메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue D17, 1999, Pages 21819-21828

Tropospheric hydroxyl and atomic chlorine concentrations, and mixing timescales determined from hydrocarbon and halocarbon measurements made over the Southern Ocean

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACE 1; BOUNDARY LAYER; CHLORINE; HALOCARBON; HYDROCARBON; HYDROXYL RADICAL; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; MIXING; TROPOSPHERE;

EID: 0000761178     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900203     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (122)

References (59)
  • 2
    • 1542573411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The International Global Atmospheric chemistry (IGAC) project's First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Overview
    • Bates, T. S., B. J. Huebert, J. L. Gras, F. B. Griffiths, and P. A. Durkee, The International Global Atmospheric chemistry (IGAC) project's First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Overview, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,297-16,318, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Bates, T.S.1    Huebert, B.J.2    Gras, J.L.3    Griffiths, F.B.4    Durkee, P.A.5
  • 3
    • 0022833893 scopus 로고
    • Global atmospheric concentration and source strength of ethane
    • Blake, D. R., and F. S. Rowland, Global atmospheric concentration and source strength of ethane, Nature. 321, 231-233, 1986.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.321 , pp. 231-233
    • Blake, D.R.1    Rowland, F.S.2
  • 4
    • 0027061057 scopus 로고
    • Summertime measurements of selected nonmethane hydrocarbons in the Arctic and subarctic during the 1988 Arctic Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE-3A)
    • Blake, D. R., D. F. Hurst, T. W. Smith Jr., W. J. Whipple, T. Y. Chen, N. J. Blake, and F. S. Rowland, Summertime measurements of selected nonmethane hydrocarbons in the Arctic and subarctic during the 1988 Arctic Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE-3A), J. Geophys. Res., 97, 16,559-16,588, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97
    • Blake, D.R.1    Hurst, D.F.2    Smith Jr., T.W.3    Whipple, W.J.4    Chen, T.Y.5    Blake, N.J.6    Rowland, F.S.7
  • 5
    • 0000570046 scopus 로고
    • Effects of biomass burning on summertime nonmethane hydrocarbon concentrations in the Canadian wetlands
    • Blake, D. R., T. W. Smith Jr., T. Y. Chen, W. J. Whipple, and F. S. Rowland, Effects of biomass burning on summertime nonmethane hydrocarbon concentrations in the Canadian wetlands, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 1699-1719, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 1699-1719
    • Blake, D.R.1    Smith Jr., T.W.2    Chen, T.Y.3    Whipple, W.J.4    Rowland, F.S.5
  • 6
    • 0029757530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonmethane hydrocarbon and halocarbon distributions during Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange, June 1992
    • Blake, D. R., N. J. Blake, T. W. Smith Jr., O. W. Wingenter, and F. S. Rowland, Nonmethane hydrocarbon and halocarbon distributions during Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange, June 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4501-4514, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 4501-4514
    • Blake, D.R.1    Blake, N.J.2    Smith Jr., T.W.3    Wingenter, O.W.4    Rowland, F.S.5
  • 7
    • 84991909878 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of atmospheric hydroxyl radical concentrations from the observed decay of many reactive hydrocarbons in well-defined urban plumes
    • Blake, N. J., S. A. Penkett, K. C. Clemitshaw, P. Anwyl, P. Lightman, A. R. W. Marsh, and G. Butcher, Estimation of atmospheric hydroxyl radical concentrations from the observed decay of many reactive hydrocarbons in well-defined urban plumes, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2851-2864, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 2851-2864
    • Blake, N.J.1    Penkett, S.A.2    Clemitshaw, K.C.3    Anwyl, P.4    Lightman, P.5    Marsh, A.R.W.6    Butcher, G.7
  • 8
    • 0032777176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of southern hemispheric biomass burning on mid-tropospheric distributions of nonmethane hydrocarbons and selected halocarbons over the remote South Pacific
    • in press
    • Blake, N. J., et al., Influence of southern hemispheric biomass burning on mid-tropospheric distributions of nonmethane hydrocarbons and selected halocarbons over the remote South Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res.
