-
1
-
-
0000849532
-
-
K. H. Kingdon, Phys. Rev. 21, 408 (1923), is the earliest paper I have found on particle confinement (an ion trap).
-
(1923)
Phys. Rev.
, vol.21
, pp. 408
-
-
Kingdon, K.H.1
-
2
-
-
85033314190
-
-
For our purposes, orbital confinement means that the geometric center of the system is inaccessible to the trapped particle, which must orbit around the excluded middle. Point confinement occurs when the geometric trap center is accessible to the trapped particle
-
For our purposes, orbital confinement means that the geometric center of the system is inaccessible to the trapped particle, which must orbit around the excluded middle. Point confinement occurs when the geometric trap center is accessible to the trapped particle.
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
85033289128
-
-
and the references therein
-
Phys. Scr. T59 (1995), and the references therein. A recent review of traps and storage rings for atomic and molecular ions. Also contains a review of neutron storage in magnetic bottles.
-
(1995)
Phys. Scr.
, vol.T59
-
-
-
4
-
-
0021860393
-
-
K.-J. Kügler, K. Moritz, W. Paul, and U. Trinks, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 228, 240 (1985).
-
(1985)
Nucl. Instrum. Methods
, vol.228
, pp. 240
-
-
Kügler, K.-J.1
Moritz, K.2
Paul, W.3
Trinks, U.4
-
5
-
-
5544303498
-
-
N. R. Newbury and C. Weiman, Am. J. Phys. 64, 18 (1996), is a nice collection of references for neutral atom trapping in the form or a resource letter.
-
(1996)
Am. J. Phys.
, vol.64
, pp. 18
-
-
Newbury, N.R.1
Weiman, C.2
-
6
-
-
0000976479
-
-
J. M. Doyle, B. Friedrich, J. Kim, and D. Patterson, Phys. Rev. A 52, R2515 (1995).
-
(1995)
Phys. Rev. A
, vol.52
-
-
Doyle, J.M.1
Friedrich, B.2
Kim, J.3
Patterson, D.4
-
9
-
-
0001098059
-
-
J. Kim, B. Friedrich, D. P. Katz, D. Patterson, J. D. Weinstein, R. DeCarvalho, and J. M. Doyle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3665 (1997).
-
(1997)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.78
, pp. 3665
-
-
Kim, J.1
Friedrich, B.2
Katz, D.P.3
Patterson, D.4
Weinstein, J.D.5
DeCarvalho, R.6
Doyle, J.M.7
-
10
-
-
0042719240
-
-
Cambridge University Press, London
-
R. F. G. Fraser, Molecular Rays (Cambridge University Press, London, 1931) reviews early molecular beam work using inhomogeneous fields.
-
(1931)
Molecular Rays
-
-
Fraser, R.F.G.1
-
11
-
-
0003867616
-
-
Oxford University Press, London
-
N. F. Ramsey, Molecular Beams (Oxford University Press, London, 1956) reviews work on nuclear moments using inhomogeneous fields.
-
(1956)
Molecular Beams
-
-
Ramsey, N.F.1
-
12
-
-
0003400233
-
-
edited by G. Scoles Oxford University Press, New York, and references therein
-
S. Stolte, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods, edited by G. Scoles (Oxford University Press, New York, 1988), and references therein. A review of inhomogeneous field state selection in molecular crossed-beam collision experiments.
-
(1988)
Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods
-
-
Stolte, S.1
-
17
-
-
4243953033
-
-
D. Papoušek, Y.-C. Hsu, H.-S. Chen, P. Pracna, S. Klee, M. Winnewisser, and J. Demaison, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 159, 33 (1993).
-
(1993)
J. Mol. Spectrosc.
, vol.159
, pp. 33
-
-
Papoušek, D.1
Hsu, Y.-C.2
Chen, H.-S.3
Pracna, P.4
Klee, S.5
Winnewisser, M.6
Demaison, J.7
-
23
-
-
85033284079
-
-
Since the restoring force which would have been supplied by the inner charge bars is provided by the centrifugal potential the inner charge bars may be removed if so desired, just as in the neutron ring case (Ref. 4)
-
Since the restoring force which would have been supplied by the inner charge bars is provided by the centrifugal potential the inner charge bars may be removed if so desired, just as in the neutron ring case (Ref. 4).
-
-
-
-
24
-
-
0003400233
-
-
edited by G. Scoles Oxford University Press, New York
-
6 is too high to be trapped using reasonable ring parameters. For details, see D. R. Miller, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods, edited by G. Scoles (Oxford University Press, New York, 1988).
-
(1988)
Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods
-
-
Miller, D.R.1
-
27
-
-
0030170101
-
-
Bahns et al. have proposed a complex scheme based on electronic molecular transitions to translationally cool molecules [J. T. Bahns, W. C. Stwalley, and P. L. Gould, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 9689 (1996)]. Another method, based on the stimulated light force due to bichromatic excitation of a two level system [J. Söding, R. Grimm, Yu. B. Ovchinnikov, Ph. Bouyer, and Ch. Salomon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1420 (1997)], seems to be so efficient at cooling that it might even be useful for moderately open systems such as some molecules (depending on the Franck-Condon factors involved). Yet another option might be to pass the molecular beam through a thin, cold, scattering medium in a fashion analogous to buffer gas loading of traps, although in this case, we would only want to lose about 75% of the translational energy rather than all of it, and we would need to control any diffusive transverse heating (Ref. 6).
