
    • The inviability, weakness, and sterility of interspecific hybrids
    • M. Demerec [ed.], Academic Press, Inc., New York, New York, USA
    • STEBBINS, G. L. 1958. The inviability, weakness, and sterility of interspecific hybrids. In M. Demerec [ed.], Advances in genetics, vol. 9, 147-215. Academic Press, Inc., New York, New York, USA.
    • (1958) Advances in Genetics , vol.9 , pp. 147-215
    • Stebbins, G.L.1
  • 70
    • 0026096697 scopus 로고
    • Geographic distribution of flower morphological traits in subspecies of Lotus scoparius
    • STEPPAN, S. J. 1991. Geographic distribution of flower morphological traits in subspecies of Lotus scoparius. Journal of Biogeography 18: 321-331.
    • (1991) Journal of Biogeography , vol.18 , pp. 321-331
    • Steppan, S.J.1
  • 71
    • 0019818240 scopus 로고
    • Biosys-1: A FORTRAN program for the comprehensive analysis of electrophoretic data in population genetics and systematics
    • SWOFFORD, D. L., AND R. B. SELANDER. 1981. Biosys-1: a FORTRAN program for the comprehensive analysis of electrophoretic data in population genetics and systematics. Journal of Heredity 72: 281-283.
    • (1981) Journal of Heredity , vol.72 , pp. 281-283
    • Swofford, D.L.1    Selander, R.B.2
  • 72
    • 0001912387 scopus 로고
    • Coadaptation and outbreeding depression
    • M. E. Soulé [ed.], Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
    • TEMPLETON, A. R. 1986. Coadaptation and outbreeding depression. In M. E. Soulé [ed.], Conservation biology: the science of scarcity and diversity, 105-116. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1986) Conservation Biology: the Science of Scarcity and Diversity , pp. 105-116
    • Templeton, A.R.1
  • 73
    • 84977255802 scopus 로고
    • The genotypical response of the plant species to the habitat
    • TURESSON, G. 1922. The genotypical response of the plant species to the habitat. Hereditas 3: 211-350.
    • (1922) Hereditas , vol.3 , pp. 211-350
    • Turesson, G.1
  • 74
    • 0000367253 scopus 로고
    • The plant species in relation to habitat and climate
    • _. 1925. The plant species in relation to habitat and climate. Hereditas 6: 147-236.
    • (1925) Hereditas , vol.6 , pp. 147-236
  • 75
    • 84982059946 scopus 로고
    • The selective effect of climate upon the plant species
    • _. 1930. The selective effect of climate upon the plant species. Hereditas 14: 99-152.
    • (1930) Hereditas , vol.14 , pp. 99-152
  • 76
    • 0030799660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). IV. Reciprocal transplant experiments
    • WANG, H., E. D. MCARTHUR, S. C. SANDERSON, J. H. GRAHAM, AND D. C. FREEMAN. 1997. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). IV. Reciprocal transplant experiments. Evolution 51: 95-102.
    • (1997) Evolution , vol.51 , pp. 95-102
    • Wang, H.1    Mcarthur, E.D.2    Sanderson, S.C.3    Graham, J.H.4    Freeman, D.C.5
  • 77
    • 0002515701 scopus 로고
    • Population structure, optimal outbreeding, and assortative mating in angiosperms
    • N. W. Thornhill [ed.], The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, Illinois, USA
    • WASER, N. M. 1993. Population structure, optimal outbreeding, and assortative mating in angiosperms. In N. W. Thornhill [ed.], The natural history of inbreeding and outbreeding: theoretical and empirical perspectives, 173-199. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
    • (1993) The Natural History of Inbreeding and Outbreeding: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives , pp. 173-199
    • Waser, N.M.1
  • 78
    • 0024873612 scopus 로고
    • Optimal outcrossing in lpomopsis aggregata: Seed set and offspring fitness
    • WASER, N. M., AND M. V. PRICE. 1989. Optimal outcrossing in lpomopsis aggregata: seed set and offspring fitness. Evolution 43: 1097-1109.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 1097-1109
    • Waser, N.M.1    Price, M.V.2
  • 79
    • 0028189716 scopus 로고
    • Crossing-distance effects in Delphinium nelsonii: Outbreeding and inbreeding depression in progeny fitness
    • _, AND _. 1994. Crossing-distance effects in Delphinium nelsonii: outbreeding and inbreeding depression in progeny fitness. Evolution 48: 842-852.
    • (1994) Evolution , vol.48 , pp. 842-852
  • 80
    • 0034102130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outbreeding depression varies among cohorts of Ipomopsis aggregata planted in nature
    • _, _, AND R. G. SHAW. 2000. Outbreeding depression varies among cohorts of Ipomopsis aggregata planted in nature. Evolution 54: 485-491.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 485-491
    • Shaw, R.G.1
  • 82
    • 0021072463 scopus 로고
    • Xeric Mediterranean-type shrubland associations of Alta and Baja California and the community/continuum debate
    • WESTMAN, W. E. 1983. Xeric Mediterranean-type shrubland associations of Alta and Baja California and the community/continuum debate. Vegetatio 52: 3-19.
    • (1983) Vegetatio , vol.52 , pp. 3-19
    • Westman, W.E.1
  • 83
    • 3743105508 scopus 로고
    • AOSCA approves certification guidelines for wildland collected seed
    • YOUNG, S., S. KITCHEN, J. ARMSTRONG, AND V. WATSON. 1995. AOSCA approves certification guidelines for wildland collected seed. Seed World January: 20-21.
    • (1995) Seed World , vol.JANUARY , pp. 20-21
    • Young, S.1    Kitchen, S.2    Armstrong, J.3    Watson, V.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.