    • Blake, N.J.1
  • 9
    • 84905415803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aircraft measurements of the latitudinal, vertical, and seasonal variations of NMHCs, methyl nitrate, methyl halides and DMS during ACE 1
    • Blake, N. J., et al., Aircraft measurements of the latitudinal, vertical, and seasonal variations of NMHCs, methyl nitrate, methyl halides and DMS during ACE 1, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
    • J. Geophys. Res. , Issue.THIS ISSUE
    • Blake, N.J.1
  • 11
    • 0023525334 scopus 로고
    • Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulfur, cloud albedo and climate
    • Charlson, R., J. Lovelock, M. O. Andreae, and S. Warner, Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulfur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature, 326, 655, 1987.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.326 , pp. 655
    • Charlson, R.1    Lovelock, J.2    Andreae, M.O.3    Warner, S.4
  • 12
    • 0029730405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lagrangian evolution of an aerosol column during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment
    • Clarke, A. D., T. Uehara, and J. N. Porter, Lagrangian evolution of an aerosol column during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4351-4362, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 4351-4362
    • Clarke, A.D.1    Uehara, T.2    Porter, J.N.3
  • 13
    • 0000063356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particle production in the remote marine atmosphere: Cloud outflow and subsidence during ACE 1
    • Clarke, A. D., J. L. Varner, F. Eisele, R. L. Mauldin, D. Tanner, and M. Litchy, Particle production in the remote marine atmosphere: Cloud outflow and subsidence during ACE 1, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,397-16,409, 1998a.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Clarke, A.D.1    Varner, J.L.2    Eisele, F.3    Mauldin, R.L.4    Tanner, D.5    Litchy, M.6
  • 14
    • 0032475809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particle nucleation in the tropical boundary layer and its coupling to marine sulfur sources
    • Clarke A .D., et al., Particle nucleation in the tropical boundary layer and its coupling to marine sulfur sources, Science, 282, 89-92, 1998b.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 89-92
    • Clarke, A.D.1
  • 15
    • 0021812061 scopus 로고
    • Potential degassing of HCl from acidified NaCl droplets
    • Clegg, S. L , and P. Brimblecombe, Potential degassing of HCl from acidified NaCl droplets, Atmos. Environ., 19, 465-470, 1985.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 465-470
    • Clegg, S.L.1    Brimblecombe, P.2
  • 16
    • 1542468553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial distribution of dimethylsulfide dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Australasian sector of the Southern Ocean
    • Curran, M. A. J., G. B. Jones, and H. Burton, Spatial distribution of dimethylsulfide dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Australasian sector of the Southern Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,677-16,689, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Curran, M.A.J.1    Jones, G.B.2    Burton, H.3
  • 20
    • 0032552269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the use of hydrocarbons for the determination of tropospheric OH concentrations
    • Ehhalt, D. H., F. Rohrer, A. Wahner, M. J. Prather, and D. R. Blake, On the use of hydrocarbons for the determination of tropospheric OH concentrations, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 18,981-18,997, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Ehhalt, D.H.1    Rohrer, F.2    Wahner, A.3    Prather, M.J.4    Blake, D.R.5
  • 22
    • 0020898219 scopus 로고
    • 2 with NaCl and atmospheric implications of NOCl formation
    • 2 with NaCl and atmospheric implications of NOCl formation, Nature, 306, 676-677, 1983.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.306 , pp. 676-677
    • Finlayson-Pitts, B.J.1
  • 23
    • 0039532732 scopus 로고
    • Chlorine atoms as a potential tropospheric oxidant in the marine boundary layer
    • Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., Chlorine atoms as a potential tropospheric oxidant in the marine boundary layer, Res. Chem. Intermed., 19, 235-249, 1993.
    • (1993) Res. Chem. Intermed. , vol.19 , pp. 235-249
    • Finlayson-Pitts, B.J.1
  • 25
    • 0029545122 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variations of nonmethane hydrocarbons in rural New England: Constraints on OH in northern midlatitudes
    • Goldstein, A. G., C. M. Spivokovsky, and S. C. Wofsy, Seasonal variations of nonmethane hydrocarbons in rural New England: Constraints on OH in northern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 21,023-21,033, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100
    • Goldstein, A.G.1    Spivokovsky, C.M.2    Wofsy, S.C.3
  • 26
    • 0028869297 scopus 로고
    • The tropospheric budget of reactive chlorine
    • Graedel, T. E., and W. C. Keene, The tropospheric budget of reactive chlorine, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9, 47-78, 1995.
    • (1995) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.9 , pp. 47-78
    • Graedel, T.E.1    Keene, W.C.2
  • 27
    • 1842551773 scopus 로고
    • Maritime and mixed maritime-continental aerosol along the coast of Southern California
    • Green, W. D., Maritime and mixed maritime-continental aerosol along the coast of Southern California, J. Geophys. Res., 77, 5152-5160, 1972.