-
(1996)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.104
, pp. 9689
-
-
Bahns, J.T.1
Stwalley, W.C.2
Gould, P.L.3
-
28
-
-
0038580968
-
-
Bahns et al. have proposed a complex scheme based on electronic molecular transitions to translationally cool molecules [J. T. Bahns, W. C. Stwalley, and P. L. Gould, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 9689 (1996)]. Another method, based on the stimulated light force due to bichromatic excitation of a two level system [J. Söding, R. Grimm, Yu. B. Ovchinnikov, Ph. Bouyer, and Ch. Salomon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1420 (1997)], seems to be so efficient at cooling that it might even be useful for moderately open systems such as some molecules (depending on the Franck-Condon factors involved). Yet another option might be to pass the molecular beam through a thin, cold, scattering medium in a fashion analogous to buffer gas loading of traps, although in this case, we would only want to lose about 75% of the translational energy rather than all of it, and we would need to control any diffusive transverse heating (Ref. 6).
-
(1997)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.78
, pp. 1420
-
-
Söding, J.1
Grimm, R.2
Ovchinnikov, Yu.B.3
Bouyer, Ph.4
Salomon, Ch.5
-
32
-
-
84892319049
-
-
Springer, New York
-
P. Meystre, and M. Sargent III, Elements of Quantum Optics, 2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 1991). As is typical in molecular spectroscopy, the primed quantities refer to the higher energy state and the double primed quantities are associated with the lower energy state.
-
(1991)
Elements of Quantum Optics, 2nd Ed.
-
-
Meystre, P.1
Sargent III, M.2
-
33
-
-
0003704497
-
-
Springer, New York
-
W. Demetröder, Laser Spectroscopy, 2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 1996) is an excellent source for optical detection methods. For a general treatment of molecular beam detection, see various chapters, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods, edited by G. Scoles (Oxford University Press, New York, 1988).
-
(1996)
Laser Spectroscopy, 2nd Ed.
-
-
Demetröder, W.1
-
34
-
-
0003400233
-
-
Oxford University Press, New York
-
W. Demetröder, Laser Spectroscopy, 2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 1996) is an excellent source for optical detection methods. For a general treatment of molecular beam detection, see various chapters, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods, edited by G. Scoles (Oxford University Press, New York, 1988).
-
(1988)
Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods
-
-
Scoles, G.1
-
35
-
-
11944275587
-
-
G. Timp, R. E. Behringer, D. M. Tennant, J. E. Cunningham, M. Prentiss, and K. K. Berggren, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1636 (1992).
-
(1992)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.69
, pp. 1636
-
-
Timp, G.1
Behringer, R.E.2
Tennant, D.M.3
Cunningham, J.E.4
Prentiss, M.5
Berggren, K.K.6
-
36
-
-
0027910022
-
-
J. J. McClelland, R. E. Scholten, E. C. Palm, and R. J. Celotta, Science 262, 877 (1993).
-
(1993)
Science
, vol.262
, pp. 877
-
-
McClelland, J.J.1
Scholten, R.E.2
Palm, E.C.3
Celotta, R.J.4
-
38
-
-
0000327906
-
-
M. S. Chapman, C. R. Ekstrom, T. D. Hammond, R. A. Rubenstein, J. Schmiedmayer, S. Wehinger, and D. E. Pritchard, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4783 (1995).
-
(1995)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.74
, pp. 4783
-
-
Chapman, M.S.1
Ekstrom, C.R.2
Hammond, T.D.3
Rubenstein, R.A.4
Schmiedmayer, J.5
Wehinger, S.6
Pritchard, D.E.7
-
45
-
-
0003965863
-
-
Chemical Rubber, Boca Raton
-
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th ed., edited by R. C. Weast, M. J. Astle, and W. H. Beyer (Chemical Rubber, Boca Raton, 1986).
-
(1986)
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th Ed.
-
-
Weast, R.C.1
Astle, M.J.2
Beyer, W.H.3
-
46
-
-
0000095115
-
-
T. Oi, J. Shulman, A. Popowicz, and T. Ishida, J. Phys. Chem. 87, 3153 (1983).
-
(1983)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.87
, pp. 3153
-
-
Oi, T.1
Shulman, J.2
Popowicz, A.3
Ishida, T.4
-
47
-
-
0003400233
-
-
edited by G. Scoles Oxford University Press, New York, and references therein
-
H. Pauly, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods, edited by G. Scoles (Oxford University Press, New York, 1988), and references therein.
-
(1988)
Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods
-
-
Pauly, H.1
-
48
-
-
85033308074
-
-
Actually, this is a worst case estimate of the solid angle loss, since the output from the multichannel array can be highly collimated to begin with (Ref. 45)
-
Actually, this is a worst case estimate of the solid angle loss, since the output from the multichannel array can be highly collimated to begin with (Ref. 45).
-
-
-
|