A liquid nitrogen immersion cryostat for optical measurements

Review of Scientific Instruments

Volumn 71, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 3567-3569

  Andrews, Steven S ^a   Boxer, Steven G ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000070145     PISSN: 00346748     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1287343     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Janis Research Company, 2 Jewel Drive, P.O. Box 696, Wilmington, MA 01887.
2. Oxford Instruments, Old Station Way, Eynsham, Witney, Oxon, OX8 ITL, UK.
3. MMR Technologies Inc., 1400 North Shoreline Blvd. #A5, Mountain View, CA 94043.
4. E. S. Park, S. S. Andrews, R. B. Hu, and S. G. Boxer, J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 9813 (1999).
5. S. S. Andrews and S. G. Boxer, J. Phys. Chem. B (submitted).
6. When liquid He is pumped below its lambda point, it exhibits many desirable properties for optical measurements and such cryostats are widely used. Unfortunately these experiments are complex, costly, and time consuming. The present cryostat design offers many of the advantages of pumped He systems, though, of course, not the very low temperature.
7. Another technique for suppressing bubbles in liquid nitrogen is to gently flow helium vapor over the surface of the liquid. This simple but poorly-known method is not as effective as the nitrogen jacket.
8. A. Lõhmus, A. Laisaar, A. Freiberg, A. Ellervee, V. Korrovits, R. Lõhmus, and M. Tars, Czech. J. Phys., Suppl. S5 46, 2775 (1996).
9. Detailed schematics can be provided upon request.
10. Cleartran is water-free zinc sulfide, and is a trademark of CVD Inc.
11. On initial cooling, depolarization is minimized when the cryostat is filled slowly, which allows a gradual and uniform cooling of the windows.
12. Gast Manufacturing Inc., P.O. Box 97, Benton Harbor, MI 49023.
13. A. L. Smith, W. E. Keller, and H. L. Johnston, Phys. Rev. 79, 728 (1950).