    • (1972) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.77 , pp. 5152-5160
    • Green, W.D.1
  • 28
    • 1542573409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic context of the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): A meteorological and chemical overview
    • Hainsworth, A. H., A. L. Dick, and J. L. Gras, Climatic context of the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): A meteorological and chemical overview, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,319-16,340, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Hainsworth, A.H.1    Dick, A.L.2    Gras, J.L.3
  • 31
    • 0344377274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite remote sensing of fires during the SAFARI campaign using NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer data
    • Justice, C. O., J. D. Kendall, P. R. Dowty, and R. J. Scholes, Satellite remote sensing of fires during the SAFARI campaign using NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer data, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23,851-23,863, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101
    • Justice, C.O.1    Kendall, J.D.2    Dowty, P.R.3    Scholes, R.J.4
  • 33
    • 0032551817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OH measurements during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Observations and model comparisons
    • Mauldin, R. L., G. J. Frost, G. Chen, D. J. Tanner, A. S. H. Prevot, D. D. Davis, and F. L. Eisele, OH measurements during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Observations and model comparisons, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,713-16,728, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Mauldin, R.L.1    Frost, G.J.2    Chen, G.3    Tanner, D.J.4    Prevot, A.S.H.5    Davis, D.D.6    Eisele, F.L.7
  • 34
    • 0027878256 scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon ratios and photochemical history of air masses
    • McKeen, S. A., and S. C. Liu, Hydrocarbon ratios and photochemical history of air masses, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2363-2366, 1993.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 2363-2366
    • McKeen, S.A.1    Liu, S.C.2
  • 35
    • 0025660262 scopus 로고
    • On the indirect determination of atmospheric OH radical concentration from reactive hydrocarbon measurements
    • McKeen, S. A., M. Trainer, E. J. Hsie, R. K. Tallamraju, and S. C. Liu, On the indirect determination of atmospheric OH radical concentration from reactive hydrocarbon measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 7493-7500, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 7493-7500
    • McKeen, S.A.1    Trainer, M.2    Hsie, E.J.3    Tallamraju, R.K.4    Liu, S.C.5
  • 37
    • 0027388255 scopus 로고
    • The seasonal variation of nonmethane hydrocarbons in the free troposphere over the North Atlantic Ocean: Possible evidence for extensive reaction of hydrocarbons with the nitrate radical
    • Penkett, S. A., N. J. Blake, P. Lightman, A. R. W. Marsh, P. Anwyl, and G. Butcher, The seasonal variation of nonmethane hydrocarbons in the free troposphere over the North Atlantic Ocean: Possible evidence for extensive reaction of hydrocarbons with the nitrate radical, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2865-2885, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 2865-2885
    • Penkett, S.A.1    Blake, N.J.2    Lightman, P.3    Marsh, A.R.W.4    Anwyl, P.5    Butcher, G.6
  • 38
    • 0028553718 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of measured OH concentrations with model calculations
    • Poppe, P., et al., Comparison of measured OH concentrations with model calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16,633-16,642, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Poppe, P.1
  • 42
    • 0029168316 scopus 로고
    • The tropospheric distribution and budget of ethane
    • Rudolph, J., The tropospheric distribution and budget of ethane, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,369-11,381, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100
    • Rudolph, J.1
  • 43
    • 0024783424 scopus 로고
    • The seasonal variations of light nonmethane hydrocarbons in the Antarctic troposphere
    • Rudolph, J., A. Khedim, and D. Wagenbach, The seasonal variations of light nonmethane hydrocarbons in the Antarctic troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 13,039-13,044, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94
    • Rudolph, J.1    Khedim, A.2    Wagenbach, D.3
  • 44
    • 0029663112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The budgets of ethane and tetrachloroethene - Is there evidence for an impact of reactions with chlorine atoms in the troposphere
    • Rudolph, J., R. Koppmann, and C. Plass-Dülmer, The budgets of ethane and tetrachloroethene - Is there evidence for an impact of reactions with chlorine atoms in the troposphere, Atmos. Environ., 30, 1887-1894, 1996.
    • (1996) Atmos. Environ. , vol.30 , pp. 1887-1894
    • Rudolph, J.1    Koppmann, R.2    Plass-Dülmer, C.3
  • 46
    • 0023823908 scopus 로고
    • Chlorine-hydrocarbon photochemistry in the marine troposphere and lower stratosphere
    • Singh, H. B., and J. F. Kasting, Chlorine-hydrocarbon photochemistry in the marine troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Atmos. Chem., 7, 261-285, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.7 , pp. 261-285
    • Singh, H.B.1    Kasting, J.F.2
  • 47
    • 0000430815 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric distribution and sources of nonmethane hydrocarbons
    • edited by J. O. Nriagu, John Wiley, New York
    • Singh, H. B., and P. B. Zimmerman, Atmospheric distribution and sources of nonmethane hydrocarbons, in Gaseous Pollutants: Characterization and Cycling, edited by J. O. Nriagu, pp. 177-235, John Wiley, New York, 1992.
