Palladium-catalyzed (Ullmann-type) homocoupling of aryl halides: A convenient and general synthesis of symmetrical biaryls via inter- and intramolecular coupling reactions

Organic Letters

Volumn 1, Issue 8, 1999, Pages 1205-1208

  Hennings, D David ^a   Iwama, Tetsuo ^a   Rawal, Viresh H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000658001     PISSN: 15237060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ol990872+     Document Type: Article

References (33)

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11. A remarkably mild procedure was recently reported for the Ullmann coupling. The procedure requires the use of 3 equiv of copper(I) thiophene carboxylate and necessitates the presence of a ligating functionality ortho to the aryl halide: Zhang, S.; Zhang, D.; Liebeskind, L. S. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 2312-2313.
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23. This work is taken from the Ph.D. dissertation of D.D.H., The University of Chicago, 1997. After this work had been completed and the dissertation submitted, Lemaire and co-workers reported another example of a palladium catalyzed Ullmann coupling reaction: Hassan, J.; Penalva, V.; Lavenot, L.; Gozzi, C.; Lemaire, M. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 13793-13804 and references therein.
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26. 0 formed during a reaction. Cf.: Weider, P. R.; Hegedus, L. S.; Asada, H.; D'Andreq, S. V. J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 4276-4281. We thank Professor Hegedus (Colorado State University) for helpfull discussions.
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