    • (1992) Gaseous Pollutants: Characterization and Cycling , pp. 177-235
    • Singh, H.B.1    Zimmerman, P.B.2
  • 48
    • 0018332090 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric halocarbons, hydrocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride: Global distributions, sources, and sinks
    • Singh, H. B., L. J. Salas, H. Shigeishi, and E. Scribner, Atmospheric halocarbons, hydrocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride: Global distributions, sources, and sinks, Science, 203, 899-903, 1979.
    • (1979) Science , vol.203 , pp. 899-903
    • Singh, H.B.1    Salas, L.J.2    Shigeishi, H.3    Scribner, E.4
  • 49
    • 0019352980 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the oxidant-forming potential of light saturated hydrocarbons in the atmosphere
    • Singh, H. B., J. R. Martinez, D. R. Hendry, R. J. Jaffe and W. B. Johnson, Assessment of the oxidant-forming potential of light saturated hydrocarbons in the atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 15, 113-119, 1981.
    • (1981) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.15 , pp. 113-119
    • Singh, H.B.1    Martinez, J.R.2    Hendry, D.R.3    Jaffe, R.J.4    Johnson, W.B.5
  • 50
    • 0029730934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low ozone in the marine boundary layer of the tropical Pacific Ocean: Photochemical loss, chlorine atoms, and entrainment
    • Singh, H. B., et al., Low ozone in the marine boundary layer of the tropical Pacific Ocean: Photochemical loss, chlorine atoms, and entrainment, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1793-1808, 1996a.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 1793-1808
    • Singh, H.B.1
  • 51
    • 0030158718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetrachloroethene as an indicator of low Cl atom concentrations in the troposphere
    • Singh, H. B., A. N. Thakur, Y. E. Chen, and M. Kanakidou, Tetrachloroethene as an indicator of low Cl atom concentrations in the troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1529-1532, 1996b.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , pp. 1529-1532
    • Singh, H.B.1    Thakur, A.N.2    Chen, Y.E.3    Kanakidou, M.4
  • 53
    • 33751392281 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic and mechanistic study of the reaction of atomic chlorine with dimethyl sulfide
    • Stickel, R. E., J. M. Nicovich, S. Wang, Z. Zhao, and P. H. Wine, Kinetic and mechanistic study of the reaction of atomic chlorine with dimethyl sulfide, J. Phys. Chem., 96, 9875-9883, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.96 , pp. 9875-9883
    • Stickel, R.E.1    Nicovich, J.M.2    Wang, S.3    Zhao, Z.4    Wine, P.H.5
  • 56
    • 0028519410 scopus 로고
    • 2, ClO, and BrO
    • 2, ClO, and BrO, Science, 266, 398-404, 1994.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 398-404
    • Wennberg, P.O.1
  • 57
    • 1542678354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface air mass origins during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1)
    • Whittlestone, S., J. L. Gras, and S. T. Siems, Surface air mass origins during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1), J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,341-16,350, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Whittlestone, S.1    Gras, J.L.2    Siems, S.T.3
  • 58
    • 0029729850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon and halocarbon measurements as photochemical and dynamical indicators of atmospheric hydroxyl, atomic chlorine, and vertical mixing obtained during Lagrangian nights
    • Wingenter, O. W., M. K. Kubo, N. J. Blake, T. W. Smith, D. R. Blake, and F. S. Rowland, Hydrocarbon and halocarbon measurements as photochemical and dynamical indicators of atmospheric hydroxyl, atomic chlorine, and vertical mixing obtained during Lagrangian nights, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4331-4340, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 4331-4340
    • Wingenter, O.W.1    Kubo, M.K.2    Blake, N.J.3    Smith, T.W.4    Blake, D.R.5    Rowland, F.S.6
  • 59
    • 0001212236 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous formation of chlorine atoms from NaCl aerosols in a smog chamber
    • Zetzsch, C., G. Pfahler, and W. Behnke, Heterogeneous formation of chlorine atoms from NaCl aerosols in a smog chamber, J. Aerosol Sci., 19, 1203-1206, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Aerosol Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 1203-1206
    • Zetzsch, C.1    Pfahler, G.2    Behnke, W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.